UNIT 0

THE ELEMENTS OF A CIVILISATION

WHAT IS A CIVILISATION?

It is a human society that exists in a particular time and place, with a complex organisation which includes political,economic, social and cultural elements.

ELEMENTS OF A CIVILISATION Geographical location Location in time Economy Society Culture Politics

CHRONOLOGY

It refers to its location in time, shown in years, decades, centuries or historical periods.

A timeline is a graphic representation of a chronology. They can indicate the major events of an entire civilisation, a specific historical period or a particular process.

Information should appear on a timeline: The beginning and end dates for the entire

timeline. The major periods into which we can divide it. The dates of important events.

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

It refers to the regions or continents where it develops.

A historical map provides information about: Politics Economy Society Culture

Maps should have a key to explain the symbols: Lines Colours Dots or stars Arrows Swords or cannons

POLITICS

It refers to the governing of a country or area, and especially the relationships between groups that have power.

Powers of the state

Legislative

Passes laws

Executive

Applies laws and governs

Judicial

Judges if the laws are

being obeyed

ECONOMY It refers to the management of its resources,

production and commercial activities.

The two most general types of economy are: Closed or subsistence economy. Open economy.

ECONOMIC SECTORS

Primary sectorExtraction of

raw materiials from nature

Secondary sector

Production of manufactured

goods

Tertiary sector Provides services

SOCIETY

It is composed of people who live in a specific geographical location and have relationships with each other.

TYPES OF SOCIETY

CLOSED (ESTATES OF

REALM)

Privileged groups

The First State / Clergy

The Second State / Nobility

Non-privileged groups

The Third State / Middle

Class and Peasantry

OPEN

Upper class

Middle class

Lower class

CULTURE

It refers to a society’s belief, customs and knowledge, as well as its artistic, literary, scientific and technological achievements.

Some of the most important elements of culture are: Religion Mythology Philosophy Literature Art Science