unit 1: safety and dimensional analysis
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Unit 1: Safety and Dimensional Analysis. Table of Contents. 1. Laboratory Safety……………….Slides 5-12 2. Dimensional Analysis………..Slides 13-23. EOC Standards. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Unit 1: Safety and Dimensional Analysis
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1. Laboratory Safety……………….Slides 5-122. Dimensional Analysis………..Slides 13-23
Table of Contents
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C.1.A demonstrate safe practices during laboratory and field investigations, including the appropriate use of safety showers, eyewash fountains, safety goggles, and fire extinguishers
C.1.B know specific hazards of chemical substances such as flammability, corrosiveness, and radioactivity as summarized on the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
C.2.E plan and implement investigative procedures, including asking questions, formulating testable hypotheses, and selecting equipment and technology, including graphing calculators, computers and probes, sufficient scientific glassware such as beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks, pipettes, graduated cylinders, volumetric flasks, safety goggles, and burettes, electronic balances, and an adequate supply of consumable Chemicals
C.2.F collect data and make measurements with accuracy and precision
C.2.G express and manipulate chemical quantities using scientific conventions and mathematical procedures, including dimensional analysis, scientific notation, and significant figures
Scientific Process SkillsEOC Standards
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• Chemical Hazard Label• MSDS
LABORATORY SAFETY
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NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL
HEALTH
SPECIAL REACTIVITY(Stability)
FLAMMABILITYRED
BLUE YELLOW
WHITE
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Health HazardDescribe effects of
chemical exposure to body, symptoms and what do in a medical
emergency.
Specific HazardDescribes any
important specific Hazard, such the
chemical it is most reactive with.
Fire HazardDescribes how
easily a chemical can catch fire.
Reactivity HazardDescribes how
unstable a chemical can be when in contact
with another chemical or
solution.
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0LeastSerious
4Most
Serious
NFPA CHEMICAL RATINGS
1 04
40Flammable vapor which burns readily
Substance is stable
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NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL
Will not react when in contact
with other chemicals.
41 0
SASimple
Asphyxiant
Methane
Methane is nontoxic. It
can, however, reduce the amount of
oxygen in the air
necessary to support life.
Burns readily.
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C. Johannesson
NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL
Completed Label for Phosphine
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Possible Required Personal Protective Equipment
Chemical Hazards and Precautions
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MSDSMaterial Safety Data Sheet
On file for all purchased chemicals.
Includes all information shown on a chemical label and more.
Different formats are used by different chemical companies.
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Dimensional Analysis
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Dimensional analysis is a problem-solving method that uses the idea that any number or expression can be multiplied by one without changing its value.
Dimensional analysis is used to convert one unit of measurement to another unit of measurement using conversion factors.
These Conversion Factors are fixed and unchanging relationships.
I. What is Dimensional Analysis?
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II. Useful Conversions factors:
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III.How do you do Dimensional Analysis?
There are 5 Steps1. Start with what value is known,
proceed to the unknown.2. Draw the dimensional lines or fence (count the “jumps”).3. Insert the Conversion Factor.4. Cancel the units.5. Do the math, include units in answer.
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IV. How do you set up a problem?Using conversion factors and the following set up
we can jump from unit to unit in a breeze!
Box #1Write the value that needs to be
converted.
Box # 3One side of the
Conversion factor
Box #2Write a “1” in the
denominator
Box # 4One side of the
Conversion factor (same unit as in
box #1)
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V. Lets try Example #AHow many Slices there are in 7 Pizzas?
Given: 7 Pizzas Want: Slices
Conversion: 1 Pizza=8 Slices
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SolutionCheck your work…
7 Pizzas
18 Slices1 Pizza
= 56
Slices
1
Now do the Math! Multiply and divide by denominator.
Conversion factor
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Example B… How old are you in days?
Given: 17 yearsWant: # of days
Conversion: 365 days = one year
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SolutionCheck your work…
17 Years
1365 Days1 Year =
6056 Days
1
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Example C There are 2.54 cm in one inch.
How many inches are in 17.3 cm?
Given: 17.3 cmWant: # of inches
Conversion: 2.54 cm = one inch
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SolutionCheck your work…
17.3 cm1
1 in2.54 cm
= 6.81 in
1