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Reading for the Academic World 3 Word List

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Unit 1 What, When, and How: Vocabulary Learning Strategies

No. Check Word Part of Speech English Definition Definition

1 □ accompany v. to go along with as part of a pair or set

2 □ acquisition n. the act of acquiring or gaining possession

3 □ analyze v. to examine carefully to see the details of

4 □ approach n. the method used or steps taken in setting about a

task, problem, etc.

5 □ association n. the act of associating or state of being associated

6 □ component n. a constituent part; element; ingredient

7 □ confirm v. to check in order to make sure something is correct

8 □ connection n. the act or state of connecting

9 □ consult v. to refer to; to get help from

10 □ context n. a written or spoken statement that precede or follow

a specific word or passage

11 □ deliberate adj. with purpose; careful and thoughtful

12 □ elaborate v. to make more detailed; to expand

13 □ entry n. an item or statement recorded in a list

14 □ exceed v. to be above or beyond some limit

15 □ format n. a style or form in which something appears or is

made

16 □ implement v. to use; to make use of a suggested tool or plan

17 □ infer v. to guess about or judge something from given

evidence

18 □ input n. Input consists of information or resources that a

group or project receives.

19 □ interval n. a space of time

20 □ maximize v. to make as big or wide as possible

21 □ precede v. to come before

22 □ prefix n.

an affix placed before a word, base, or another prefix

to modify a term's meaning, as by making the term

negative

23 □ quotation n. a sentence or passage that is copied from another

source

24 □ repetition n. repeated utterance; reiteration

25 □ resource n. a thing or place where useful information can be

found

26 □ result v. to spring, arise, or proceed as a consequence of

actions, circumstances, premises, etc.

27 □ stem n. the underlying part of a word consisting of the word

root, prefixes, and/or suffixes

28 □ strengthen v. to make stronger

29 □ underlying adj. sub; below the surface

30 □ unmanageable adj. not able to be controlled or used effectively

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/associate

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/associate

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/connect



Unit 2 Look Closer, Think Again: Word Consciousness


1 □ acquire v. to get; to possess

2 □ aim n. a purpose; a goal

3 □ approximately adv. about; almost

4 □ attention n. observant care; consideration

5 □ attitude n. a belief about; a feeling toward

6 □ be (become)

aware of phr. to have knowledge or experience of a thing

7 □ capable adj. able; having the ability

8 □ chart n. a table that shows information in a graphic format

9 □ consciously adv. aware of one's own existence, sensations,

thoughts, surroundings, etc.

10 □ consciousness n. the state of knowing or being aware of something

11 □ core adj. central; main

12 □ examine v. to test the knowledge, reactions, or qualifications

of, as by questions or assigning tasks.

13 □ excite v. to arouse or stir up the emotions or feelings of

14 □ figurative adj. like a metaphor; representing by means of some

likeness

15 □ framework n. a structure or plan within which things fit or are

built

16 □ frequent adj. happening or occurring at short intervals

17 □ growth n. the act or process, or a manner of growing

18 □ illustrate v. to show through example; to give a picture of

19 □ implication n. an idea or information that is not stated but can

be assumed

20 □ involve v. to include as a necessary circumstance, condition,

or consequence

21 □ literal adj. actual; according to the strict meaning (of a word)

