unit 6 notes 2
TRANSCRIPT
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The Challenges of Urbanization
Unit 6- Immigration and Urbanization
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Urban Problems
Directions: After reading about the Urban Problems faced in American cities (p. 470), fill in the names of the specific problems in the circles provided. On the line below the circle, write an example of each problem; write a solution that cities used to solve that problem on the line below.
United States History Name______________________________________
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Urban Problems
1. Housing 3. Water
5. Crime
4. Sanitation6. Fire
2. Transportation
Tenements were overcrowded and unsanitary
Laws with standards for ventilation and plumbing
Street cars; electric subways
City populations were expanding
Filtration and chlorination, plumbing
Water from the street often contained disease; inadequate or no plumbing
Garbage and sewage in the streets; air pollution
Sewer lines and sanitation departments createdCrime increased as population increased
City-organized/salaried police forces
Wooden buildings; kerosene heaters
Paid fire departments; building with stone/brick/steel; fire sprinklers
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I. Urbanization- the growth of cities in the U.S. due to growing industry and increased immigrationRapid urbanization leads to widening
gap between rich and poor
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II. Migration from farms to citiesA. Technology made farming more
efficientFewer workers needed, moved to cities
B. “Great Migration”- 6M blacks moved north to escape violence and discrimination
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III. Urban Problems1. Housing
A. Tenements- multifamily urban dwellings. (Often overcrowded and unsanitary)
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2. CrimeA. Increased as population went upB. Prohibition groups believed that
alcohol was lowering public moralsC. Purity Crusaders wanted to get rid
of alcohol and prostitution
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3. FireA. Skyscrapers made possible by:
1. Steel frameworks2. Elevators
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B. Triangle Shirtwaist FactoryNYC, 1911146 female workers dies, mostly immigrants
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Jacob Riis Photos of the slums and tenements of NYC:
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IV. Social Gospel Movement preached salvation through service to the poor (social reform)A. Social Reformers opened settlement houses to help the poor
- They believed prosperous Americans should lead the reform effort (Jane Adam’s Hull House)