unit 1: physical properties of matter lesson 2. 1) all matter is made up of tiny particles. 2) all...

13
Intro to Kinetic Molecular Theory Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2

Upload: mervin-rice

Post on 04-Jan-2016

214 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Intro to Kinetic Molecular Theory

Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2

Page 2: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Particle Theory of Matter Review

1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.

2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different substances are made up of different particles.

Page 3: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Particle Theory of Matter Review

3) The particles are always moving. The more energy that the particles have, the faster they move. Kinetic Energy is defined as the energy a

body possesses due to its motion. (KE=1/2mv2, where v=velocity )

Average kinetic energy is easily measured as temperature

Page 4: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Particle Theory of Matter Review

4) There are attractive forces between particles. These forces are stronger when the particles are closer together.

• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter

Page 5: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) adds to our understanding of “particles”.

Postulates of KMT:

1. All matter (solid, liquid, and gas) is made up of tiny particles called atoms, or atoms that are joined to form molecules.

2. These particles are in constant motion.(Look familiar?? It should.)

Page 6: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Kinetic Molecular Theory

3. Molecular motion is random.http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/kineticmoleculartheory/Diffusion.html

Page 7: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Kinetic Molecular Theory

3. Particles in motion possess kinetic energy. 4. Their motion increase as they gain energy.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEgQdH-C7eg

5. There is an exchange (transfer) of energy between particles (atoms and molecules) during a collision between them.

http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/collision.htm

Page 8: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different
Page 9: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Kinetic Molecular Theory

6. Particles (molecules) in gases do not exert large forces on each other, unless they are in collision with each other.

7. Collisions between these particles are perfectly elastic.

Page 10: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Kinetic Molecular Theory

8. Molecular motion is greatest in gases, less in liquids, and least in solids.

9. Solids retain a fixed volume and shape (not compressible) - particles are tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern.

Page 11: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

10.Liquids assume the shape of the container which it occupies but maintain their volume (not compressible) - particles close together with no regular arrangement.

Page 12: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

11.Gases assumes the shape and volume of its container and will expand to fill a container of any size (compressible) - particles are very far apart with no regular arrangement.

Page 13: Unit 1: Physical Properties of Matter Lesson 2.  1) All matter is made up of tiny particles.  2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The kinetic molecular theory is very useful in: explaining or describing the forces

between molecules and the energy that they possess

explaining the effects of thermal energy, temperature and pressure on matter.