Unit 5: Ancient Rome

Ch 6

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wA1D9wd29jI

Roman Gods

• Types of Gods: Numina, Lares, Penates• Myths and Their Affects on Social Values• How they were worshipped: Religious leaders

(Augurs) and practices (laraniums and haru spicy)

• The Affects of Religion on Government and Society: Theocracy and Syncretism

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cOWblvroVQ

• Natives to Northern Italy • Known for metal work ,

engineering skills, and their dark religion

• Helped shape city into full potential

• Connected Rome to everywhere else and improved agriculture

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYs2n1WIMEk (part 1)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24Ze8nYzOrQ&feature=related (part 2)

Kings to Democracy

Etruscan kings become corrupt Civil war breaks out: Romans vs.

Etruscans Romans win, swear never to have a king

again Now citizens will vote in elections

The Roman Republic Social classes of Rome:

the Patricians and Plebeians.

The two Consuls: Judges that serve for one year with a large amount of power.

The Assembly: A branch of government controlled by Plebeians.

The Senate: 300 members were the advisors, and ran the tax industry.

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=92409996-1374-42db-9a35-3cb2fe8ff60f

Weakening of Republic

Gap between rich and poor grows Senate becomes corrupt Plebeians revolt and cause civil war Important people are strong military

leaders

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=fa7e2e0b-89e2-4020-b99c-c837cb3832f2

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=19C736FE-DF14-4503-AB77-5098E9A54A78&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Ides of March• It was unclear if Julius knew of any plot to murder him

on March 15, but he was not oblivious to the dangers of that day.

• Brutus, one of the leaders in The Liberators conspiracy group and also a deceitful friend of Julius’.

• Brutus killed Caesar due to jealousy and the fear of Caesar wiping out the Republic.

• His murder had a huge impact on Rome and eventually led to Rome’s Empire and Republic collapsing.

Augustus• Adopted by Julius

Caesar, First Roman Emperor.

• Brought 40 years of peace to Rome.

• Went down in history for determination and perseverance.

• Dies at 76, Became a God.

Tiberius and CaligulaTiberius and Caligula

• Tiberius becoming heir • Caligula’s strives • Their connection • Tiberius’ reign

Nero

• Nero was the fifth emperor of the Roman empire, he reduced taxes, banned capital punishment, and allowed slaves to sue unjust owners.

• Nero’s kindness was mostly a facade, he killed innocent people at random, and seducing married women later in hid reign.

• His relationship with his own mother later worsened from her harsh, and controlling treatment in past. After attempting to kill her subtly and failing, he sent soldiers to kill her.

• For his evil deeds, Nero was declared public enemy by the senate. He ran away and killed himself so no one else could.

Constantine I• “Edict of Milan” • Power hunger • Chose Constantinople as Capital of Roman

Empire • Attacked Franks for more land

Pompeii• Pompeii, a city near Naples of Italy• Mt. Vesuvius erupted near Pompeii• Archeologists have found body casts of humans and

animals • A man Pliny witnessed the disaster

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dn14wkg0mhM (Pompeii 1)

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=0CDD5E67-F33B-4D5B-9E5F-0288BA0EB1B3&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US (Pompeii 2)

Colosseum

• Very expensive and large

• Constructed for entertainment purposes

• Events held in it were linked to Christianity

• Destroyed three times: two lightning strikes and an earthquake; reconstructed each time

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3v3GfLnQX8 (Engineering an Empire)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8B1hZxsXGFo (Colosseum)

Roman Contributions Language (Latin) Apian Way: road system

Connected the whole empire Aqueducts: water transportation

Gave running water to all of Rome Sewage: Cloaca Maxima

Still works, sends runoff to Tiber River Roman Forum (all gov’t)

Concrete: waterproof Built permanent piers and bridges

Architecture: arch Strong, less material