Unit 2 Unit 2

The Teddy Stoddard StoryThe Teddy Stoddard Story

Pre-reading questions:Pre-reading questions:

1 1 What qualifications What qualifications do you do you expect of a good teacher?expect of a good teacher?

(http://www.uwec.edu/Career/(http://www.uwec.edu/Career/Students/jobsearch/teachers/Students/jobsearch/teachers/teacherqualities.htm)teacherqualities.htm)

Fair—pay equal attention—Fair—pay equal attention—ready to praise and ready to praise and encouragement –motivate the encouragement –motivate the studentsstudents

Structure AnalysisStructure Analysis

Part One (para1-5)Part One (para1-5) Part Two (para6-8)Part Two (para6-8) Part Three (para9- 12)Part Three (para9- 12) Part Four (para13-14) Part Four (para13-14) Part Five (para15-20)Part Five (para15-20)

Structure AnalysisStructure Analysis Part One (para1-5)Part One (para1-5) Mrs. Thompson’s general impression about Mrs. Thompson’s general impression about

Teddy from her observation.Teddy from her observation. Part Two (para6-8)Shows us Teddy’s Part Two (para6-8)Shows us Teddy’s

records.records. Part Three (para9- 12)the turning point, Part Three (para9- 12)the turning point,

describe how Teddy’s Christmas present describe how Teddy’s Christmas present moved the teacher.moved the teacher.

Part Four (para13-14) Mrs. Thompson’s Part Four (para13-14) Mrs. Thompson’s special care and encouragement to Teddy.special care and encouragement to Teddy.

Part Five (para15-20)presents 5 successive Part Five (para15-20)presents 5 successive notes by Teddy at important stages of his notes by Teddy at important stages of his study and life.study and life.

Part One General Impression Part One General Impression

Questions: Questions: 1 What lie does Mrs. Thompson 1 What lie does Mrs. Thompson

tell her students?tell her students? 2 Why did Mrs Thompson take 2 Why did Mrs Thompson take

delight in marking Teddy’s delight in marking Teddy’s papers?papers?

Answers to the questions: Answers to the questions: 1 Mrs Thompson promises to love all 1 Mrs Thompson promises to love all

the students the same, and treat the students the same, and treat them all alike, but as is proved later, them all alike, but as is proved later, it is not true. She does not like Teddy it is not true. She does not like Teddy at first, but she soon gives particular at first, but she soon gives particular care and attention to him.care and attention to him.

2 Because what Teddy had written 2 Because what Teddy had written on his papers was invariably wrong on his papers was invariably wrong and the only things Mrs. Thompson and the only things Mrs. Thompson needed to write X’s and F, for Mrs. T needed to write X’s and F, for Mrs. T this easiness was a kind of delight.this easiness was a kind of delight.

Language pointsLanguage points 1 You never can tell what type of 1 You never can tell what type of impactimpact you may you may

make on another’s life by your actions or make on another’s life by your actions or lack oflack of actions:actions:

You can not imagine what kind of impact you may You can not imagine what kind of impact you may on another’s life because of your actions or lack of on another’s life because of your actions or lack of action.action.

1) impact: (n.): influence, effort1) impact: (n.): influence, effort to have impact to have impact onon sb sb The anti-smoking campaign had made quite an impThe anti-smoking campaign had made quite an imp

act on young people.act on young people. (v.) influence(v.) influence Falling export rates have impacted on the country’Falling export rates have impacted on the country’

s economy quite considerably.s economy quite considerably.

2) Lack (n.) shortage 2) Lack (n.) shortage lack oflack of : absence or less than enough of : absence or less than enough of Lack of sleep had made him irritable.Lack of sleep had made him irritable. 易怒的易怒的 , , 急躁急躁

的 的 The building was never finished because of a lack of The building was never finished because of a lack of

money.money. At a height of 25,000 feet, the lack of oxygen causes At a height of 25,000 feet, the lack of oxygen causes

dizziness and headaches.dizziness and headaches. (vt.) to not have or to not have enough of sth (vt.) to not have or to not have enough of sth He lacks common sense.He lacks common sense. Their actions lack consistency; they say one thing and Their actions lack consistency; they say one thing and

do otherdo other 3) 3) you never can tell/ you can never tellyou never can tell/ you can never tell:: you can never you can never

know or be certain.know or be certain. Who knows what will happen to Peter and me in the fuWho knows what will happen to Peter and me in the fu

ture– you can never tell. ture– you can never tell.

