unit 1 first americans student
TRANSCRIPT
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America In The
BeginningWho were
the first
Americans?
They started
out in Africa
and
eventually
migrated
over to
America.
How and
why did they
come here?
30,000 years ago
During a period of
low temperatures
called an _Ice age_
The world was
covered in Glaciers
or sheets of ice.
This caused
ocean levels to
Drop
and expose Land.
In the Bering
straight a Land
Bridge appeared
connecting
Siberia(Asia) &
The America
This land bridge
is known as
_____Beringia__
___.
Animals like
mammoths
crossed the
bridge or
____migrated___
____ to the
America's.
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Hunter's in Asia
who moved from
place to place to
find food or
__Nomads followed
the mammoths and
spread out or
_____Migrated____
__ to the America's
The ice age
ended
______warming
up glaciers
causing water
levels to
__Rise__
covering up the
_____land bridge.
Some animals
died off like
_____Mammoths.
Living in many
different parts of the
Americas the
Natives needed to
adjust or _____adapt
to every thing in the
new surrounds that
made up each of
their own
_______Environment
in order to
____Survive.
What
happened
when they
came to
America?
How did they
meet their new
needs?
America In The
Beginning
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America In The
Beginning
Living in many different
parts of the Americas
the Natives used the
different natural
______Resources in
their own different
environments for food,
clothing, and shelter.
Different groups in
different
environments
developed their own
beliefs and ways of
life or
________culture.
Groups in the same
environments
adapted similar life
styles, and language
creating ____Cultural
Region___
_________.
Many Native
American have these
things in common.
1. Nature has a
____spirit and belief
in many Gods____.
2. No one can own
______land____.
4. Only use what is
____needed (no
waste)______.
5. _Trade_________
was important to
most societies
How did
Native
Americans
adjust to the
new
environments
?
What did they
have in
common?
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8 Cultural
Regions
North West Coast
California
Plateau
Great Basin
South West
Great Plains
Eastern
Woodlands
South East
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8 Cultural Regions
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North West CoastWeather:
long cold winters
cool summers
heavy rainfall
Natural Resources:
ocean/beaches
thick forests of fir,
spruce, and cedar
rugged mountains
seafood/salmon
deer, moose, bear, elk,
beaver, mountain goats
Used cedar canoes to hunt
Fenced in salmon laying eggs
used cedar to make rope, mats and baskets
shell needles
used wedges, sledge hammers,
drills, and knifes to carve wooden masks
Clothing:
Cedar water proof clothing like capes with
decorative shell buttons
Shelter: lived near the coast
Cedar Long Houses with cedar bark roofs
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CaliforniaWeather:
rainy winters
hot dry summers
Natural Resources:
ocean/coast
foothills
valley's
deserts
mountains
acorns, oak trees
grass, and plants
redwood trees
salmon/seafood/shellfish
deer, rabbits, ducks,
roots berries, pine nuts
Used Bows& arrows, snares, and nets, used cooking stones to heat acorn meal
tools from antlers
Clothing:grass/leather aprons and skirts
Shelter: Cone shaped made of redwood bark, pole, and reeds woven into mats
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Great BasinWeather:
little rain
hot during the day
cold at night
Natural Resources:
mostly dessert
low areas surrounded by
mountains at the edges
with valleys that had
seasonal lakes and streams
plants that need little water like
grasses, sagebrush, pinon trees,
at the outer edges pine trees, and willow
small animals rabbits, lizards,
grasshoppers, snakes
sometimes ducks , duck eggs during certain
seasons
seeds,berries pine nuts, roots, cattail
Tools: water baskets sealed with tree sap
Floating duck decoys, nets, sharp sticks, flat baskets for catching seeds
Clothing: rabbit robes in winter
Shelter: Nomadic temporary cone shelters of willow, brush and reeds
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PlateauWeather:
long cold winters
comfortable summers
Natural Resources:
mountains with
dense forests in areas
flatter in the center with
drier grass lands
rivers
driftwood, mud, dirt,
grass and sage brush
fish, antelope, deer, seeds
onions, carrots, camas roots,
salmon
Clothing: antelope and deer hides leggings, dresses and skirts, woven hats, seed and shell designs
Tools: woven baskets, willow digging sticks, wooden fishing platforms, nets, and spears for salmon
Shelter: near rivers, partly under ground out of driftwood, mud, sap, and reeds
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Great PlainsWeather:
cold winters
hot summers
Natural Resources:
mountains surrounding edges
treeless grasslands in the
center
east more water and softer
soil
west drier dense grass
Buffalo and smaller animals
Culture:
Tools: bow made of buffalo tendon, arrows, V shaped stone trap, fire, bone knives, shields,
Clothing: Buffalo robes and hides
Shelter: Houses called tipis
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South West
high temperatures
little rain
dry/arid
Natural Resources:
mountains, canyons
desserts, flat top mesas
rivers, little water
clay, brightly colored plants, cotton
corn, beans, squash, peppers,
rabbits
Large thick walled houses made of bricks of adobe(sun baked clay). Up to 4 stories and had hundreds of rooms.
Clothes were made of cotton that they grew. Using plants and minerals, they dyed the fabric
Lived near naturally flooded areas. Men dug irrigation ditches, and also built dams to hold summer rain.
Women spend most the day grinding corn kernels into cornmeal. They used clay pots to cook stews
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Eastern WoodlandsWeather:
snowy winters , rain
Natural Resources:
rivers, ocean/coast
lots of lakes and streams
Forests, plants,
maple trees, elm,
deer, bears, beavers, birds, fish
corn, sunflowers, tobacco,
vegetables,
nuts, berries
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South EastWeather:
long warm humid summers
mild winters
Natural Resources:
rivers, ocean/coast
Fertile coastal plains
mountains,
swamps
Trees, clay, shells,
corn, beans, squash,
pumpkins,
sunflowers, sweet potatoes
squirrels, rabbits, turkeys,
deer, alligators, turtles,
wild rice, persimmons
Houses were made from strips of young trees woven into a rectangular frame, then plastered with clay. These houses had pointed roofs made of leaves.
Towns included many mounds, first mounds were burial sights, but others were larger, and used as platforms for temples. It took many months, even years, to build these mounds, because they moved the dirt 1 basket full at a time.
Simple clothing was made of deer skin. Jewelry made of stones, shells, feathers, pearls, bones, and clay.
Women used hoes made of stone, shell or animal shoulder blades. Men hunted using small blow guns, and bows and arrows.