22 □ overlap v. to extend over and cover a part of; imbricate

23 □ permission n. the act of permitting

24 □ prior adj. before; previous

25 □ randomly adv. without any order

26 □ range n. the extent to which or the limits between which

variation is possible

27 □ sort v. to arrange according to sort, kind, or class

28 □ suffix n. Grammar. an affix that follows the element to

which it is added

29 □ ultimately adv. finally; in the end

30 □ variable adj. having some difference; not the same from one to

another

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/grow

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/permit



Unit 3 A Girl with a Vision: The Maid of Orleans


1 □ armor n. a suit of leather or metal that protects the body during

battle

2 □ assembly n. a large group of people who come together for a

reason

3 □ astonishment n. great surprise; amazement

4 □ avail n. effectiveness; use

5 □ commission n. an order or request to complete some task

6 □ consent v. to permit, approve, or agree

7 □ determine v. to settle or decide (a dispute, question, etc.) by an

authoritative or conclusive decision

8 □ domain n. all of the land under a king or government

9 □ duke n. a ruler of a small state within a country

10 □ explicit adj. clear and detailed

11 □ fame n. a widespread good reputation; a high opinion in the

eyes of others

12 □ fate n. something that unavoidably befalls a person; fortune

13 □ finance v. to pay for; to provide the money needed

14 □ governor n. a person who is in charge of a city, region, or state

15 □ heavenly adv. of or in the heavens

16 □ invoke v. to cause; to bring about

17 □ mature adj. fully grown; developed as an adult

18 □ modestly adv. in a humble way; showing respect and good manners

19 □ noble n. a person of high rank in society

20 □ peasant n. a poor person of low social status who works on the

land

21 □ persuade v. to prevail on (a person) to do something, as by

advising or urging

22 □ possession n. the state of being possessed

23 □ practitioner n. a person who works or acts in a way related to a job

or belief

24 □ remain v. to continue in the same state; continue to be as

specified

25 □ sex n. the biological structures making one male or female

26 □ splendid adj. grand; magnificent

27 □ submit v. to follow the order or rules given by a figure in

authority

28 □ successive adj. following in order, one after another

29 □ sum n. a total amount

30 □ vision n. a picture or scene that is like a dream and tells

something of the future



Unit 4 South American Empires: The Empire of the Incas


1 □ adequate adj. required or sufficient

2 □ administration n. the system by which an organization or government

is managed

3 □ chore n. a small or odd job; routine task

4 □ civilization n. any type of culture, society, etc., of a specific place,

time, or group

5 □ commoner n. a common person, as distinguished from one with

rank, status, etc.

6 □ conflict n. a fight; a battle

7 □ constant adj. not changing or varying; uniform

8 □ contribute v. to give to a common supply, fund, etc.

9 □ dominant adj. largest or strongest

10 □ earring n. an ornament or piece of jewelry worn on a person’s

ear

11 □ eke (out) v. to barely manage to continue; to support with

difficulty

12 □ enforcement n. the act of making someone obey a law or rule

13 □ expand v. to express in fuller form or greater detail; develop

14 □ expansion n. a state of becoming larger

15 □ extreme adj. of a character or kind farthest removed from the

ordinary or average

16 □ force n. strength or power exerted upon an object; physical

coercion; violence

17 □ foundation n. a base upon which something can be built

18 □ hierarchical adj. having levels of power or status

19 □ household n. the people of a house collectively

20 □ immediate adj. occurring or accomplished without delay

21 □ infrastructure n. the system of facilities inside a society for

transportation, communication, etc.

22 □ punishment n. the act of punishing

23 □ resistance n. the act or power of resisting, opposing, or

withstanding

24 □ reward n. something given or received in return or recompense

for service, merit, hardship, etc.

