unimed general assembly
TRANSCRIPT
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Workshop
Challenges for the UNIMED Subnetwork on Food and Water: Priorities in Euro-Mediterranean research
Water management and food security issues :
in Morocco
Mohammed Bouslikhane
00 212 6 66 29 27 64
Tuesday 31st October 2017
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Population 33 millions Area 710,850 sq.km Arid area 93% of territory Rainfall 80% with less than 250 mm/year Dry season 4 to 6 months/year Mountains 26% of the territory Water resources 22 billions m3 Agricultural arable land 8,7 millions Ha (12%) Irrigated area 1,5 millions Ha (16% arable) Forest land 9 million Ha (13%) of which 3,5 alfa Rangeland 53 millions Ha (74%)
Morocco in a few words
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Climatic conditions
800 mm in the northern region 400 to 600 mm in the center 200 to 400 mm in the Oriental and Souss 50 and 200 mm in the South Atlas areas <50 mm in desert areas
Annual rainfall
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Water ressources potentiel
Balance in billions of m3
Rainfall : 140
Water ressources Mobilized Mobilisable
Surface waters 9 18,2
Underground waters 4,3 3,8
Total 13,3 22
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Water policy in Morocco: the facts
Morocco is characterized by climatic variability and the dominance of aridity.
Drought conditions and water deficit are structuralfacts.
Drought and water deficit have direct impact in agriculture and food security with subsequent economic and social consequences.
Increasing water demand and climate change would suggest rational and appropriate management approaches of water resources.
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Water policy in Morocco: the national plans
National plan of dams
Water development plans
Irrigation water economy plans
Agricultural development plans (eg. Plan MarocVert)
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Water policy in Morocco: major achievements
140 large dams with a capacity of 17.6 billion cubic meters
12 large dams in progress with a capacity of 2.6 billion cubic meters
13 water transfer systems
Wells and boreholes for underground water use.
Seawater desalination stations (10 Mm³ / year)
Supply of potable water: urban (94% ), rural (92%)
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Plan Maroc Vert: Water management and food security of central concern
Pillar 1: Intensive and
commercial agriculture
Pillar 2: Social agriculture1. Organization of
agricultural sectors
into channels of
production (since
2008).
2. Agricultural
research and
development
strategy (2013)
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
IAV Hassan II:water in education curricula
Agriculture plant production engineering animal production engineering agricultural economics and management biotechnologies on plant and animal genetic improvement natural resources and environment human sciences applied Statistics and Informatics
7 departements14 laboratories
Water engineering water, environment and infrastructures agricultural hydraulics management of water resources and environment urban hydraulics infrastructures
Horticulture Master on : Water and sustainable horticulture (AGROCAMPUS OUEST and IAV)
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
IAV Hassan II:Center of post graduate studies
37,2
23,5
23,1
16,2
Agronomy & food sciences
VeterinarySciences
EngineeringSciences
Economic & socialsciences
1981-2001: Doctorat ès-Sciences Agronomiques (235 graduates)
2009-2017: Accredited Center of post graduate studies under the law 01.00 (4 research domains, 22 research units )
7 promotions (2010-2017)271 PhD students
52 graduted up to October 2017
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
IAV Hassan II: research programs
UR 16: Water resources management: water, irrigation and infrastructure
UR 22: Conservatory management of waters and soil
22Research Units
2 RU for water and water management (14%)
16 RU directly or indirectly associated to food security and food safety (72%)
4 RU for other topics (14%)
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Water and food in international cooperation:(over 60% of programs)
-Australie : Ocean
Nourishment Foundation
-Japon :University of TSUKUBA
-Chine :Yunnan Agricultural U
Russie :Université Agraire d’Etat de Saratov Hongrie: Faculty of
Veterinary Science
- France : ENV Nantes , Agrocampus Ouest, VetAgro Sup, IRD, CIRAD.- Italie : Universités de Sassari, Tuscia, Poletecnico di Milano- Belgique : Universités de Liège , Ghent , Namur ,- Espagne : Universités de Jaén , Lledia , Politechnique de Valence
-USA : Universités Minnesota, Arizona
-Canada : Universités de Montréal, Laval-Québec, McGill
-Guinée: Centre de Promotion Horticole CPH de Dalaba - Sénégal: Ecole Polytechnique de Thiés- Burkina-Faso: Ecole de Formation et de perfectionnement des Travaux Publics
Algérie : INRA
Tunisie: INRA, INSAT
Arabie Saoudite : M. agriculture
140
28
2215
2
210 MOU(1975-2017)
Examples of FranceCIRADIAMMUniversité de PerpignanEcole supérieure d'Agriculture ToulouseUniversité Montpellier2INRASup agro
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
IAV projects in relation with water and water management (2011-2016)
Main topics• Irrigation and water management• Groundwater management• Application of GIS in the
management of irrigated perimeters
• Recycling of wastewater• Water use and climate change• Agricultural hydro facilities• Rain harvesting water• Parasitology of wastewater• Water quality
12
9
4
25
Formation Recherche Prestation Global
7
6
4
3 3
2
Org ( FAO,BADEA, GIZ,
AUF)
Ministère MA Divers Inst Afrique Bilat UE H2020
Funding sources
Purposes
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Plan Maroc vert: few indicators and results (2016)
GDP of agricultural branch
Contribution to employment (global)
Contribution to employment (rural)
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Plan Maroc vert: few indicators and results (2016)
Land use Evolution of irrigated surfaces (using drip)
Agricultural and food exports
For more details, visithttp://www.agriculture.gov.ma
UNIMED General AssemblyParis, 30-31 October 2017
Concluding points
Problems associated to water and food in Morocco are not different
from those prevailing in other Mediterranean countries. Great efforts
should be done in terms of regional collaboration and cooperation.
Morocco is providing a sustainable improvement model of water
economy in relation with its agricultural development ambitions. To
implement innovative techniques, it is necessary to focus on education,
research and also extension programs to be addressed to farmers
(capacity building).
As direct consequences of the agricultural development, Morocco is
expecting to face, in the near future, productions surplus in fruits and
vegetables and agricultural byproducts management. Thus, new fields
of research and development are promising for regional cooperation
(food processing, agricultural waste management,…).