UNIT 6 UNIT 6 EMERGING GLOBAL WORLDEMERGING GLOBAL WORLD

SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion age of discovery and expansion

into the Americas, Africa, and Asia. into the Americas, Africa, and Asia. a. Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include a. Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include

Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain. Champlain.

b. Define the Columbian Exchange and its global economic b. Define the Columbian Exchange and its global economic and cultural impact. and cultural impact.

c. Explain the role of improved technology in European c. Explain the role of improved technology in European exploration; include the astrolabe. exploration; include the astrolabe.

SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion

into the Americas, Africa, and Asia. a. Explain the roles of explorers and

conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.

AGE OF DISCOVERYAGE OF DISCOVERYAGE OF EXPLORATIONAGE OF EXPLORATION

The The Age of DiscoveryAge of Discovery, also known , also known as the as the Age of ExplorationAge of Exploration, was a , was a period starting in the early 15th period starting in the early 15th century and continuing to the 17th century and continuing to the 17th century during which century during which EuropeansEuropeans explored explored AfricaAfrica, the , the AmericasAmericas, , AsiaAsia and and OceaniaOceania. .

The The fall of Constantinoplefall of Constantinople in 1453 severed in 1453 severed European trade links by land with Asia European trade links by land with Asia

many to begin seeking routes east by sea many to begin seeking routes east by sea and spurred the age of explorationand spurred the age of exploration

Historians often refer to the 'Age of Historians often refer to the 'Age of Discovery as the pioneer Discovery as the pioneer PortuguesePortuguese and and SpanishSpanish long-distance maritime travels in long-distance maritime travels in search of alternative search of alternative trade routestrade routes to " to "the East Indiesthe East Indies", moved by the trade of ", moved by the trade of goldgold, , silversilver and and spicesspices..

RESULTS OF EXPLORATIONRESULTS OF EXPLORATION European overseas expansion led to the European overseas expansion led to the

rise of rise of colonial empirescolonial empires by the nations of by the nations of EuropeEurope

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange: a wide transfer of : a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, human populations plants, animals, foods, human populations (including (including slavesslaves), ), communicable diseasescommunicable diseases, and culture between the Eastern and , and culture between the Eastern and Western hemispheresWestern hemispheres

European explorationEuropean exploration allowed the global allowed the global mapping of the worldmapping of the world

new world-view and distant civilizations new world-view and distant civilizations acknowledging each otheracknowledging each other

15021502

Voyages of ColumbusVoyages of Columbus

CLIPCLIP

2 2 http://www.natgeoeducationvideo.com/film/1018/age-of-explorationhttp://www.natgeoeducationvideo.com/film/1018/age-of-exploration

1 1 http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Category.aspx?CategoryID=4159http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Category.aspx?CategoryID=4159

EXPLORERS AND EXPLORERS AND CONQUISTOADORSCONQUISTOADORS

ZHENG HEZHENG HE VASCO DA GAMAVASCO DA GAMA CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUSCHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS FERDINAND MAGELLANFERDINAND MAGELLAN JAMES COOKJAMES COOK SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAINSAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN

ZHENG HE ZHENG HE

ZHENG HEZHENG HE Zheng HeZheng He (1371–1433) (1371–1433) MuslimMuslim ChineseChinese court court marinermariner

, , explorerexplorer, , diplomatdiplomat and and fleet admiralfleet admiral

commanded voyages to commanded voyages to Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia, , South AsiaSouth Asia, , the the Middle EastMiddle East, , SomaliaSomalia and and the the Swahili coastSwahili coast, collectively , collectively referred to as the "Voyages of referred to as the "Voyages of Zheng He" from 1405 to 1433 Zheng He" from 1405 to 1433

As part of his desire to As part of his desire to expand Chinese influence expand Chinese influence throughout the known world, throughout the known world, Emperor Yongle sponsored Emperor Yongle sponsored the massive and long term the massive and long term ZhengZheng He He expeditions during expeditions during the Ming dynasty the Ming dynasty

http://www.1001inventions.com/media/documentaries/zhenghttp://www.1001inventions.com/media/documentaries/zheng

http://www.history.com/topics/ferdinand-magellan/videos#did-the-chinese-discover-americahttp://www.history.com/topics/ferdinand-magellan/videos#did-the-chinese-discover-america