22Consider Consider this fact in your this fact in your ventureventure through life.: through life.: Remember this fact when you venture through Remember this fact when you venture through

life.life. 1)consider (v.): to give attention to 1)consider (v.): to give attention to You should consider the time factor when You should consider the time factor when

planning the whole project.planning the whole project. 2)venture (n.) : an activity or undertaking 2)venture (n.) : an activity or undertaking

involving risk or uncertaintyinvolving risk or uncertainty A commercial ventureA commercial venture The two companies have embarked on a joint The two companies have embarked on a joint

venture to produce cars in America.venture to produce cars in America. (v.) to risk going somewhere or doing sth that (v.) to risk going somewhere or doing sth that

might be dangerous or unpleasant.might be dangerous or unpleasant. Nothing ventured , nothing gained.Nothing ventured , nothing gained.

3 Jean Thompson stood in front of her fifth-grade 3 Jean Thompson stood in front of her fifth-grade class on the very first day of school in the fall and class on the very first day of school in the fall and told the children a lie:told the children a lie:

Exactly on the first day of school in the autumn, Exactly on the first day of school in the autumn, Jean stood before the students and lied to them.Jean stood before the students and lied to them.

1) 1) tell a lietell a lie: to deliberately say sth that is not true: to deliberately say sth that is not true Whenever she told a lie, she felt guilty afterwards.Whenever she told a lie, she felt guilty afterwards. I knew that he was telling a lie when he said loved I knew that he was telling a lie when he said loved

me more than anyone else in the world.me more than anyone else in the world. 2)2)fall fall (n.) autumn(n.) autumn I first met him three years ago in the fall.I first met him three years ago in the fall.

4 . 4 . Like Like most teachers, she looked at most teachers, she looked at her pupils and said she loved them her pupils and said she loved them all the sameall the same. That she would treat . That she would treat them all them all alike.alike.

: As most teachers would do, she : As most teachers would do, she looked at her pupils and said she looked at her pupils and said she could treat them all alike.could treat them all alike.

1) all the same : having no difference1) all the same : having no difference I do not care whether we go or not—it I do not care whether we go or not—it

is all the same to me.is all the same to me.

2) like2) like a) prep. In the same way or manners, a) prep. In the same way or manners,

asas be/look likebe/look like He looks like his brother.He looks like his brother. b) a. similar to The twins are as like b) a. similar to The twins are as like

as two peas in a pod.as two peas in a pod. 豆荚豆荚 c) v.c) v... to enjoy or approve of sth to enjoy or approve of sth like ( to do ) / doing sthlike ( to do ) / doing sth I like your new hairstyle.I like your new hairstyle.

3) 3) alikealike ad.& a. similar ; like each other ad.& a. similar ; like each other 1) adv.1) adv. in the same manner or to the same degrin the same manner or to the same degr

eeee

They dress and walk alike.They dress and walk alike.

他们的穿着和走路姿态十分相似他们的穿着和走路姿态十分相似 . .

The boss treats us all alike.The boss treats us all alike.

2) adj. [2) adj. [ 常作表语常作表语 ]] 同样的同样的 , , 相似的相似的 These twins are very much alike.These twins are very much alike.

这对双胞胎非常相象。这对双胞胎非常相象。

5 … 5 … slumped inslumped in his seat on the third his seat on the third row, was a little boy named Teddy row, was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard:Stoddard:

On the third row, there was a little On the third row, there was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard, who boy named Teddy Stoddard, who lay lay rather than sat in his seat.rather than sat in his seat.

1)1) slump v. to sit or fall heavily and slump v. to sit or fall heavily and suddenlysuddenly

She slumped into the chair She slumped into the chair exhausted.exhausted. 疲惫的疲惫的

2) 2) slumpedslumped a. in low spirit a. in low spirit He sat slumped over his desk, He sat slumped over his desk,

starting vacantlystarting vacantly 茫然若失地茫然若失地 at the at the keyboard.keyboard.