25 □ rigid adj. hard; without flexibility

26 □ sandwich v. to insert between two other things

27 □ smallpox n. a deadly disease caused by a virus that can pass

from person to person

28 □ solely adv. only; alone

29 □ toll n. the total amount of loss or damage from a calamity

30 □ unify v. to bring together into a single whole



Unit 5 The Study of the Seasons: As Spring Comes Early


1 □ annual adj. yearly

2 □ appearance n. the act or fact of appearing, as to the eye or mind or

before the public

3 □ assistant n. a person who supports or works under another person

4 □ concurrently adv. at the same time; for the same amount of time

5 □ decade n. a ten-year period

6 □ displacement n. the act of moving or putting something out of its

usual place

7 □ emphasize v. to say with stress or significance

8 □ exploitation n. the act of making something useful, productive, or

profitable

9 □ federal adj. of or related to the national government

10 □ fee n. the amount of money paid for some service

11 □ hatch v. to come out of an egg, as when a baby bird is born

12 □ implication n. the state of being implied

13 □ index v. to provide a list of signs, measurements, or indicators

14 □ indicator n. a measurement or value which gives you an idea of

what something is like

15 □ indices n. something used or serving to point out; a sign, token,

or indication

16 □ inhibit v. to limit or slow the growth of something

17 □ invasive adj. entering an area beyond one’s natural home and

causing harm to native species

18 □ leaf v. to put forth leaves

19 □ manual adj. requiring human effort; physical

20 □ migration n. the movement of animals from one region to another

for feeding or breeding

21 □ mismatch n. a bad match; a connection that is not suitable

22 □ onset n. the beginning; the start

23 □ parallel v. to occur at the same time or at the same rate

24 □ phenology n. the study of recurring phenomena, such as animal

migration, esp. as influenced by climatic conditions

25 □ pollinate v. to carry the fertilizing element from plant to plant for

reproduction

26 □ presumption n. an idea that is believed to be true without proof

27 □ problematic adj. of the nature of a problem; doubtful

28 □ sensitive adj. easily affected by things that are near or in the

environment

29 □ unpredictably adv. not able to be guessed; without an understandable

pattern

30 □ variable n. something that may or does vary or change

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/problem



Unit 6 Global Warming and the Environment: The Global Issue of Climate Change


1 □ acknowledge v. to admit the existence of; to accept

2 □ agreement n. the act of agreeing

3 □ algae n. a simple plant-like organism that grows

in water

4 □ benefit v. to derive benefit or advantage; profit

5 □ biological adj. pertaining to biology

6 □ commitment n. dedication to a cause or activity

7 □ conference n. a formal meeting for discussion among

professionals

8 □ contribution n. the act of contributing

9 □ coral reef phr.

a reef composed mainly of coral and

other organic matter of which parts have

solidified into limestone.

10 □ decade n. a period of ten years

11 □ delicate adj. easily damaged; fragile

12 □ disrupt v. to cause disorder or turmoil in

13 □ domestic adj. occurring within a particular country

14 □ ecosystem n.

the whole group of living and nonliving

things that make up an environment and

affect each other

15 □ emission n. an act or instance of emitting

16 □ guarantee v. to make a formal agreement or promise

17 □ intervention n. the act of coming between something to

change the course of events

18 □ legislation n. laws

19 □ notwithstanding prep. in spite of

20 □ organism n. an individual living thing

21 □ partnership n. the act of working together

22 □ permanent adj. lasting or continuing forever; unchanging

23 □ pollutant n. something that pollutes

24 □ reluctant adj. unwilling; disinclined

25 □ sensitive adj. easily affected or damaged by something

26 □ seriousness n. the seriousness of the crisis

27 □ straightforward adj. simple; easy to understand

28 □ temperature n. The temperature of something is a

measure of how hot or cold it is

29 □ unaffected adj. free from affectation; sincere

30 □ widespread adj. over a large area



Unit 7 What We Remember, What We Forget: Memory and Brain Training


1 □ accumulate v. to gather or build up

2 □ aggregate n. a total sum; a collected amount

3 □ audio adj. related to sound; made for listening

4 □ capability n. an ability; the quality of being able to do or

accomplish

5 □ circumstance n. an incident or occurrence

6 □ conscious adj. aware of one's own existence, sensations,

thoughts, surroundings, etc.

7 □ decline v. to become less or weaker; to decrease

8 □ device n. something made for a particular purpose

9 □ duration n. the time during which something continues

10 □ equation n. an expression in math or science showing

how one thing equals another

11 □ essential adj. absolutely necessary; indispensable

12 □ file v. to classify or organize

13 □ finite adj. having limits or bounds

14 □ indefinite adj. not definite; without fixed or specified limit;

unlimited

15 □ maximum adj. as great or high as possible

16 □ memorize v. to commit to memory; learn by heart

17 □ mnemonic adj. helping one’s memory; related to memory

18 □ multi-task v. to do more than one job at the same time

19 □ name tag n. a badge or sticker to wear that shows a

person’s name

20 □ nevertheless adv. in spite of that; however

21 □ prompt v. to move or induce to action

22 □ readily adv. promptly; quickly; easily

23 □ remind v. to cause (a person) to remember; cause (a

person) to think (of someone or something):

24 □ reminder n. a person or thing that serves to remind.

