UNIT 4: Cells & Their Environment Biology I DAYSHEET 35: Surface Area Versus Volume Name: _______________________________ Date: __________________ Bellringer / Catalyst: Study the two pictures below of the mouse and elephant: 3. Which animal has larger cells? ___________________________________________ 4. Why are the animals different sizes? _______________________________________ 5. Are there advantages to being different sizes? YES NO 6. What are the advantages to being a certain size? ______________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Use Daysheet 37 to answer to following questions: 7. Label the following image using the following terms: phospholipid, polar, tail, non-polar, head, phosphate, fatty acids, hydrophobic, hydrophilic Biology Objective: I understand the relationship between surface area and volume of a cell. Homework: HW35 is due next class!

 

1. Which  animal  is  larger?  

 

2. Which  animal  has  more  cells?  

Activity 1: Cornell Notes

Biology Objective / Essential Question:

 

Main Ideas / Questions: 1.

Notes: • Cells have to take in:

• Cells have to remove:

• In small cells, all parts of the cell are near:

• This is important because:

• Small cells are like: • Large cells are like: Stop & Jot

1. Look at the pictures of the two cells below. Which cell do you think is like Reid’s Grocery Store, and which cell do you think is like Walmart? Explain your answer.

Cell  1  

Cell  2  

Main Ideas / Questions: 2. 3.

Notes: • The outside of a cell is its __________________ __________

• The inside of the cell is its _____________________. • The volume of the cell _____________________ at a __________

rate than its surface area. • As cells ________________ in size, cellular parts move further

away from the _________ __________________. Stop & Jot • If you wanted to QUICKLY purchase the following items from the

store: toothpaste, macaroni and cheese, oatmeal and toilet paper. Would you go to Reids Market or to a Super Center? ___________

• Why?

• Calculating Surface Area:

-Multiply ____ touching edges together to determine the area of one side. -Multiply that value by the ______________ of sides. • Calculating Volume:

__________________ x __________________ x ______________ Stop & Jot • Determine the Surface area and Volume of the 2 cube below: • If these two cubes were cells, which one would be more efficient?

Why?

3cm  

3cm  

3cm  

7cm  

7cm  

7cm  

S.A:  

 

Volume:  

S.A:  

 

Volume:  

Main Ideas / Questions: 4.

Notes:

Stop & Jot

Figure Total # of

Cubes Surface Area of Figure (cm2)

Volume of Figure (cm3)

Surface Area to Volume Ratio (SA/V)

A

B

C

D

• Which figure above would you want to represent cells in body?

Explain your answer.

Activity 2: Surface Area Versus Volume Activity Introduction: Cells are limited in how large they can be. This is because the surface area and volume ratio does not stay the same as their size increases. Because of this, it is harder for a large cell to pass materials in and out of the cell membrane, and to move materials through the cell. In this activity you will make two cubed shaped models to represent cells. The dimensions of each side of the cube will be provided. You will then calculate the surface area, volume, and the ratio between the two. Pre-Activity Questions:

1. How do you determine the surface area of a cube? ____________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

2. How do you determine the volume of a cube? ________________________________________

3. Using the provided cube template below, determine its surface area and volume:

Materials: • Scissors • Glue Directions:

1. Carefully cut out the two cube templates. 2. Fold and glue the cubes with the grey tabs to the inside of the cubes. 3. Calculate the total surface area, volume of each cube. 4. Place your data in the table provided. 5. Determine the surface area to volume ratio (ration = surface area/volume) 6. Place you data in the table provided.

2  

2  

A. What is the area of one side of the cube?

B. How many sides does the cube have?

C. What is the surface area of the cube (hint: multiply the area by the number of sides of the cube)?

D. What is the volume of the cube?

Calculations: Cube 1:

1. What is the area of one side of the cube? 2. How many sides does the cube have? 3. What is the surface area of the cube? 4. What is the volume of the cube?

Cube 2:

1. What is the area of one side of the cube? 2. How many sides does the cube have? 3. What is the surface area of the cube? 4. What is the volume of the cube?

Data Table: Cell Size Comparison

Cell Surface Area (cm2) Volume (cm3) Ratio Surface Area to

Volume

1

2

Questions (Please answer using complete sentences):

1. Which cell model has the largest surface area? Cube 1 Cube 2

2. Which cell model has the largest volume? Cube 1 Cube 2

3. Which cell model has the largest ratio? Cube 1 Cube 2

4. Which cell model is like Reids Market? Cube 1 Cube 2

5. Which cell model is like a super center? Cube 1 Cube 2

6. Which cell model is the most efficient? Cube 1 Cube 2

7. What might be the disadvantage of having a large volume? _____________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Homework 35: Cells Revisited Biology I Name ____________________________________ Date _______________________ Directions: Use your reading strategies (underline, highlight and/or circle) as you read through the review material below. Use this information to answer the questions that follow. Cells:

All living things are composed of cells. Robert Hooke was the first scientist to use this term for the units of life that make up living things. With the help of Hooke and a number of other scientists, we were able to develop the Cell Theory. The cell theory is composed of the three items listed below:

• All living things are composed of cells. • Cells can only come from pre-existing cells. • Cells are the unit of structure of function.

There are two main types of cells: Prokaryotic Cells and Eukaryotic Cells. Prokaryotic cells are very simple, small in size, lack membrane-bound organelles, and do not contain a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are more complex, larger in size, contain membrane-bound organelles, and they do contain a nucleus. The only example of a prokaryotic cell is bacteria. All other living things are composed of eukaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic Cells:

There are two main types of eukaryotic cells: Plant Cells and Animal Cells.

Although plant and animal cells have a lot in common, there are some significant differences between them. These differences are listed in the chart below:

Plant Cells Animals Cells

Have a cell wall Do not have a cell wall

Have a large central vacoule Do not have a large central vacoule

Contain chloroplast (to make their own food using sunlight during photosynthesis)

Do not contain chloroplast (cannot make their own food- animals use cellular respiration to make ATP from food ingested)

1. What types of cells make up humans (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)? _____________

2. What organelle allows plant cells to make their own food? _____________________

3. What chemical process allows plant cells to make their own food? ____________________________________________

4. What is the only example of a prokaryotic organism? __________________________

5. List 4 major differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Cellular Organelles:

Organelle Cellular Function City Analogy

1. Nucleus The nucleus contains DNA and controls all the activity of the cell.

Mayor

2. Ribosomes Site of protein synthesis (where proteins are made)

Factories

3. Lysosomes Breakdown old cellular components so they can be reused by the cell

Recycling Center

4. Golgi Apparatus (body) Receives, packages, and ships out proteins.

Post Office

5.Endoplasmic Reticulum

System of membranes and sacs that transport molecules to one part of the cell to another.

Highway

6. Mitochondria Site of ATP production in the cell.

Power Plant

7. Chloroplast (plant cells only)

Captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy (sugar) during photosynthesis

Solar Panel

6. Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration? ______________________________

7. Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis? __________________________________

8. Which organelle is responsible for regulating all metabolic activity within a cell? _______________________________________

9. Which organelle is responsible for assembling proteins in the cell? ________________________________