6 …that his clothes were 6 …that his clothes were unkemptunkempt and that he and that he constantlyconstantly needed a bath needed a bath

: … his clothes were untidy and he : … his clothes were untidy and he himself always needed to be bathed.himself always needed to be bathed.

1) 1) unkemptunkempt: a untidy; not cared for: a untidy; not cared for He always looks unkempt, as if he’s He always looks unkempt, as if he’s

only just got out of bed.only just got out of bed. 2) 2) constantlyconstantly: all the time, or very : all the time, or very

oftenoften She was constantly trying to impress She was constantly trying to impress

her boss.her boss. The general public is constantly The general public is constantly

exposed to radiation.exposed to radiation.

7it got 7it got to the pointto the point during the first few during the first few months that she would actually take months that she would actually take delight in marking his papers with a delight in marking his papers with a broad red pen, making bold X’s and broad red pen, making bold X’s and then marking the F at the top of the then marking the F at the top of the paper biggest of all.paper biggest of all.

: during the first few months her : during the first few months her dislike for Teddy had developed to dislike for Teddy had developed to such an extent that it was a kind of such an extent that it was a kind of delight for Mrs. T to write X’s and F at delight for Mrs. T to write X’s and F at the top of his papers because what the top of his papers because what Teddy had written in his paper was Teddy had written in his paper was invariably wrong.invariably wrong.

1) 1) to the pointto the point: : a) to a certain extenta) to a certain extent It was so confusing that eventually it It was so confusing that eventually it

got to the point where no one knew got to the point where no one knew what was going on.what was going on.

b) relevantb) relevant 中肯的中肯的 and appropriateand appropriate 正正确的；适当的确的；适当的

Her comments on my work were very Her comments on my work were very aptapt 切题的切题的 , and to the point., and to the point.

c) the/most important thingc) the/most important thing Please get to the point.Please get to the point. 2) take delight in : to get great 2) take delight in : to get great

pleasure from (doing sth)pleasure from (doing sth) I I took great delight in watchingtook great delight in watching him him

making a fool of himself.making a fool of himself.

Part Two Teddy’s RecordsPart Two Teddy’s Records

Questions:Questions: 1 What was Mrs. Thompson’s 1 What was Mrs. Thompson’s

reaction when she read Teddy’s reaction when she read Teddy’s file? Why?file? Why?

2 From the teachers’ comments, 2 From the teachers’ comments, what changes could be noticed what changes could be noticed in Teddy?in Teddy?

Answers to the questions:Answers to the questions: 1 Mrs. T was somewhat surprised, 1 Mrs. T was somewhat surprised,

because Teddy had been so different because Teddy had been so different from what he was. Then she realized from what he was. Then she realized that she had the duty to do sth about that she had the duty to do sth about it.it.

2 The three teachers’ comments on 2 The three teachers’ comments on Teddy present a picture of Teddy’s Teddy present a picture of Teddy’s gradual change: “.. He is a joy to be gradual change: “.. He is a joy to be around”, “… his home life will soon around”, “… his home life will soon affect him”, “Teddy is withdrawn …He affect him”, “Teddy is withdrawn …He is tardy and could become a problem”is tardy and could become a problem”

Language points Language points

1 be required to : to be 1 be required to : to be demanded to, to have to do sthdemanded to, to have to do sth

All the students are required to All the students are required to attend at least 90% of the attend at least 90% of the lecture.lecture.

People do not realized that they People do not realized that they are required to declare their are required to declare their earnings.earnings.

Requirement n.Requirement n. fulfil the requirements fulfil the requirements

2 put off : to move to a later dater, to 2 put off : to move to a later dater, to delaydelay

The rehearsal has been put off until The rehearsal has been put off until next Tuesday because the director is next Tuesday because the director is not very well tonight.not very well tonight.

3 be in for: to be about to have sth 3 be in for: to be about to have sth unpleasantunpleasant

We are in for some trouble if we don’t We are in for some trouble if we don’t finish it quickly.finish it quickly.

It’s pretty stormy! I think we are in for a It’s pretty stormy! I think we are in for a rough flight.rough flight.

go in forgo in for : take part in : take part in He’s going in for next marathon.He’s going in for next marathon.