VASCO DA GAMAVASCO DA GAMA c. 1460 or 1469 – 24 December c. 1460 or 1469 – 24 December

15241524 Portuguese explorerPortuguese explorer one of the most successful in the one of the most successful in the

Age of DiscoveryAge of Discovery commander of the first ships to commander of the first ships to

sail directly from sail directly from EuropeEurope to to IndiaIndia first European to reach first European to reach IndiaIndia

through seathrough sea This This discoverydiscovery was very was very

significant and paved the way for significant and paved the way for the Portuguese to establish a long the Portuguese to establish a long lasting lasting colonial empirecolonial empire in Asia in Asia

The route meant that the The route meant that the Portuguese wouldn't need to cross Portuguese wouldn't need to cross the highly disputed the highly disputed MediterraneanMediterranean nor the dangerous nor the dangerous ArabiaArabia, and , and that the whole voyage would be that the whole voyage would be made by sea.made by sea.

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUSCHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS ItalianItalian: : Cristoforo ColomboCristoforo Colombo; ;

SpanishSpanish: : Cristóbal ColónCristóbal Colón before 31 October 1451 – 20 May before 31 October 1451 – 20 May

1506 1506 explorer, navigator, and colonizerexplorer, navigator, and colonizer born in the born in the Republic of GenoaRepublic of Genoa, in , in

what is today northwestern what is today northwestern ItalyItaly Under the Roman CUnder the Roman C

atholic Monarchsatholic Monarchs of Spain, he of Spain, he completed completed four voyagesfour voyages across across the Atlantic Oceanthe Atlantic Ocean

Led to European awareness of the Led to European awareness of the American continentsAmerican continents

Voyages and efforts to establish Voyages and efforts to establish permanent settlements on the permanent settlements on the island of island of HispaniolaHispaniola, initiated the , initiated the Spanish colonizationSpanish colonization of the of the New WorldNew World..

11 http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/kids/history-kids/christopher-columbus-kids/http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/kids/history-kids/christopher-columbus-kids/ http://www.history.com/topics/ferdinand-magellan/videos#columbus-faces-down-the-mutinous-crewhttp://www.history.com/topics/ferdinand-magellan/videos#columbus-faces-down-the-mutinous-crew

FERDINAND MAGELLANFERDINAND MAGELLAN c. 1480 – 27 April 1521 c. 1480 – 27 April 1521 PPortugueseortuguese explorerexplorer served King served King Charles I of SpainCharles I of Spain in in

search of a westward route to the search of a westward route to the ""Spice IslandsSpice Islands" ( Indonesia)" ( Indonesia)

Magellan's expedition of 1519–Magellan's expedition of 1519–1522 became the first expedition 1522 became the first expedition to sail from the Atlantic Ocean to sail from the Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean (then into the Pacific Ocean (then named "peaceful sea" by named "peaceful sea" by Magellan; the passage being Magellan; the passage being made via the made via the Strait of MagellanStrait of Magellan), ), and the first to cross the Pacific. and the first to cross the Pacific. His expedition completed the first His expedition completed the first circumnavigationcircumnavigation of the of the EarthEarth, , although Magellan himself did not although Magellan himself did not complete the entire voyage, being complete the entire voyage, being killed during the killed during the Battle of Battle of MactanMactan in the Philippines. in the Philippines.

