unit 2 periodic table, chemical formulas, nomenclature, simple reactions, balancing reactions
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit 2Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions
![Page 2: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Periodic Table
![Page 3: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Nomenclature: Molecular Compounds
Most are named by rules of Organic Chemistry
Simple Molecular compounds tend to be Binary nonmetallic
Use standard prefixes
2 kinds of elements
On the Right side of the periodic table
→ →
![Page 4: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Nomenclature: Ionic Compounds
(–) ion(+) ion
![Page 5: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Nomenclature: Simple Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SESHH
–1
–2+2+
1 –3
–4
+3
+4
+ 5
![Page 6: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Nomenclature: Ionic Compounds
Polyatomic ions may be involved… Let’s look at those…
A list appears in the appendix of your lab manual.
![Page 7: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
Cl
F
Br
I
![Page 8: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
Cl
F
Br
I
–1
–1
–1
–1
![Page 9: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
Cl
F
Br
I
Per ate - +1 oxygen ate - Most common ite - –1 oxygenHypo ite - –2 oxygens
![Page 10: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
ClO3–1
FO3–1
BrO3–1
IO3–1
Per ate - +1 oxygen ate - Most common ite - –1 oxygenHypo ite - –2 oxygens
![Page 11: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
ClO4–1
FO4–1
BrO4–1
IO4–1
Per ate - +1 oxygen ate - Most common ite - –1 oxygenHypo ite - –2 oxygens
![Page 12: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
ClO2–1
FO2–1
BrO2–1
IO2–1
Per ate - +1 oxygen ate - Most common ite - –1 oxygenHypo ite - –2 oxygens
![Page 13: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
ClO–1
FO–1
BrO–1
IO–1
Per ate - +1 oxygen ate - Most common ite - –1 oxygenHypo ite - –2 oxygens
![Page 14: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
S
O
Se
Te
![Page 15: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
S–2
O–2
Se–2
Te–2
![Page 16: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
SO4–2
O
SeO4–
2
TeO4–
2
The -ates
![Page 17: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
P
N
As
![Page 18: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
P–3
N–3
As–3
![Page 19: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
PO4–3
NO3–1
AsO4–
3
The -ates
![Page 20: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
Si
C
![Page 21: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
Si–4
C–4
![Page 22: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
SiO3–2
CO3–2The -ates
![Page 23: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
B
![Page 24: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
B+3
Yikes!
![Page 25: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Nomenclature: Polyatomic Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
NO
BLE
GA
SES
BO3–3The -ates
![Page 26: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Nomenclature: Ionic Compounds
On occasion, ionic compounds may exist as a hydrate.
A hydrate is when one or more water molecules (H2O) connect to a solid ionic compound.
Barium hydroxide octahydrate –
ZnCl2•6 H2O –
Ba(OH)2 • 8 H2OZinc chloride hexahydrate
![Page 27: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Nomenclature: Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds with transition metal ions – those that have multiple valences.
![Page 28: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
This area!
![Page 29: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
+1+2+3+4 +5 +1+2+3+4
+5+1+2+3+4
+1+2+3+4 +5+6
+3
+3
Notice the patternsLeft to right
AndRight to left
![Page 30: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
+1+2+3+4 +5 +1+2+3+4
+5+1+2+3+4
+1+2+3+4 +5+6
+3
+3+4
+3+5
+3+3+3 +3+3+3
What goes here?
![Page 31: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
+1+2+3 +1+2+3+4
+5+1+2+3+4
+1+2+3+4 +5+6
+3
+3+4
+3+5
+3+3+3 +3+3+3+3+2
+3+2
+3+2
+3+2
+3+2
![Page 32: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
+1+2+3 +1+2+3+4
+1+2+3
+1+2+3
+4
+4
+5
+5+6
+3
+3+4
+3+5
+3+3
+2+3
+2+3
+2+3
+2+3
+2+2
+1
+3+1
+4+2
+4+2
+5+3
+5+3
![Page 33: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Find patterns on the periodic table:
+1+2+3 +2+3+4
+1+2+3
+2 +3 +6
+3
+3+4
+3+5
+3+3
+2+3
+2+3
+2+3
+2+3
+2+2
+1
+3+1
+4+2
+4+2
+5+3
+5+3
mercury(I) = Hg2
+2
mercury(II) = Hg+2
![Page 34: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Stock system – Use a Roman numeral for the ionic charge (valence)
![Page 35: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Traditional system – Use the Latin roots with –ic or –ous endings.
mercur-
cobalt-
cupr-
ferr-
stann-
plumb-
aur-
![Page 36: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Nomenclature: Transition Metal Ions
Traditional system – –ic ending
Considered the most common charge of the ions
–ous endingConsidered the second most common charge of the ions
Based on the trends shown on the periodic table, the most common charge is the highest charge listed; the second most common charges is the lower charge listed.
![Page 37: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Nomenclature: Acid Compounds
Binary AcidsContain only hydrogen (H+) and one other element – a nonmetal
These are named with ‘hydro’ ‘ic acid’
![Page 38: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Nomenclature: Acid Compounds
Ternary Acids (oxyacids)– Contain hydrogen and a polyatomic ion (a
oxyradical) that either ends in –ate or –ite.• -ate goes to –ic• -ite goes to –ous• Ponder gum… “If you ate it it is icky; but if
you bite it, it is delicious.”
