understanding spss brandon aragon, research technician eric cazares, graduate assistant claudia...
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Understanding SPSSBrandon Aragon, Research Technician
Eric Cazares, Graduate AssistantClaudia Alvarado, Graduate Assistant
2015-16 Workshop SeriesOctober 20, 2014
Office of Institutional Research (IR)• Accountability
• Internal• External
• Assessment• Continual Improvement Support• Surveys and Measures
• Planning• Enrollment Management/Resource
Allocation• Decision-making and Policy
Formation
• Research• Qualitative and Quantitative Research• Dissemination
• Visit us at: http://ir.csusb.edu
IR Staff• AVP for Institutional Effectiveness and Director of IR
• Muriel Lopez-Wagner
• Assistant Director• Tanner Carollo
• Institutional Effectiveness Associate• Joanna Oxendine
• Research Technicians• Allan Taing and Brandon Aragon
• Administrative Support Coordinator• Monica Villarruel
• Graduate Research Assistants• Eric Cazares, Claudia Alvarado , Lesley Quinonez, Keiry Borruel
What is SPSS?
• Statistical analysis software• Descriptive statistics and frequencies• T-Tests, ANOVA, correlations, etc.• Tabulated reports, graphs, and charts.
• Can also be used for data management
SPSS or Excel?
• Some benefits of using SPSS over Excel include:• Quick and easy access to descriptives
• Variety of charts and graphs
• Flexible pivot tables
• Easy to create subsets
• Easy value labeling
• User friendly with output that is easy to understand
Opening Excel Files
• Open SPSS• Opening Window
• Recent Files
• Open a dataset• File -> Open -> Data• File Type:
• SPSS Statistics (*.sav)• Excel (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm)
• Read Variable names from the first row of data
• Save File
Data View
• Data View• Each row is a different case• Each column is a different variable • Can drag and move variables (unlike Excel)• Variables can be used to group participants• (ex. “program”)
• Change to Variable View • Click Variable View tab• Double-click variable
Variable View: Describing your Data
• Edit Variables • Each row is a variable • Name
• Edit variable names• No special characters (spaces, $, /, etc.)• First character has to be a letter
• Type (String = alphanumeric, Numeric = numbers only)• Width• Change GPA to 2 decimal places• No decimals for ID
• Label: • Full Name from Excel
Variable View: Describing your Data (cont’d)• Value Labels
• Gives a label to simple values• Gender: 1 = Male, 2 = Female
• Missing Values • Force SPSS to exclude a value • EX: GPA = 99, Class Level missing value
• Align • Similar to Excel
• Measure• Nominal – Gender• Ordinal – Level• Scale – GPA
• Can copy/paste Labels, Values, and Missing• Change to Data View
• Click Data View tab• Double-click variable number
Search (case/variable)
• Data View• Click GPA -> Ctrl+F
• Variable View• Click Name/Label -> Ctrl+F
Frequencies and Descriptives
• Frequencies• Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Frequencies • Class level, GPA, Gender, Program• Statistics and Charts buttons• Interpret (Frequency, Percent, Missing ClassLevel)
• Descriptives • Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Descriptives• GPA, Gender• Interpret (N, Minimum, Maximum, Mean, Gender) • Remove Missing value from GPA• Right click variable -> Descriptives• Interpret (Different way to get information, different mean because of Missing)
Program Exercise
• Rename the “Program” variable so that it represents a program that is relevant to your area of expertise.• Enter a number for each case (values)• 1 = Participant, 2 = non-Participant• Add variable values
• Check the characteristics of the variable to make sure they are appropriate.
Select/Split Cases
• Data -> Split Files• Move program into the box, check ‘Compare groups’• Obtain the Descriptives of GPA
• Data -> Select Cases• If condition is satisfied
• Gender = 1 AND ClassLevel = ‘Freshman‘• Filter out unselected cases• Copy Selected cases to a new dataset• Delete unselected cases
• Descriptives of GPA
Crosstabs
• Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Crosstabs• Select and drag row/column variables• Statistics• Cells - Percentages
• Create separate tables to analyze:• Class Level by Program Participants• Gender by Program Participants
Custom Tables
• Analyze -> Tables -> Custom Tables• Select and drag row variable(s)• Select and drag column variables(s)• Summary Statistics
• Adjust counts and percentages• Add Column N%• Add Table N%
• Categories and Tables• Totals• Category order
• Create separate tables to analyze:• Class Level by Program Participants• Gender by Program Participants
Computing New Variables/Recoding
• Transform -> Compute Variable • Target Variable – New Variable• Compute Honors if GPA >= 3.5
• Recode Missing Value• Tranform -> Recode into Same Var.• Old & New Values
• Old Value = System-missing• New Value = 0• Click Add
Custom Tables (Part II)
• Create a custom table to analyze Class Level by Honors and Gender• Versatility of customs tables allows
for multiple layers to be added• A more complex example - Analyze
Program and Class Level by Honors and Gender
Thank You!• Questions/comments?• Contact Us• AD-170• 909-537-5052• [email protected]