unit 5 test review. what is the law of conservation of mass? in any reaction mass is conserved –...
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Unit 5 Test Review
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
• In any reaction mass is conserved– Mass of reactants = mass of products
Describe fusion
• 2 or more nuclei combine to form a larger nuclei
Describe fission
• nuclei split into fragments when struck by neutrons
The reactants and products of complete combustion of a hydrocarbon CxHx would include
• H2O
• CO2
• O2
The reactants and products of a decomposition reaction would include• A single reactant that is an ionic or molecular
compoound• Have multiple products
What type of reaction occurs when magnesium reacts with aluminum
chloride?
• Single replacement
The reactants and products of a synthesis reaction would include
• Multiple reactants and a single product
The reactants and products of a single replacement reaction would
include• A single element and a compound
What will happen to the rate of reaction if you increase the concentration of the reactants?
• It will increase
What will happen to the rate of reaction if you increase the temperature?
• The rate will increase
What is activation energy?
• The amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur
What is a catalyst?
• A substance that when added to a reaction, will increase the rate of the reaction without being used up
What are enzymes?
• Proteins in the body that act as catalysts for biological processes
What is a limiting reactant?
• When there are more than 1 reactants - –the one that gets used up first and
limits that amount of product possible
Identify the parts of a reaction
• Coefficient• Reactant• Separates reactants or products• seperates reactants from products• Tells the state of the substance• product
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction in which energy is absorbed
What is an exothermic reaction?
• A reaction in which energy is released
Identify the following reaction as:synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double displacement, or combustion
NaNO3 (s) NaNO2 (s) + O2 (g)
decomposition
Identify the following reaction as:synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double displacement, or combustion
FeS (s) + HCl (aq) FeCl2 (aq) + H2S (g)
double displacement
Identify the following reaction as:synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double displacement, or combustion
CO (g) + O2 (g) CO2 (g) + H2O (g)
combustion
Identify the following reaction as:synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double displacement, or combustion
Al (s) + S (s) Al2S3 (s)
synthesis
Identify the following reaction as:synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double displacement, or combustion
KI (aq) + Cl2 (g) KCl (aq) +I2 (aq)
single displacement
Write a balanced chemical equation for the following reaction
sodium metal will combine with oxygen in dry air to form solid sodium oxide
4Na (s) + O2 (g) 2Na2O (s)
Balance the following equation
AlCl3 (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl3 (aq) + AlOH (s)
AlCl3 (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl3 (aq) + AlOH (s)
Balance the following equation
Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) CaOH2 (aq)
2Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) 2CaOH2 (aq)
What are the reactants in a double replacement reaction?
• 2 ionic compounds
In the equation 2K (s) + 2H2O (l) 2KOH (aq) + H2 (g), what is the physical state of each reactant and product?
reactants products
K – solid KOH – aqueous solutionH2O – liquid H2 - gas
Write a balanced chemical equation for the following reactionaluminum metal + hydrochloric acid aluminum chloride solution + hydrogen
2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2
• Chem I - done• Chem I honors continue
Determine the oxidation numbers of all elements of the following substances
Al
= 0
Determine the oxidation numbers of all elements of the following substances
Ca2+
= +2
Determine the oxidation numbers of all elements of the following substances
PO42-
P = +6O = -2
Determine the oxidation numbers of all elements of the following substances
C2H6O
C = -2H = +1O = -2
For the following redox reaction determine the element that is oxidized, reduced, the oxidizing
agent, and the reducing agent
H2C2O4 + K2MnO4 CO2 + K2O + Mn2O3 + H2O
• C - +3 +4 = lose 1 e- = oxidized, reducing agent
• Mn +6 +3 = gain 3 e- = reduced, oxidizing agent