![Page 39: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Nomenclature: Practice
1. Decide which of the following are expected to be ionic and which are expected to be molecular:a) KF
b) N2O5
c) SiCl4
2. What is the formula of magnesium nitride?
3. What is the formula of calcium phosphate?
ioniccovalentcovalent
Mg3N2
Ca3(PO4)2
![Page 40: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Nomenclature: Practice
4. Give the formula of carbon disulfide.
5. Give the formula of dinitrogen tetrafluoride.
6. Calcium chloride hexahydrate is used to melt snow from roads. What is the formula of this compound?
CS2
N2F4
CaCl2•6 H2O
![Page 41: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Nomenclature: Practice
7. Name BaO.
8. Name Cr2(SO4)3.
9. Name OF2.
10.Name S4N4.
11.Bromine has an oxyacid HBrO2, whose name is bromous acid. What is the name and formula for the corresponding ion?
chromium(III) sulfate
barium oxide
oxygen difluoride
tetrasulfur tetranitride
BrO2–1 = bromite
![Page 42: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Nomenclature: Practice
12.Name HIO.
13.Name H3PO4.
14.A compound whose common name is green vitriol has the chemical formula FeSO4•7 H2O. What is the chemical name of this compound?
hypoiodous acid
phosphoric acid
iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate
![Page 43: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
General Reactions
• Synthesis– Two elements makes a Binary compound
• Fe + O2 Fe2O3
– Two oxides makes a Ternary compound• Metal oxide + water makes metal hydroxide
– BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2
• Nonmetal oxide + water makes acid
– N2O5 + H2O HNO3
• Metal oxide + Nonmetal oxide makes ternary compound
– BaO + N2O5 Ba(NO3)2
→
→
→
→
![Page 44: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
General Reactions
• Notice the ions are staying the same!!!– Oxygen is O–2
– Barium is Ba+2
– Hydroxide is OH–1
– Nitrate is NO3–1 and familiar
![Page 45: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
General Reactions
• Decomposition (the opposite of synthesis)– Binary compound will make two elements– Metal hydroxide makes metal oxide and water– Ternary acid makes nonmetal oxide and water– Ternary compound (many) makes nonmetal oxide
and metal oxide.• One of the most common is that of a metal
carbonate:
• MgCO3 MgO + CO2
– Metal chlorate makes metal chloride and oxygen gas
• Ba(ClO3)2 BaCl2 + O2
→
→
![Page 46: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
General Reactions
• Single Replacement– A metallic element + a compound switches
the positive ions.
• MgCO3 + Li Li2CO3 + Mg
– A nonmetallic element (usually a halogen) + a compound switches the negative ions.
• Cl2 + FeBr3 FeCl3 + Br2
→
→
![Page 47: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
General Reactions
• Double Replacement– Positive ions and Negative ions switch
positions.– Take time to identify these ions.
• MgCO3 + Sn(ClO3)4
→
Mg+2 CO3–2 Sn+4 ClO3
–1
Sn(CO3)2 Mg(ClO3)2+
![Page 48: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
General Reactions
• Double Replacement– Try another
• Sb(OH)3 + Zn3P2→
Sb+3 OH–1 Zn+2 P–3
SbP + Zn(OH)2
![Page 49: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
General Reactions
• Combustion– Typically a hydrocarbon burns in the
presence of oxygen to create water and carbon dioxide• Hydrocarbons are made of –• On occasion, they include oxygen, as
well. • CH4 + O2
• C2H5OH + O2
→ CO2 + H2O
hydrogen + carbon
→ CO2 + H2O
![Page 50: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
General Reactions
• Acid-Carbonate– There must be an acid and a metal
carbonate – check for these BEFORE presuming double replacement.
– These will create water, carbon dioxide, and an ionic salt.• Li2CO3 + HNO2→ CO2 + H2O
Li+1 CO3–2 H+1 NO2
–1
+ LiNO2
![Page 51: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Balancing Reactions• Based on the Law of Conservation, is present
must be preserved. In other words, whatever happens to the reactants must occur to the products.– Choose a chemical – insert a coefficient
(multiplier) in front of it. Never change the subscripts!
– Treat ions (radicals) that appear on both sides as single chunks.
– ½’s can be used for diatomic elements.– It is helpful to think of water as HOH, rather
than H2O.
![Page 52: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Balancing Reactions• Whatever happens to the reactants must occur to the
products.• Choose a chemical – insert a coefficient (multiplier) in
front of it. Never change the subscripts!• Treat ions (radicals) that appear on both sides as single
chunks.• ½’s can be used for diatomic elements.• It is helpful to think of water as HOH, rather than H2O.
MgCO3 + Sn(ClO3)4 Mg(ClO3)2 + Sn(CO3)2
→ 2 1 2 1
![Page 53: Unit 2 Periodic Table, Chemical Formulas, Nomenclature, Simple Reactions, Balancing Reactions](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649c4e5503460f948f3cab/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Balancing Reactions• Whatever happens to the reactants must occur to the
products.• Choose a chemical – insert a coefficient (multiplier) in
front of it. Never change the subscripts!• Treat ions (radicals) that appear on both sides as single
chunks.• ½’s can be used for diatomic elements.• It is helpful to think of water as HOH, rather than H2O.
C4H8OH + O2 CO2 + H2O→ 1 23/2
8 ? 2 9
4 C4H8OH + 23 O2 16 CO2 + 18 H2O
→