BUILDING AN EMPIRE

Unit 6

The Monroe Doctrine (1821) Russia was expanding into the

Americas Spain was looking to expand in Latin

and South America James Monroe “America was closed to colonization” Colonization threatens U.S peace and

safety

Imperialism /colonialism

Empire building Aquiring lands for resources for their

industries and to establish markets for their manufactured goods

Asia, Africa By 1867 U.S had claimed small

islands in the Pacific for coaling stations for ships and naval stations for their war ships

Midway Island, Samoan Islands

For Imperialism

Duty of the U.S to introduce Democracy, Education and Christianity to “savage” peoples

Advance other races

Become a major economic and military power

Against Imperialism

Taking over a nation or people is “un-american”

Self-determination (decide their own fate)

Incite war with other powers

THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

Why did the U.S go to war against Spain in 1898 and why was the outcome significant?

Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst Newspaper publishers of the World

and New York Journal exaggerated news stories about Spanish cruelty toward the Cubans in order to sell more newspapers.

Cuban Revolt Cubans rose up against Spanish rule in

the late 1800’s and many were imprisoned in reconcentration camps. Thousands of Cubans died from disease and starvation

Yellow Journalism The exaggerated

style of newspaper reporting during the 1890’s that helped influence public support for war with Spain

Trouble brewing in Cuba

Cubans wanted independence from Spain

Spanish crushed revolt and forced many Cubans into unsanitary prisons

Thousands died from disease and starvation

Americans supported rebellion

Americans feared unrest would hurt their investments in Cuba

Yellow journalism –exaggerated news stories stirred public support for intervention in Cuba Joseph Pulitzer and William

Randolph Hearst

DeLome Letter

Spain writes a letter calling President McKinley weak further angering Americans.

U.S.S Maine incident

American war ship is destroyed in Havana Harbor in Cuba and Americans blame Spain

Yellow Journalism ignites war

Newspapers publish exagerated articles about Cuban re-education camps

Published de Lome Letter and blame Spain for USS Maine explosion in Havana harbor

This arouses public support for a war against Spain

Congress declares war in 1898

Rough Riders

American fighting force led by Theodore Roosevelt

Navy Seals

San Juan Hill

Famous battle in Cuba between the Spanish and American armies. American victory helped end the war.

Yellow Fever and Malaria

Deadly jungle diseases that killed hundreds of American soldiers

A “Splendid Little War” with Spain

U.S destroys Spanish navy and captures Puerto Rico

5,500 U.S soldiers killed

This cartoon shows the recent U.S. acquisitions of such territories as Puerto Rico and Hawaii, making poor Uncle Sam……..

On July 1, the war in Cuba heated up as General Shafter’s troops charged Spanish forces at both San Juan Hill and Kettle Hill. By nightfall, the Rough Riders, led by Theodore Roosevelt, had defeated Spanish forces at Kettle Hill. Meanwhile, the U.S. Navy had attacked every Spanish ship at Santiago, causing the city to surrender. Despite these victories, we must not lose sight of the fact that American lives have been lost. About 5,500 Americans have died as a result of this war, mostly due to disease.

Platt Amendment

allowed U.S to intervene in Cuban affairs,

control the economy set up military base. U.S owned 60% of Cuban land and

industry

Why did the U.S send soldiers to fight in Cuba and the Philippines? To assist an ally of the U.S To stop human rights abuses To acquire resources To gain territory To gain power To improve national security To spread or protect American values and

moral beliefs (Democracy, Christianity) To protect democracies from tyrannical

governments

U.S investments in Cuba valued at $50 Million Dollar

Guantanamo Bay

Do you think the U.S was justified in sending troops overseas?

Cuba under U.S control

Improvements to education and farming

improved public health (yellow fever)

Stable government People lacked self-rule

Did the U.S promote or hinder the ideals of opportunity and democracy?

As a result of the Spanish American War the U.S became a world power

U.S military was a force to be reckoned with

U.S had oversees possessions in Cuba, Guam and the Philippines that provided necessary raw materials for industry, new places to trade American goods and locations for military bases

Anti-Imperialism- expansionism is against the principles of freedom and democracy

Imperialists – expansionism necessary for improved wealth and security of America

This cartoon shows the recent U.S. acquisitions of such territories as Puerto Rico and Hawaii, making poor Uncle Sam too fat for his current clothes. President McKinley, his tailor, seems only too happy to fit Uncle Sam with new garments, more suitable to a nation growing larger by the year. Some visitors from the Anti-Imperialist League are encouraging him to drink “anti-expansion medicine” that may bring him back to his normal size. However, with the new lands gained by the Spanish-American War, and with the Platt Amendment giving America more control over Cuba, it seems unlikely Uncle Sam will slim down any time soon.