22 n

1

2

101097.0

1w

+1Alkalimetals

Alkalineearthmetals

+2

Transition metals: 2 valence electrons

+3+4, -4 -3 -2

-1

Noblegases

halogens

1 Hhydrogen

1.01

11Na

sodium

22.99

12 Mgmagnesium

24.31

3 Lilithium

6.94

4 Beberyllium

9.01

19

Kpotassium

39.10

20 Cacalcium

40.08

37 Rbrubidium

85.47

21 Scscandium44.96

22 Tititanium47.90

23 Vvanadium50.94

24 Crchromium52.00

25 Mnmanganese

54.94

26 Feiron

55.85

38 Srstrontium

87.62

39Y

yttrium

88.91

40 Zrzirconium

91.22

41

niobium

92.91

42 Momolybdenum

95.94

43 Tctechnetium

96.91

44 Ruruthenium

101.07

55 Cscesium

132.91

56Ba

barium137.33

71 LuLutetium

174.97

72 Hfhafnium

178.49

73 Tatantalum

180.95

74 Wtungsten

183.85

75 Rerhenium

186.21

76 Ososmium

190.20

87 Frfrancium

223.02

88 Raradium

226.02

103Lr

lawrencium

262.11

104 Rfrutherfordium

261.11

105 Dbdubnium

262.11

106Sg

seaborgium

263.12

107 Bhbohrium

264.12

108 Hshassium

265.13

27 Cocobalt

58.93

28 Ninickel

58.71

29 Cucopper

63.55

30 Znzinc

65.37

31 Gagallium

69.72

32 Gegermanium

72.59

13 Alaluminum

26.98

45 Rhrhodium

102.91

46 Pdpalladium

106.40

47 Agsilver

107.87

48 Cdcadmium

112.40

49 Inindium

114.82

50 Sntin

118.69

33 Asarsenic

74.92

14 Sisilicon

28.09

15 Pphosphorus

30.97

51 SbAntimony)

121.75

77 Iriridium

192.22

78 Ptplatinum

195.09

79 Augold196.97

80 Hgmercury

200.59

81 Tlthallium

204.37

82 Pblead

207.19

83 Bibismuth

208.98

109Mt

Meitnerium

(268)

110DsDarmstadtium

(281)

111 Rgroentgenium

(272)

112 UubUnunbium

(285)

113Uutununtrium

(284)

114Uuqununquadium

(289)

115Uupununpentium

(288)

5 Bboron10.81

6 Ccarbon

12.01

7 Nnitrogen

14.01

8O

oxygen

16.00

9F

fluorine

19.00

2He

helium4.00

10 Neneon

20.18

16 Ssulfur

32.07

17 Clchlorine

35.45

18 Arargon

39.95

34 Seselenium

78.96

35 Br79.91

36 Krkrypton

83.80

52 Tetellurium

127.60

53 Iiodine126.90

54 Xexenon

131.30

84 Popolonium

(210)

85 Atastatine

(210)

86 Rnradon

(220)

116Uuhununhexium

(289)

117Uusununseptium

(295)

118Uuoununoctium

(293)

57La

lanthanum

138.91

58 Cecerium

140.12

59Pr

praseodymium

140.91

60Nd

neodymium

144.24

61 Pmpromethium

144.91

62 Smsamarium

150.41

63Eu

europium

151.96

65Tb

terbium

158.92

89 Acactinium

227.03

90 Ththorium

232.04

91 Paprotactinium

231.04

92 Uuranium

238.03

93 Npneptunium

237.05

94Pu

plutonium

244.06

95 Amamericium

243.06

96 Cmcurium(247)

66

Dydysprosium

162.50

67 HoHolmium

164.93

68 Ererbium

167.26

69 Tm

thulium

168.93

70 Ybytterbium

173.04

97 Bkberkelium

(249)

98 Cfcalifornium

(251)

99 Eseinsteinium

(254)

100 Fmfermium

257.10

101 Mdmendelevium

(256)

102 No

(254)

Nb

common anions

Monovalentcations:

Group 1, Ag: +1Group 2, Zn: +2Group 3, Al: +3

Gdgadolinium

157.25

64

nobelium

0

1s

2s

3s

4s

5s

6s

7s

3d

4d

5d

6d

4p

5p

6p

7p

3p

2p

4f

5f

Symbol:SolidLiquidGasManmade

name

Atomic mass

Atomic number

Scscandium

44.96

21

(and NH4+)

metal nonmetalmetalloi

d

meta

l

nonm

eta

l

1 valenceelectron

2 valenceelectrons

Valence electrons: 8

4 5 6 73

(H is a nonmetal)

bromine

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 Group 8 Group 9 Group 10 Group 11 Group 12

Group 13 Group 14 Group 15 Group 16 Group 17

Group 18

to71

to103

:solution

1s2 2s2 2p2 3s2 3p4

16S:

Unit 5 electrons Dr. B.’s ChemAdventure

Principles and rules of electron configuration

Pauli

(opp. spins)

Hund’s Rule

(spread out)

1s22s11s22p1Aufbau

(build up)

Heisenberg(e-position uncertain)

GoodBadPrinciple or rule

1s22s22p2 1s22s22p2

1s2 1s2

1s1