25 □ retrieve v. to recall; to find and bring back

26 □ sense n. an ability to see, hear, feel, taste, or smell

27 □ session n. a period of time spent together; an assembly

of people meeting to do something

28 □ store v. to take in or hold supplies, goods, or articles,

as for future use

29 □ via prep. by way of

30 □ whereas conj. while on the contrary

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/remind



Unit 8 What’s So Funny?: The Village That Couldn’t Stop Laughing


1 □ adjacent adj. beside; just across from

2 □ albeit conj. even though

3 □ amusing adj. funny; entertaining

4 □ anticipate v. to think or imagine something would happen

5 □ boarding

school n.

a school where students live, eat, and sleep

all week or all term

6 □ coincide v. to match; to have a connection in nature,

place, or time

7 □ collapse v. to fall down due to weakness; to faint

8 □ commence v. to begin

9 □ contagious adj. able to spread easily from person to person,

like a disease

10 □ contract v. to catch (a disease)

11 □ devastating adj. very terrible; powerful enough to completely

destroy other things

12 □ diminish v. to become less

13 □ epidemic adj. extremely prevalent; widespread

14 □ ethnic adj. related to a certain race or group of people

15 □ hysterical adj. of, relating to, or characterized by hysteria

16 □ immune adj. unable to catch some disease

17 □ infect v. to affect with disease

18 □ outbreak n. a sudden occurrence; an eruption

19 □ persistent adj. continuing beyond what is expected

20 □ preach v. to explain the beliefs of a religion

21 □ quarantine n. a strict isolation of an area to prevent the

spread of a health problem

22 □ resident n. someone who lives in a particular place

23 □ respite n. a short time of rest or quiet

24 □ restlessness n. not being able to rest or stay still

25 □ reveal v. to make known; disclose; divulge

26 □ stressor n. an activity, event, or other stimulus that

causes stress.

27 □ surrounding adj. being the environment or adjacent area

28 □ symptom n. a sign of a disease

29 □ temporary adj. not permanent

30 □ trigger n.

anything, as an act or event, that serves as a

stimulus and initiates or precipitates a

reaction or series of reactions

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/stress



Unit 9 The Works of Shakespeare: Shakespeare’s Tragic Plays


1 □ alter v. to change

2 □ ambition n. a strong drive for success

3 □ assessment n. the evaluation or judgment of someone or

something

4 □ beheading n. the act of cutting off a person’s head

5 □ climax n. the height of the action or decisive moment in

a story

6 □ commitment n. a pledge or promise; obligation

7 □ conversely adv. on the other hand

8 □ exemplify v. to show or illustrate by example

9 □ expectation n. a belief in or wish for a certain future result

10 □ flaw n. a weakness in a person’s character; a defect

11 □ forbidden adj. not allowed

12 □ inevitable adj. not able to be avoided; sure to happen

13 □ jealousy n. a feeling of wanting what another has; envy

14 □ mutual adj. relating to each of two or more

15 □ opportune adj. appropriate, favorable, or suitable

16 □ option n. a choice or alternative

17 □ passive adj. allowing something to happen without giving a

response

18 □ philosophical adj. relating to the study of knowledge

19 □ portray v. to represent through words and actions

20 □ portrayal n. the act of portraying

21 □ prohibited adj. banned or forbidden

22 □ prospect n. the outlook for the future

23 □ reluctant adj. unwilling or hesitant

24 □ revenge n. actions that one takes in return for some injury

or offense

25 □ so-called adj. often said but perhaps inappropriately named

26 □ sophisticated adj.

pleasing or satisfactory to the tastes of

sophisticates, or people who are educated,

cultured, and worldly-wise

27 □ suspense n. a state of mental indecision

28 □ tragedy n. a story in which the hero faces great loss in the

end, usually death

29 □ unsatisfied adj. not getting an expected or suitable end

30 □ worthy adj. having value or merit



Unit 10 Literature Then and Now: What Is Literature?


