UNIT 3Chapter 17 – Becoming

a World Power

IMPERIALISM

Section 1: The Pressure to ExpandSection 2: The Spanish-American WarSection 3: A New Foreign PolicySection 4: Debating America’s New Role

Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power (1890–1915)

Presidents of the United States

George Washington; Federalist (1788) John Adams; Federalist (1796) Thomas Jefferson (1800) James Madison (1808) James Monroe (1816) John Quincy Adams (1824) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) John Tyler; Whig (1841) James K. Polk; Democrat (1844) Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848) Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850) Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852) James Buchanan; Democrat (1856) Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860) Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865) Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868) Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876) James Garfield; Republican (1880)

#21 - …Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)William McKinley; Republican (1896)Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901)William Howard Taft; Republican (1909)Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1913)

OBJECTIVESCORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the causes and effects

of imperialism.

Objective 3.2: What events led to the Spanish-American War?

THEME: America will look to expand its borders and influence

Chapter 17 SECTION 2

The Spanish-American War

A SWIFT VICTORY IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR CONFIRMED THE STATUS OF THE UNITED STATES AS A WORLD POWER, BUT IT LEFT SOME PEOPLE ARGUING OVER HOW TO GOVERN NEWLY ACQUIRED TERRITORIES

DEFENDING THE DOCTRINE

U.S. demanded that Great Britain land dispute be sent to arbitration, and defended the validity of the Monroe Doctrine.o Arbitration is the settlement of a dispute by a person or panel chosen to listen to both sides and

come to a decision.o The British government backed down because it needed to stay on friendly terms with the

United States.o U.S. has marked its territory and shows it will defend it. Monroe Doctrine in Action.

WRITE THIS DOWN!

Britain and Venezuela had a long-standing land dispute.o In the 1880s rich minerals were found in the regiono The U.S. demanded that Britain go to arbitration over

the land in 1895

• Spain controlled Cuba since 1500’s.

• Cuban people were fighting a revolution

against Spanish brutality

• Cubans wanted their independence from

Spain• 90 miles from U.S.• Protect our trade• McKinley takes a

stronger stance against Spain in 1896 election

STEPS TO WAR

1. Spanish Ambassador de Lôme insulted President McKinley.

2. USS Maine exploded; Americans blame Spain.

3. Yellow Journalism 4. Congress recognized Cuban independence and authorized force against Spain.

The de Lome letter

Spanish Ambassador de Lôme insulted President McKinley.o Criticized President McKinley as weak and a

bidder for the admiration of the crowd, besides being a would-be politician who tries to leave a door open behind himself while keeping on good terms with the jingoes of his party.

WRITE THIS DOWN! Dupuy de Lôme, Spanish

Ambassador to the U.S.

• The USS Maine was stationed in Havana harbor.

• American citizens threatened by revolution in Cuba.

• Pres. McKinley sent USS Maine to rescue US citizens.

• The USS Maine exploded, and the American public blamed

Spain.

The USS MaineUSS Maine

exploded; Americans blame Spain.

The explosion on February 15, 1898 kills more than 250 American sailors

WRITE THIS DOWN!

YELLOW JOURNALISM

In competition for readership, two New York newspapers wrote exaggerated stories about the Cuban rebellion.

Yellow Journalism presents little researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell newspapers.

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WILLIAM R. HEARST

NY Morning Journal

“How long are the Spaniards to drench Cuba with the blood and

tears of her people?”

JINGOISM

This yellow journalism sold a lot of papers but had other effects:o It whipped up American public opinion in

favor of the Cuban rebels. o Journalism with national pride and

desire for an aggressive foreign policy is called jingoism.

o Jingoist writers were constantly on alert for American insults and frequently called for military retaliation

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JOSEPH PULITZERNY World

“How long is the peasantry of Spain to be drafted away to Cuba to die miserably in a hopeless war, that Spanish nobles and Spanish

officers may get medals and honors?”

Joseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer

William Randolph HearstWilliam Randolph Hearst

“How long shall old Cuban men and

women and children be murdered by the score, the innocent victims of Spanish rage against the

patriot armies they cannot conquer?”

The Spanish-American War

“A Splendid Little War”• War declared in April of

1898• May 1, 1898: The United

States launched a surprise attack in Manila Bay and destroyed Spain’s entire Pacific fleet in seven hours.

• July 1: Roosevelt led the Rough Riders up San Juan Hill.

• July 3: The United States Navy sank the remaining Spanish ships.

• Fewer than 500 Americans casualties

Rough Riders

ROOSEVELT’S ROUGH RIDERS

http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/theodore-roosevelt/videos/roosevelt-fights-in-spanish-american-war

THE TREATY OF PARIS (1898)

• With Spain’s defeat their government recognized Cuba’s independence.

• Spain gave up the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the US in return for $20 million.

• The island nations then became unincorporated territories of the United States.

• President McKinley installed a military government to protect American business interests.

WRITE THIS DOWN!

PROBLEMS

• The problems for the U.S. after the Spanish-American arise from controlling these territories.

• Some of the new territories do not want foreign control no matter what America’s intentions are

• The Philippines and Cuba will resist American control.

• 3-minute summary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PK5XvSxJhU

• This begins a conflict which the U.S. deals with today – what is responsible?

• The U.S. must resolve its internal conflict of Liberty for All vs. International Power

The Spanish-American War – ASSESSMENT

Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the Philippines?

(A) The United States needed raw materials from Guam.(B) McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern themselves.(C) McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they should own it.(D)McKinley was concerned that granting independence would damage his

image.

How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine?(A) By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with Venezuela(B) By demolishing Spain’s navy(C) By annexing the Philippines(D)By winning the Spanish-American War

The Spanish-American War – ASSESSMENT

Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the Philippines?

(A) The United States needed raw materials from Guam.(B) McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern

themselves.(C) McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they should own it.(D)McKinley was concerned that granting independence would damage his image.

How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine?(A) By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with

Venezuela(B) By demolishing Spain’s navy(C) By annexing the Philippines(D)By winning the Spanish-American War