unit 1 colonialization to constitution day 1: the origins of colonialization
TRANSCRIPT
Unit 1Colonialization to
Constitution
Day 1: The Origins of Colonialization
September 10, 2013 Agenda
Today we will answer the following questions….
1.Why did the early colonies fail?
2.What lessons did the colonists learn from the early colonists to make Plymouth a success?
3.What makes a successful colony?
Early Colonial Experiments
1. Roanoke - 1585• British king granted a charter to establish a
colony in the Americas.• Reasons to settle:
• Needed an American base to attack Spanish ships and cities
• Needed supply stations for trading ships• New markets • Homeland becoming too crowded
• Disaster: the settlers abandoned the colony and returned home
Early Colonial Experiments
2. Jamestown - 1607• About 100 colonists were sent to Virginia to start a new
colony.• Reasons for near-failure
• Settlers not used to doing hard work and had come to get rich quick
• The site for the colony was a swamp with disease infested mosquitoes
• Poor leadership – argued about even minor issues• In 1609, the colony reorganized.
• A governor was appointed by the king• Created the House of Burgesses: a legislature made
up of representatives from the colony to make laws
Early Colonial Experiments
3. Plymouth Colony – 1620• Established by a group of Separatists – those
who left the Church of England – looking for a place to be free to worship
• Learning from Jamestown – they wrote the Mayflower Compact before leaving the boat• The Compact was an agreement to obey all of
their government’s laws.• Succeeded in keeping them together• Most successful example of self-government
GROUP TIME…
ACTIVITY: IN YOUR GROUPS, DISCUSS WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL
COLONY?
WRITE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE BACK OF YOUR NOTESHEET.
Mercantilism
The Purpose of Mercantilism is for a mother nation to collect as much gold as possible. By creating colonies, nations expand their
ability to make money. Colonies exist for the benefit of the mother
country. The American colonies served as a source
of raw materials and trading markets for Great Britain.
Triangular Trade
Once the colonies were established, Great Britain began to develop trade routes.
Triangular Trade: trade between American, Europe and Africa
America: raw materials
Europe: finished goods
Africa: African slaves
French and Indian War
First land war in America lasted until 1763 Fought between colonists/British and
French/Indian allies Colonists led by George Washington
Ended with the Treaty of Paris France gave up Canada and all land east of
Mississippi River France kept New Orleans
Paying for the War
The French and Indian War was costly to Great Britain Great financial burden on Great Britain Britain lost the respect of the American
Colonists British did not defeat the French easily. Colonists saw the weaknesses of the British
military.
Changing British Policies
In 1760, Britain got a new King – George III.
With the new king came the end to salutary neglect Designed a plan to repay the debt caused
by the French and Indian War Included new taxes and fees to raise
money
End of Colonialization
By 1774, the colonists has had enough of British rule
They began to question whether Britain should be able to rule them without their representation in Parliament “No Taxation without Representation” The colonists adopted measures such as
British boycotts and a call to form militias and arm themselves.
Exit Questions
1. What lessons did the colonists learn from their early colonists to make Plymouth a success?
2. What is the purpose of Mercantilism?
3. Why did the British end their policy of salutary neglect?