1 □ abstract adj. existing as an idea; not physical

2 □ arbitrary adj. based on random choice

3 □ civilization n. any type of culture, society, etc., of a specific

place, time, or group

4 □ comprehensive adj. complete

5 □ convention n. a way in which something is usually done

6 □ dimension n. a length of reach or extension in a given direction

7 □ dramatically adv. From that point, the idea of what could be written

about changed dramatically.

8 □ emerge v. to appear or become known

9 □ entertainment n. the act of entertaining; agreeable occupation for

the mind

10 □ epic adj. telling a story about a hero or exciting events and

adventures

11 □ equivalent adj. equal in value or function

12 □ excluded adj. to shut out from consideration, privilege, etc.

13 □ forthcoming adj. upcoming

14 □ fundamental adj. being an original or primary source

15 □ genre n. genus; kind; sort; style

16 □ incredible adj. not credible; hard to believe; unbelievable

17 □ instructional adj.

Instructional books or films are meant to teach

people something or to offer them help with a

particular problem.

18 □ merit n. claim to respect and praise; excellence

19 □ metered adj. arranged according to the sounds in poetry

20 □ myth n. stories or matter of this kind

21 □ objective adj. expressing or dealing with facts without personal

feeling or interpretation

22 □ organically adv. in a natural and unplanned way

23 □ paradigm n. a model or example

24 □ poetic adj. possessing the qualities or charm of poetry

25 □ religious adj. of, relating to, or concerned with religion

26 □ sacred adj. holy; worthy of worship

27 □ scenario n. a sequence of events

28 □ somewhat adv. to a moderate extent

29 □ superior adj. above the average in excellence, merit,

intelligence, etc.

30 □ transmission n. the act of giving or passing to others



Unit 11 Medical Disasters: Pandemics


1 □ analogous adj. having similar functions; the same as

2 □ combine v. to bring into or join in a close union or whole

3 □ coordination n. the act of working together toward the same

end

4 □ disaster n. a very bad accident such as an earthquake or a

plane crash

5 □ entity n. a being; a living thing

6 □ exposure n. the act of exposing, laying open, or uncovering

7 □ feature v. to make a feature of; give prominence to

8 □ flea n. a very small jumping insect that feeds on the

blood of animals and humans

9 □ flu n. influenza

10 □ genetic adj. Biology. pertaining or according to genetics

11 □ highlight v. to point out; to clearly show

12 □ infect v. to pass a disease to a person, animal, or plant

13 □ infection n. a disease in a part of the body caused by

bacteria or a virus

14 □ infectious adj. able to be easily passed from person to person

15 □ initiate v. to begin

16 □ intrinsic adj. belonging to a thing by its nature

17 □ mechanism n. a means by which an effect is produced; a

device

18 □ mode n. a way; a method

19 □ offset v. to balance or act against in the opposite way

20 □ outbreak n. a sudden breaking out or occurrence; eruption

21 □ pandemic adj. (of a disease) prevalent throughout an entire

country, continent, or the whole world

22 □ precedence n. the right to precede in order, rank, or

importance; priority

23 □ reject v. to not have or take; to cast off or out

24 □ replicate v. to make an exact copy of; to reproduce

25 □ scope n. a range; a length or measure

26 □ sequence n. the following of one thing after another

27 □ sustain v. to keep up or keep going, as an action or

process

28 □ sustainable adj. able to continue; possible to be used again and

again

29 □ transmission n. the act or process of transmitting

30 □ version n. a particular form or variant of something



Unit 12 Apps for Better Health: The Good, the Bad, the Medical App


1 □ accurate adj. consistent with a standard, rule, or model;

