unit 4 lesson 1 what are solids, liquids, and gases? copyright © houghton mifflin harcourt...

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases?

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company


Florida Benchmark


• SC.5.P.8.1 Compare and contrast the basic properties of solids, liquids, and gases, such as mass, volume, color, texture, and temperature.


What’s the Matter?


• Matter has mass and volume. It cannot be created or destroyed.

• Mass is the amount of matter in something.

• Volume is the amount of space something takes up.

Matter Has Properties

• Matter has physical properties.

• You can observe a physical property without changing the matter into a new substance.

• Odor, texture, and color are some physical properties.




More Properties


• Temperature is also a physical property.

• Temperature is a measure of the energy of motion of the particles in matter.

• Mass and volume are also physical properties.


More Properties


• Density is another physical property of matter.

• Density is found by dividing the mass of an object by its volume.

States of Matter


Liquids

• A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape.


Gases

• A gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.



Solids

• A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume.




States of Matter


• Matter is made up of tiny particles.

• The particles in solids, liquids, and gases have different amounts of energy.

• The amount of energy affects how fast the particles move and how close together they are.


States of Matter


• The shape and volume of something depends on its state.

• Gas particles are far apart. They can move around without affecting one another.

• Gases take the shape and volume of their container. The gas particles spread out to fill the container.


States of Matter


• The particles in a liquid cannot move around as much as the particles in a gas.

• The particles in liquids can slide past one another, so liquids take the shape of their container.

• The particles in liquids cannot move very far from one another. So, a liquid has the same volume no matter what container it is in.


States of Matter


• The particles in a solid cannot move very much at all.

• Because the particles in a solid cannot move, a solid has the same shape and volume no matter what container it is in.


Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases


• Liquids and gases can flow.

• Gases can expand, taking up more space, or compress, taking up less space.

• Solids have definite textures and shapes.

unit 4 lesson 1 what are solids, liquids, and gases? copyright © houghton mifflin harcourt...

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