4 4 inquisitiveinquisitive: always wanting to find out : always wanting to find out the details about things and peoplethe details about things and people

Journalists have to be inquisitive , Journalists have to be inquisitive , fearless and determined.fearless and determined.

One of the best students in the class, One of the best students in the class, she has an inquisitive mind as well as she has an inquisitive mind as well as a hardworking spirit.a hardworking spirit.

5 5 mannersmanners (pl.=plural )way of (pl.=plural )way of behaving with reference to polite behaving with reference to polite standardsstandards

We need someone who looks clean We need someone who looks clean and neat and has good manners.and neat and has good manners.

It’s bad manners to talk with a full It’s bad manners to talk with a full mouth.mouth.

6 joy: a cause of great pleasure6 joy: a cause of great pleasure My students are a great joy to me.My students are a great joy to me. It’s a great joy for me to teacher a It’s a great joy for me to teacher a

class of students like you.class of students like you. 7 7 be hard onbe hard on 1) 1) be hard on sbbe hard on sb : to treat sb severely : to treat sb severely Don’t be too hard on him– he’s new to Don’t be too hard on him– he’s new to

the job.the job. 2) 2) be hard on sthbe hard on sth: to tend to damage : to tend to damage

sth quickly, esp. a piece of clothingsth quickly, esp. a piece of clothing 容容易穿坏（衣物）易穿坏（衣物）

I’m very hard on shoes.I’m very hard on shoes.

8 affect: to influence8 affect: to influence The rise in gas prices is likely to The rise in gas prices is likely to

affect the cost of electricity.affect the cost of electricity. 9 9 take stepstake steps: to take action, to : to take action, to

do what is necessarydo what is necessary Managers must take steps to Managers must take steps to

ensure that everyone ensure that everyone understands the new understands the new regulations.regulations.

We have taken steps to prevent We have taken steps to prevent such unpleasant things from such unpleasant things from taking place again.taking place again.

take stepstake steps

take measurestake measures take actionstake actions Mind your step!Mind your step! walk with quick steps walk with quick steps 快步行快步行

走走 dog sb.‘s steps dog sb.‘s steps 紧紧跟踪某人紧紧跟踪某人 It is the first step that costs.[It is the first step that costs.[ 谚谚 ]]

万事起头难。万事起头难。 step by step step by step

10 withdraw:10 withdraw: 沉默寡言的 沉默寡言的 a.a. 1) Not friendly or sociable1) Not friendly or sociable 2) Emotionally unresponsive and detached; 2) Emotionally unresponsive and detached;

introverted.introverted. 内向的内向的 I withdrew from the contest two days I withdrew from the contest two days

before it took place because I was too before it took place because I was too nervous. nervous.

Withdraw: v. - money from the bankWithdraw: v. - money from the bank - troops from a place - troops from a place - withdraw a boy from school- withdraw a boy from school - one's eyes from - one's eyes from - a curtain- a curtain Withdrawnness n. Withdrawnness n.

Part Three Turning PointPart Three Turning Point

Questions:Questions: 1 Did Mrs. T immediately begin to 1 Did Mrs. T immediately begin to

do sth for Teddy? Why?do sth for Teddy? Why? 2 How did the children in the class 2 How did the children in the class

think of Teddy’s present?think of Teddy’s present? 3 Why did Mrs. T put on the 3 Why did Mrs. T put on the

bracelet and dab some perfume bracelet and dab some perfume on her wrist?on her wrist?

4 Why did Mrs. T cry?4 Why did Mrs. T cry?

Answers to the questionsAnswers to the questions 1 No , Mrs. T did not take any actions 1 No , Mrs. T did not take any actions

immediately, because Christmas was immediately, because Christmas was around the corner and she was quite around the corner and she was quite busy before the holiday.busy before the holiday.

2They began to laugh when their 2They began to laugh when their teacher opened the present, because teacher opened the present, because they thought the present was ugly and they thought the present was ugly and worthless.worthless.

3 Because she knew that other kids’ 3 Because she knew that other kids’ laughter could hurt Teddy, and laughter could hurt Teddy, and wanted to show that she liked Teddy’s wanted to show that she liked Teddy’s presents.presents.