precise

2 □ advanced adj. placed ahead or forward

3 □ app n. a computer program designed for a particular

purpose

4 □ approve v. to officially accept or agree to something

5 □ conclusion n. the final part of an argument or passage

6 □ convenient adj. at hand; easily accessible

7 □ depend on phr. to rely; place trust

8 □ detection n. the fact of being detected

9 □ discretion n. judgment or responsibility

10 □ empirical adj. based on experience or experiment

11 □ hand in hand phr. holding each other's hand, usually as a sign of

affection

12 □ impact v. to have an impact or effect

13 □ inaccurate adj. not correct or exact

14 □ integrity n. the quality of being honest or sincere

15 □ ministry n. a department under a government’s

administration

16 □ mobile adj. able to be moved from one place to another

17 □ monitor n. a device that regularly tests something

18 □ objective n. goal or aim

19 □ qualified adj. modified, limited, or restricted in some way

20 □ Questionable adj. of doubtful propriety, honesty, morality,

respectability, etc.

21 □ recovery n. the process of becoming healthy after an

illness

22 □ reminder n. a person or thing that serves to remind.

23 □ self-

diagnose v.

to make a judgement as to one’s own health

(or lack of)

24 □ statistics n. the science of analyzing numbers

25 □ substitution n. the act of replacing someone or something

with another

26 □ symptom n. a physical or mental change caused by a

disease

27 □ technical adj. designed for use in a particular field of science

28 □ thermometer n. a device used for measuring temperature

29 □ unwarranted adj. without good reason

30 □ utility n. usefulness; the capacity for use

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/remind



Unit 13 Artist and Activist: War and Poverty: The Art of Kathe Kollwitz


1 □ academy n. a school that provides special training

2 □ advocate n. a person who speaks for another

3 □ bombing n. the act of dropping explosives from an airplane

4 □ compound v. to add something bad so as to make a situation

worse

5 □ concentration n. a large number of something in one place

6 □ confinement n. the state of being held in some place like a prison

7 □ contemporary adj. of the present time; modern

8 □ criticism n. the act of finding fault or judging the bad points

of something

9 □ disappointment n. the act or fact of disappointing

10 □ distinction n. a characteristic that indicates a difference between

groups

11 □ drafter n. a person whose job is drawing, sketching, or

designing

12 □ expressionism n. art in which colors and shapes are exaggerated for

emotional impact

13 □ funds n. money

14 □ inspiration n. an inspiring or animating action or influence

15 □ medium n. material or method used by an artist

16 □ naturalistic adj. pertaining to naturalists or natural history

17 □ oeuvre n. a key work or collection of important works of an

artist

18 □ oppression n. the act of using one’s power to control others or

make others suffer

19 □ pastor n. a religious leader in a Protestant church

20 □ peasant n. a farm worker or owner of a small farm; a lower-

class person

21 □ phase n. a period of time during a process of change

22 □ poverty n. condition of being poor

23 □ predominantly adv. especially; largely; mostly

24 □ revolutionary n. someone who causes or supports great change,

especially political

25 □ socialist n.

a person who follows the political system in which

land and businesses are owned and equally shared

by all people

26 □ sphere n. a field or environment in which a person works

27 □ starving adj. dying from not having enough food

28 □ symbolic adj. representing an idea or a different thing

29 □ widow n. a woman whose husband has died

30 □ worldview n. Weltanschauung

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/weltanschauung



Unit 14 A Question of Art: Graffiti Worthy of Galleries


1 □ arrest v. to seize (a person) by legal authority or warrant

2 □ attention n. observant care; consideration

3 □ auction n. a public sale at which things are sold to the

person who offers to pay the most

4 □ coincide v. to occupy the same place in space, the same

point or period in time

5 □ concept n. a general notion or idea

6 □ contradiction n. a statement or situation that seems opposite

7 □ crime n. any offense, serious wrongdoing, or sin

8 □ declare v. to officially make known

9 □ destruction n. the act of destroying

10 □ dumpster n. a large trash container

11 □ erosion n. the gradual wearing away of something

12 □ external adj. of or on the outside

13 □ installation n. a work of art that has several parts and is shown

in a public place

14 □ mainstream n. thoughts, beliefs, and choices that are accepted

by the largest number of people

15 □ orientation n. a person’s basic attitude or feelings toward

something

16 □ panel n. one section of something made from many

squares or rectangles

17 □ protest n. an action expressing disapproval to something

18 □ qualitative adj. relating to how good something is

19 □ restore v. to return something to its original condition

20 □ revise v. to reconsider

21 □ ruin n. ruins, the remains of a building, city, etc.