VICTORIA, MAGELLAN’S SHIPVICTORIA, MAGELLAN’S SHIP

When morning came, forty-nine of us leaped into the water up to our When morning came, forty-nine of us leaped into the water up to our thighs, and walked through water for more than two cross-bow flights thighs, and walked through water for more than two cross-bow flights before we could reach the shore. The boats could not approach nearer before we could reach the shore. The boats could not approach nearer because of certain rocks in the water. The other eleven men remained because of certain rocks in the water. The other eleven men remained behind to guard the boats. When we reached land, [the natives] had behind to guard the boats. When we reached land, [the natives] had formed in three divisions to the number of more than one thousand five formed in three divisions to the number of more than one thousand five hundred people. When they saw us, they charged down upon us with hundred people. When they saw us, they charged down upon us with exceeding loud cries... The musketeers and crossbow-men shot from a exceeding loud cries... The musketeers and crossbow-men shot from a distance for about a half-hour, but uselessly... Recognizing the captain, so distance for about a half-hour, but uselessly... Recognizing the captain, so many turned upon him that they knocked his helmet off his head twice... A many turned upon him that they knocked his helmet off his head twice... A native hurled a bamboo spear into the captain's face, but the latter native hurled a bamboo spear into the captain's face, but the latter immediately killed him with his lance, which he left in the native's body. immediately killed him with his lance, which he left in the native's body. Then, trying to lay hand on sword, he could draw it out but halfway, Then, trying to lay hand on sword, he could draw it out but halfway, because he had been wounded in the arm with a bamboo spear. When the because he had been wounded in the arm with a bamboo spear. When the natives saw that, they all hurled themselves upon him. One of them natives saw that, they all hurled themselves upon him. One of them wounded him on the left leg with a large cutlass, which resembles a wounded him on the left leg with a large cutlass, which resembles a scimitar, only being larger. That caused the captain to fall face downward, scimitar, only being larger. That caused the captain to fall face downward, when immediately they rushed upon him with iron and bamboo spears and when immediately they rushed upon him with iron and bamboo spears and with their cutlasses, until they killed our mirror, our light, our comfort, and with their cutlasses, until they killed our mirror, our light, our comfort, and our true guide. When they wounded him, he turned back many times to our true guide. When they wounded him, he turned back many times to see whether we were all in the boats. Thereupon, beholding him dead, we, see whether we were all in the boats. Thereupon, beholding him dead, we, wounded, retreated, as best we could, to the boats, which were already wounded, retreated, as best we could, to the boats, which were already pulling off pulling off

TECHNOLOGY PPTTECHNOLOGY PPT http://www.history.com/topics/ferdinand-magellan/videos#columbus-faces-down-the-mutinous-crewhttp://www.history.com/topics/ferdinand-magellan/videos#columbus-faces-down-the-mutinous-crew

SUMMARY PPTSUMMARY PPT http://www.slideshare.net/klgriffin/european-exploration-and-colonization-5806331http://www.slideshare.net/klgriffin/european-exploration-and-colonization-5806331

COMPASSCOMPASS

CARAVEL, SHIPCARAVEL, SHIP

RUDDERSRUDDERS

2 AND 3 MASTED SHIPS/SAILS 2 AND 3 MASTED SHIPS/SAILS

ASTROLABE, MEASURE LATITUDEASTROLABE, MEASURE LATITUDE

IMPROVED MAPSIMPROVED MAPS

EMERGING GLOBAL WORLDEMERGING GLOBAL WORLD

SSWH12 The student will examine the origins and contributions of the Ottoman,

Safavid, and Mughal empires. a. Describe the geographical extent of the

Ottoman Empire during the rule of Suleyman the Magnificent, the Safavid Empire during the reign of Shah Abbas I, and the Mughal Empire during the reigns of Babur and Akbar.

b. Explain the ways in which these Muslim empires influenced religion, law, and the arts in their parts of the world.

WHAT DO I KNOW ABOUT THE WHAT DO I KNOW ABOUT THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE?OTTOMAN EMPIRE?

WHAT DO I WANT TO KNOW ABOUT WHAT DO I WANT TO KNOW ABOUT THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE?THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE?

WHAT HAVE I LEARNED ABOUT THE WHAT HAVE I LEARNED ABOUT THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE?OTTOMAN EMPIRE?

OTTOMAN EMPIREOTTOMAN EMPIRE

OTTOMAN EMPIRE, GREATEST OTTOMAN EMPIRE, GREATEST EXTENTEXTENT

OTTOMAN EMPIRE, VIDEO OTTOMAN EMPIRE, VIDEO INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

http://www.veoh.com/watch/v1559179S7mXNy4p?h1=the+ottoman+empire+pt+1http://www.veoh.com/watch/v1559179S7mXNy4p?h1=the+ottoman+empire+pt+1

OTTOMAN EMPIREOTTOMAN EMPIRE

The The Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire Turkish EmpireTurkish Empire or or TurkeyTurkey a state founded by a state founded by TurkishTurkish tribes tribes

under under OsmanOsman BeyBey in north-western in north-western AnatoliaAnatolia in 1299 in 1299

With the conquest of With the conquest of ConstantinopleConstantinople by by MehmedMehmed II II in 1453, the Ottoman in 1453, the Ottoman state became an empire state became an empire

During the 16th and 17th centuries, in During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power particular at the height of its power under the reign of under the reign of Suleiman the MagnificentSuleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman , the Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful Empire was one of the most powerful states in the world – a multinational, states in the world – a multinational, multilingual empire that stretched N, S, multilingual empire that stretched N, S, E, and W from Turkey into SE EUROPE, E, and W from Turkey into SE EUROPE, N AFRICA, AND W ASIA. N AFRICA, AND W ASIA.