4 Because she was deeply 4 Because she was deeply touched by Teddy’s words and touched by Teddy’s words and the way he uttered them, which the way he uttered them, which made her realized how made her realized how desperately the boy needed love desperately the boy needed love and care his mother used to and care his mother used to give him.give him.

1 1 focus onfocus on: to direct one’s attention to, : to direct one’s attention to, to concentrate onto concentrate on

The conference will focus on the issue The conference will focus on the issue of population control.of population control.

2 2 take painstake pains: : take pains / go to great paitake pains / go to great pains: to put a lot of efforts into doing sth.ns: to put a lot of efforts into doing sth.

Mary took great pains with her English Mary took great pains with her English lesson and got high marks.lesson and got high marks.

Pains (pl.): great care or effortPains (pl.): great care or effort We must give him sth for his pains.We must give him sth for his pains. I went to great pains to select the best I went to great pains to select the best

staff.staff.

be at pains: do sth. very carefullybe at pains: do sth. very carefully with great pain spare no pains Nwith great pain spare no pains N

o pains, no gains.o pains, no gains. 3 3 stiflestifle: 1) to prevent sth. from h: 1) to prevent sth. from h

appeningappening We should encourage imaginatiWe should encourage imaginati

on, creativity and new ideas, not on, creativity and new ideas, not stifling them.stifling them.

2) to be unable to breathe2) to be unable to breathe We often stifle in the heat of ChaWe often stifle in the heat of Cha

ngsha in summer.ngsha in summer. She stifled a yawnShe stifled a yawn 打呵欠 打呵欠 as the as the

boss read out the sales figures.boss read out the sales figures. 4 exclaim: to cry out or speak 4 exclaim: to cry out or speak

suddenly and loudlysuddenly and loudly She exclaimed in delight when She exclaimed in delight when

she saw the presents.she saw the presents.

Dabbing some of the Dabbing some of the perfume…perfume…

dab : 1) to touch quickly, usually dab : 1) to touch quickly, usually repeatedlyrepeatedly

She dabbed a bit of powder on hShe dabbed a bit of powder on her nose to hide the spot.er nose to hide the spot.

I always dab a little perfume behiI always dab a little perfume behind my ears before I go out for parnd my ears before I go out for parties.ties.

2) to cover lightly with sth.2) to cover lightly with sth. Can’t you just dab some paint on Can’t you just dab some paint on

the worn spots?the worn spots?

Part Four Special care and Part Four Special care and encouragementencouragement

Questions: Questions: 1 What change did Mrs. T make in 1 What change did Mrs. T make in

her teaching?her teaching? 2 Why would Mrs. T remember 2 Why would Mrs. T remember

that cologne on days when there that cologne on days when there was an important test? was an important test?

3What was the remarkable change 3What was the remarkable change in Teddy’s study after Mrs. T had in Teddy’s study after Mrs. T had changed her attitude towards him?changed her attitude towards him?

Answers to the questions: Answers to the questions: 1 She stopped teaching school 1 She stopped teaching school

subjects in a mechanical way. subjects in a mechanical way. Instead, she treated the students as Instead, she treated the students as human beings, and gave special human beings, and gave special attention to those needed more care, attention to those needed more care, love and encouragement, especially love and encouragement, especially Teddy.Teddy.

2 On days when there was an 2 On days when there was an important test, Mrs. T would important test, Mrs. T would remember the cologne, because she remember the cologne, because she knew that it had a particular knew that it had a particular significance to Teddy. It reminded him significance to Teddy. It reminded him of his mother.of his mother.

3 The bright sand inquisitive 3 The bright sand inquisitive Teddy seemed to come back, Teddy seemed to come back, and eventually he turned out to and eventually he turned out to be one of the smartest children be one of the smartest children in the class.in the class.

Language points Language points

1 quit: to stop 1 quit: to stop Suddenly she quit talking, turning her faSuddenly she quit talking, turning her fa

ce to the pillow and went to sleep.ce to the pillow and went to sleep. 2 come alive:2 come alive:come alive: 1)to become acome alive: 1)to become a

ctivective After the operation, his mind came alive.After the operation, his mind came alive. 2) to seem real and interesting2) to seem real and interestingShe is a writer who really knows how to mShe is a writer who really knows how to m

ake her characters come alive.ake her characters come alive. 3 the more… , the faster..3 the more… , the faster.. The harder you study, the higher marks The harder you study, the higher marks

you will achieve.you will achieve.