22 □ scheme n. a large-scale project or plan

23 □ secretive adj. having or showing a disposition to secrecy;

reticent

24 □ sector n. area

25 □ slogan n. a word or phrase used to express a position

26 □ spell n. a word, phrase, or form of words supposed to

have magic power

27 □ spray v. to blow a liquid, such as paint, onto something

28 □ surface n. the outer face, outside, or exterior boundary of a

thing

29 □ transformation n. a dramatic change

30 □ uniform adj. consistent

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/secrecy



Unit 15 The Internet for Business or Pleasure?: Employee Internet Management


1 □ abandon v. to give up completely

2 □ appreciate v. to value or regard highly; place a high estimate

on

3 □ code n. a set of rules and standards

4 □ colleague n. a fellow worker

5 □ consequence n. the effect, result, or outcome of something

occurring earlier

6 □ convenience n. the quality of being convenient; suitability

7 □ corporate adj. relating to a corporation or large company

8 □ defense n. protection; the ability to resist attack

9 □ distracted adj. having the attention diverted

10 □ employee n. a person working for another person or a

business firm for pay

11 □ Essentially adv. pertaining to or constituting the essence of a

thing

12 □ face-to-face phr. with the fronts or faces toward each other,

especially when close together

13 □ indicate v. to be a sign of; betoken; evidence; show

14 □ keystroke n. the act of pressing a key on a computer keyboard

15 □ maximize v. to represent at the highest possible estimate;

magnify

16 □ misuse n. the act of using something in the wrong way

17 □ overbearing adj. acting like a dictator; ruling like a tyrant

18 □ prime adj. best-quality or excellent

19 □ productivity n. the state of working to create goods; the act of

producing

20 □ protocol n. procedure or system of rules

21 □ refined adj. developed or improved

22 □ relay v. to pass along; to communicate

23 □ restrict v. to limit; to control access or use

24 □ survey n. a questionnaire intended to gather specific

information

25 □ terminate v. to fire or dismiss someone from a job

26 □ thereby adv. as a result of that

27 □ violation n. the act of breaking something, such as a rule or

law

28 □ whereby adv. by which

29 □ widespread adj. spread over or open, or occupying a wide space

30 □ workplace n. a person's place of employment



Unit 16 To Study Business or Economics: The Right Degree for the Right Path


1 □ allocate v. to assign or set aside for a specific purpose

2 □ auditor n. a person who researches accounting records of

businesses to make sure they are correct

3 □ broad adj. wide; varied

4 □ bulk n. a large quantity or amount

5 □ candidate n. a person who seeks an office, honor, etc.

6 □ cooperative adj. helping each other toward a common goal

7 □ detail-

oriented phr. detail-oriented tasks

8 □ differentiate v. to determine what makes something different

from another

9 □ domestically adv. within one’s own country

10 □ formula n. a mathematical relationship

11 □ gear v. to provide with gear; supply; equip

12 □ hands-on phr. requiring manual operation, control,

adjustment, or the like

13 □ leadership n. the ability to guide others

14 □ lecture n. a lesson or talk intended to teach something

15 □ liberal adj. broad or general

16 □ major n. a student’s primary course of study in university

17 □ obtain v. to get something

18 □ overseas adv. in a foreign country—usually across the ocean

19 □ overwhelming adj. huge; far above

20 □ payroll n. a list of how much each employee should be

paid

21 □ peer n. a person who is equal in rank or social position

22 □ potential adj. capable of being or becoming

23 □ principal adj. main or primary

24 □ research-

oriented phr. research-oriented tasks

25 □ revenue n. income

26 □ seminar n. a special university class focused on advanced

study and research in a major

27 □ sociology n. the study of the origin and development of

human societies

28 □ statistics n. the numerical facts or data themselves

29 □ trend n. the general course or prevailing tendency; drift

30 □ ultimate adj. last; ending a process or series

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