SULEYMAN THE MAGNIFICENTSULEYMAN THE MAGNIFICENT Suleiman ISuleiman I 6 November 1494 – c. 5 6 November 1494 – c. 5

September 1566September 1566 tenth and longest-reigning tenth and longest-reigning EmperorEmperor, , SultanSultan of of

the the Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire 1520 – 15661520 – 1566 WestWest, , Suleiman the MagnificentSuleiman the Magnificent EastEast, ", "The LawgiverThe Lawgiver complete reconstruction of the Ottoman legal complete reconstruction of the Ottoman legal

systemsystem prominent monarch of 16th century Europe, prominent monarch of 16th century Europe,

presiding over the apex of the Ottoman presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire's military, political and economic Empire's military, political and economic powerpower

Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies to Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies to conquer the Christian strongholds of conquer the Christian strongholds of BelgradeBelgrade, , RhodesRhodes, and most of , and most of HungaryHungary before his conquests were checked at the before his conquests were checked at the Siege of ViennaSiege of Vienna in 1529 in 1529

Annexed most of the Annexed most of the Middle EastMiddle East in his in his conflict with the conflict with the SafavidsSafavids

Under his rule, the Under his rule, the Ottoman fleetOttoman fleet dominated dominated the seas from the the seas from the MediterraneanMediterranean to the to the Red SeaRed Sea and the and the Persian GulfPersian Gulf

SSWH12 The student will examine the origins and contributions of the Ottoman,

Safavid, and Mughal empires. a. Describe the geographical extent of the

Ottoman Empire during the rule of Suleyman the Magnificent, the Safavid Empire during the reign of Shah Abbas I, and the Mughal Empire during the reigns of Babur and Akbar.

SAFAVID EMPIRESAFAVID EMPIRE

SAFAVID EMPIRE SAFAVID EMPIRE (PERSIA, MODERN DAY IRAN)(PERSIA, MODERN DAY IRAN)

The Safavid Empire lasted from 1501-1722The Safavid Empire lasted from 1501-1722 It covered all of Iran, and parts of Turkey and GeorgiaIt covered all of Iran, and parts of Turkey and Georgia The Safavid Empire was a theocracyThe Safavid Empire was a theocracy The state religion was The state religion was Shi'aShi'a Islam Islam All other religions, and forms of Islam were suppressedAll other religions, and forms of Islam were suppressed The Empire's economic strength came from its location on The Empire's economic strength came from its location on

the trade routesthe trade routes The Empire made Iran a centre of The Empire made Iran a centre of artart, architecture, poetry , architecture, poetry

and philosophyand philosophy The capital, Isfahan, is one of the most beautiful cities in The capital, Isfahan, is one of the most beautiful cities in

the worldthe world The key figures in the Empire were: The key figures in the Empire were: Isma'il IIsma'il I Abbas IAbbas I

Shāh ‘Abbās the Shāh ‘Abbās the GreatGreat

Shāh ‘Abbās IShāh ‘Abbās I 1571–16291571–1629 Shah (king) of IranShah (king) of Iran Considered the Considered the

greatest ruler of greatest ruler of the Safavid the Safavid dynasty. dynasty.

VIDEO CLIP, SHAH ABBASVIDEO CLIP, SHAH ABBAS http://www.britishmuseum.org/video/exhibitions/shah_abbas_-_video_archive/http://www.britishmuseum.org/video/exhibitions/shah_abbas_-_video_archive/

shah_abbas_intro_video.aspxshah_abbas_intro_video.aspx

SAFAVID VIDEO CLIPSAFAVID VIDEO CLIP http://www.ovguide.com/safavid-dynasty-9202a8c04000641f80000000001468bchttp://www.ovguide.com/safavid-dynasty-9202a8c04000641f80000000001468bc