4 vow: v. to promise solemnly4 vow: v. to promise solemnly vow to do sth.vow to do sth. vow that…vow that… Ben vowed to avengeBen vowed to avenge 为为 ...... 报复报复 , , 报仇 报仇 his his

mother’s death.mother’s death. The guerrillasThe guerrillas 游击队 游击队 vowed that they woulvowed that they woul

d overthrow the government.d overthrow the government. N. solemn promiseN. solemn promise marriage / wedding vowsmarriage / wedding vows (http://www.chicagomarriage.com/wedding_(http://www.chicagomarriage.com/wedding_

vows.htm)vows.htm) take/ make a vow take/ make a vow Keep / break a vowKeep / break a vow She took a vow never to lend money to She took a vow never to lend money to

anyone again.anyone again.

Part Five 5 Successive NotesPart Five 5 Successive Notes

Questions:Questions: 1 What were the occasions on 1 What were the occasions on

which Teddy send his notes or which Teddy send his notes or letters to Mrs. Thompson?letters to Mrs. Thompson?

2 What was the consistent 2 What was the consistent message in all the notes or letters?message in all the notes or letters?

3 What made Teddy’s last two 3 What made Teddy’s last two letters different and special?letters different and special?

1Teddy sent three notes or letters on 1Teddy sent three notes or letters on the following three occasions the following three occasions respectively: when he was to leave the respectively: when he was to leave the primary school, when he finished high primary school, when he finished high school and when he graduated from school and when he graduated from college.college.

2 In all the notes or letters Teddy 2 In all the notes or letters Teddy assured and reassured Mrs. T that she assured and reassured Mrs. T that she was his favorite teacher all the time.was his favorite teacher all the time.

3 The fourth letter carried Teddy’s fu3 The fourth letter carried Teddy’s full name and his newly earned title M.ll name and his newly earned title M.D. Note that Teddy is the shortened fD. Note that Teddy is the shortened form for Theodore. When one’s name orm for Theodore. When one’s name goes along with his title, his/her full goes along with his title, his/her full name should be used.name should be used.

In his fifth letter Teddy invited Mrs. TIn his fifth letter Teddy invited Mrs. Thompson to attend his wedding and hompson to attend his wedding and sit in the pew for the groom’ mother.sit in the pew for the groom’ mother.

Language points Language points

1 while: although1 while: although While she is a likeable (=likable)While she is a likeable (=likable) 可爱可爱

的的 , , 令人喜爱的 令人喜爱的 girl, she can be vergirl, she can be very difficult to work with.y difficult to work with.

While I understand that you’re busy at While I understand that you’re busy at the moment, I really think you ought tthe moment, I really think you ought to see these notes.o see these notes.

2 2 assureassure: to declare positively, to tell : to declare positively, to tell someone that sth is definitely true.someone that sth is definitely true.

Her mother assured her that everythinHer mother assured her that everything would be alright.g would be alright.

3 wonder: 1) used to introduce a req3 wonder: 1) used to introduce a requestuest

I wonder whether you would be so kiI wonder whether you would be so kind as to send me an applicationnd as to send me an application 申申请表 请表 form.form.

2) think about or ask oneself about s2) think about or ask oneself about sthth

He wondered whether he would be aHe wondered whether he would be able to find the hotel again.ble to find the hotel again.

I wonder what she is doing tonight.I wonder what she is doing tonight.

4 bet: to state confidently (what will h4 bet: to state confidently (what will happen)appen)

1) I bet : I am certain1) I bet : I am certain The builders want to finish the job by The builders want to finish the job by

Friday. Friday. I betI bet they won’t. they won’t. I bet Tom has a hangover I bet Tom has a hangover 宿醉 宿醉 this this

morning– you should have seen how morning– you should have seen how much he was drinking last night.much he was drinking last night.

2) 2) you betyou bet: certainly: certainly --Are you coming to the party?– You --Are you coming to the party?– You

bet.bet.

