Unit 6 Table Of Contents

• #1 Industrialization Notes

• #2 Industrialization Summary

INDUSTRIALIZATIONINDUSTRIALIZATION

Industrial Revolution

• increased the output of machine-made goods

• Began in England in middle 1700s

• Spread to continental Europe and North America

Began in England

• Why ?– England had resources

• water and coal for power• Rivers for transportation• Harbors for overseas• Land, labor, & capital (wealth)

New Methods

• AgricultureAgriculture– Jethro Tull and crop seedingJethro Tull and crop seeding

• No more scattering of seedsNo more scattering of seeds

– Sheep breedingSheep breeding• Only breed the bestOnly breed the best• Produced healthier, heavier lambs = more meatProduced healthier, heavier lambs = more meat

New Methods

• Textiles– Flying shuttle for

weaving– Spinning jenny wheel– Cotton gin

New Methods

• TransportationTransportation– Steam engine: more efficient use of fuelSteam engine: more efficient use of fuel– Steam locomotivesSteam locomotives

• Life in suburbs now an optionLife in suburbs now an option

Urbanization

• Moving into the cities for work and better pay than on the farms

• 1800s population explosion

• Factories developed around available resources

Problems

• No sewers, dumps, drains

• Single living area with large families

• Sickness and disease: cholera– Life expectancy 17yrs

• Long work days– 14+ hour days, 6 days a week

• Child labor

Positives

• More jobs

• More money

• Wealth of nation greater

• Better way of life

Inventions

• Thomas Edison– Light bulb

• Alexander Graham Bell– Telephone

• Marconi– radio

Inventions

• Henry Ford– Assembly line

• Wright Brothers– plane

Inventions

• Pasteur (bacteria)

• Lister (germ killing antiseptics)

Inventions

• Darwin (theory of evolution)Darwin (theory of evolution)

• Mendel (genetics)Mendel (genetics)

• Mendeleev (Periodic Table)Mendeleev (Periodic Table)

• Marie Curie (Radioactive elements)Marie Curie (Radioactive elements)

Ideas

• Pavlov (psychology)

• Freud (psychoanalysis)

• Mass culture– Entertainment

• Music and movies

– Sports• Olympics reintroduced in 1896

Summary

• Describe 3 positive and 3 negative things about the Industrial Revolution