Unit 6

When was it invented?

Section A 第一课时

Can you read ?

heel /hi:l/ n. 鞋跟；足跟 electricity /ilektrisəti/ n. 电；电能 scoop /sku:p/ n. 勺；铲子 style /stail/ n. 样式；款式 project /prɔdzekt/, /pra:dzekt/ n. 项目；工程pleasure /plezə(r)/ n. 高兴；愉快zipper /zipə(r)/ n. (= zip) 拉链；拉锁daily /deili/ adj. 每日的；日常的 website /websait/ n. 网站 pioneer /paiəniə/, /paiənir/ n. 先锋；先驱list /list/v. 列表；列清单 n. 名单；清单mention /menSn/v. 提到；说到

Which do you think is the most

important invention in the world?

What others can you think of?

TV? telephone? radio?

computer? calculator? car?

Do you know what they are?

computer

radio

television

calculator

telephone

car

1a. Groupwork

• Look at the things below. In what orders do you think they were invented? Number them [1-5]

5 2

4 1 3

1b. Listen and match the inventions with the dates.

1885 1976

a b

1876

d

1b 　 Alice: Was your life very difficult when you we re a kid?Grandma: Oh, not really. Why?Alice: Well, you didn’t have modern inventions like a telephone, right?Grandma: Of course we did! How old do you think I am? The telephone was invented in 1876. You need to take a history class, Alice!Alice: Haha! How about cars? They weren’t invented yet, were they?

Grandma: Yes, they were. Cars were invented in 1885. My family had a car.Alice: Well, did you have a TV?Grandma: No, we couldn’t afford one. They were expensive in those days. The TV was invented around 1927, I think.Alice: Well, I know that you didn’t have a computer because we learned in school that personal computers were invented in 1976.Grandma: You’re right. But I have one now!

According to what you have listened,

answer the questions below. 1. What did the grandma have when she was

young?

2. Why didn’t they have a television at that time?

3. Does grandma have personal computer now?

Telephone and car.

Because it was expensive.

Yes, she does.

1c. Pairwork

When was the computer invented?

I think it was invented in 1976.

______Shoes with special heels

_______ shoes with lights

_______ ice cream scoop runs on electricity

2a.Listen and number the inventions in the order.

31

2

2b. Listen again and match the items in columns.

Invention What is it/are they used for?

shoes with special heels

_____ the style of the shoes

Shoes with lights

seeing ___________

Hot ice cream scoop

______ really cold ice cream

2b. Listen again and match the items in

columns.

Invention What is it/are they used for?

shoes with special heels

changing the style of the shoes

Shoes with lights

seeing in the dark

Hot ice cream scoop

scooping really cold ice cream

Alex: Hi, Carol. Wow, what are those?Carol: Hello, Alex. Oh, these are some of the interesting inventions that I’m writing about for my English homework.Alex: I see…What’s that, then?Carol: They’re shoes with lights. People use them for seeing in the dark when you get up at night.Alex: Oh, that’s a cool idea! I always hit my toe on something on the way to the bathroom at night.

Carol: Next is a special ice-cream scoop. This is my favorite invention. It runs on electricity and becomes hot.Alex: I know what it’s for! It’s used for serving really cold ice-creamCarol: Yes, that’s right! The last invention I’m going to write about is shoes with special heels. You can move the heels up and down.Alex: What are they used for?Carol: Well, you can change the style of your shoes. You can raise the heels if you are going to a party or lower them if you are just going out for shopping.

2c. Pairwork

What is it used for?

It is used for seeing in thedark.

2d. Role-play the conversation

Grammar focus

When was the car invented?

It was invented in 1885.

When were electric slippers invented?

They were invented last year.

Who were they invented by?

They were invented by Julie Thompson.

What are they used for? They’re used for seeing in the dark.

The passive voice一、语态 英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示 主语是动作的承受者，在被动语态中动作 的执行者 有时用 by 短语表示出来。二、被动语态的构成 助动词 be+ 及物动词的过去分词 am(is,are)+done 一般现在时 was(were)+done 一般过去时

三、被动语态的用法1. 不知动作执行者时，常用被动语态。eg. My bike was stolen yesterday.

This car is made in America.

2. 不必要说出动作执行者时，常用被动语态。eg. Rome was not built in a day.

3. 为了突出强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。

eg. Thousands of beaches are polluted .

四、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤 :

They speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语

English is spoken by them.

主语 谓语动词的过去分词 宾语

(1) 主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

(2) 主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语动词，即 “ be+ 及物动词的过去分词” (be有时态、人称和数的变化 ) 。

(3) 主动语态的主语变为 by 的宾语。

主动语态变为被动语态的步骤

主动语态改被动语态

Bell invented　 the telephone in 1876.

was by

五、被动语态的时态表示 被动语态的时态一般只通过 be 表现 , 过去分词 不变。例如：一般现在时 : The trees are planted by the farmers.

一般过去时 : The trees were planted by the

farmers.

现在进行时 : The trees are being planted by the

farmers.

一般将来时： The trees will be planted by the

farmers.

现在完成时： The trees have been planted by

the farmers.

含情态动词的被动语态： The trees can

(must,should) be planted by the farmers.

六、被动语态的几种句型：肯定句 主语 +be+ 过去分词 +(by…)A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.否定句 主语 +be+not+ 过去分词 +(by…)A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage.一般疑问句 Be+ 主语 + 过去分词 +(by…)Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?特殊疑问句 疑问词 +be+ 主语 + 过去分词 +(by…)Where was a sweet song sung by her?

• They produced that kind of car.

• The workers built a bridge over the river.

• Mother tells me a story every day.

请把下列主动句变为被动句。

That kind of car was produced by them.

A bridge was built by the workers over the river.

I am told a story by mother every day.

1. The woman asked the policeman for help.

2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.

3. Do they use the box as a table?

4. She sent me a collection last week.

5. The teacher doesn’t teach us math this term.

练习 : 请把下列主动句变为被动句

6. Did Lily buy her sister a hat?

7. We often hear him play the violin at home.

8. The lazy boy didn’t wash clothes yesterday.

9. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.

10.When did your father took you to the park.

Homework

• Make a list of as least five helpful inventions and five annoying inventions. Write them down on the form on the book.