Grammar:Grammar: 一般将来时一般将来时 11 ）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作

或状态。“能够， 会”例如：或状态。“能够， 会”例如： I shall graduate next year.I shall graduate next year. 22 ）几种替代形式：）几种替代形式： 11 ）） be going to +vbe going to +v 在在口语口语中广泛使用，中广泛使用，

表示表示准备做或将发生的事情准备做或将发生的事情。例如：。例如： I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saI’m going to buy a house when we’ve sa

ved enough money.ved enough money. 22 ）） be to +vbe to +v 表示表示计划计划安排要做的事，具安排要做的事，具

有“有“必要必要”的强制性意义。例如：”的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon.I am to play tennis this afternoon. 33 ）） be about to +vbe about to +v 表示即将发生的事情。表示即将发生的事情。

例如：例如： He was about to start. He was about to start.

44 ）） be due to +vbe due to +v 表示表示预先确定预先确定了的了的事， 必定发生的事。例如：事， 必定发生的事。例如：

The train is due to depart in ten minuThe train is due to depart in ten minutes.tes.

55 ）） be on the point/verge of +v – ing be on the point/verge of +v – ing 强调即将发生的强调即将发生的某种事态某种事态。例如：。例如：

The baby was on the point of crying The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.when her mother finally came home.

6) 6) 有些动词用现在进行时有些动词用现在进行时 ,, 表示在最表示在最近近按计划或安排按计划或安排要进行的动作要进行的动作 ,, 多和多和表示表示未来时间的状语未来时间的状语连用连用

1) we are leaving on Friday.1) we are leaving on Friday.

2 The : the definite article 2 The : the definite article

1)1) 某个特定的人某个特定的人 // 物 物 Did you go to the opeDid you go to the opening ceremonyning ceremony ？？

22 ）彼此已知的 ）彼此已知的 What’s on the radioWhat’s on the radio ？？ 33 ）表一个民族，阶级， 阶层 ）表一个民族，阶级， 阶层 the petty-bothe petty-bo

urgeoisieurgeoisie 小资阶级小资阶级 44 ）表一类人）表一类人 // 物 物 the transistorthe transistor 半导体半导体 55 ）表独一无二的物 ）表独一无二的物 the sun the sun 66 ）用于名词化的词：）用于名词化的词： gerundgerund 动名词动名词 the livthe liv

ing ing ，， adjectiveadjective 形容词，形容词， the poor the poor ， ， past past participleparticiple 过去分词，过去分词， the handicapped the handicapped 序序数词数词 ordinal numeralordinal numeral ， ， the second one the second one

77 ）专有名词：江河海洋山（除了湖））专有名词：江河海洋山（除了湖） Lake Lake SuccessSuccess ，书，报，历史事件，书，报，历史事件

88 ）习语：）习语： in the morningin the morning （（ afternoonafternoon ， ， eveningevening ））

to tell the truthto tell the truth ，， with the exception of with the exception of to go to the theaterto go to the theater ，， to break the iceto break the ice to keep the peaceto keep the peace to pick up the pieces to pick up the pieces 收拾残局收拾残局 to burn the midnight oilto burn the midnight oil to pass the buck to pass the buck 推卸责任推卸责任 to put the cart before the horse to put the cart before the horse 本末倒置 本末倒置 Strike while the iron is hot.Strike while the iron is hot. The fat is in the fire. The fat is in the fire. 弄咂了。弄咂了。

3 The usage of like and as 3 The usage of like and as

11 ） ） He has been playing tennis as a profeHe has been playing tennis as a professional for two years. ssional for two years. 作为作为（本身是同一样（本身是同一样东西， 或有同一本质）东西， 或有同一本质）

He plays tennis like a professional. He plays tennis like a professional. 象象（只（只有相似之处）有相似之处）

22 ）） like + n.like + n. LikeLike every other nation, the U every other nation, the United States used to define its unit of currennited States used to define its unit of currency, the dollar, in terms of the gold standard.cy, the dollar, in terms of the gold standard.

as + preposition phraseas + preposition phrase Exe.1 Exe.1 33 ） ） feel/ look/ seem/ sound/ taste likefeel/ look/ seem/ sound/ taste like