Unit 7Injury Management

Objective 3: Recognize abdominal injuries, bleeding, and shock

Objective 5: Describe the treatment for medical conditions

Objective 6: Recognize and provide treatment for environmental conditions

Soft Tissue Injury Treatment

• Clean area with soap and water

• Apply antibiotic cream

• Apply sterile bandage

• Watch for infection

BLEEDING• Arterial Bleeding

• Bright red and spurts• Hard to stop and life-threatening

• Venous Bleeding• Dark red and steady flow• Easier to control

• Capillary Bleeding• Slow and steady• Greater chance of infection

• 10% loss of blood volume may be critical

Controlling External Bleeding

• Apply direct pressure with sterile dressing

• Cover with a roller

bandage• Bleeding does

not stop• Additional dressing

• Minimize shock

• Call 911

Internal Bleeding• What do you do?• CALL 911

Immediately!!• DO not give

anything to eat or drink

• Life threatening - Death will be the outcome without QUICK advanced medical care!

Internal Bleeding Signs and Symptoms

• Tender, swollen, hard areas

• Rapid, weak pulse

• Skin cool, pale, moist

• Vomit blood

• Excessive thirst

• Confusion

• LOC

SHOCK• Life-threatening condition when there is

not enough blood being delivered to vital organs

• SIGNALS: • Restless or altered level of

consciousness• Rapid breathing or pulse• Pale, ashen, cool, moist skin• Thirsty

Treatment for SHOCK

• Call 911 and monitor ABC’s and vital signs, treat conditions

• Elevate legs 12 inches• Keep person comfortable• DO NOT give person anything to

eat or drink

Abdominal Injuries

• Ruptured Spleen

• Located ULQ

• Caused by blow to abdomen

• S/S = rigid abdomen, nausea, vomiting and possible signs of shock

• Khers sign

• Left shoulder and arm pain

• Can cause profuse hemorrhaging and death

Abdominal Injuries

• Appendicitis• Located RLQ

• Caused by bacterial infection from an obstruction

• Mild to severe cramping, nausea, vomiting and low fever, RLQ pain

• Surgery required

Abdominal Injuries • HERNIA• Protrusion of

abdominal viscera through abdominal wall

• Common in groin- inguinal hernia

• Superficial protrusion may be observed, pain is increased by sudden movements, coughing or sneezing

• Surgery required

SPLINTING• Only if the person must be moved• In the position you find it• Joints above and below must be immobile

- SNUG• Check circulation before and after

(warmth, color)• Only if you can do without causing more

pain

Head, Neck and Back Injuries

• Biggest Concern?• Paralysis if moved

• Signal of One?• Change in conscious• Numbness or tingling or loss of

movement• Complain pain or point tenderness on

cervical spine

• Care for?• MINIMIZE MOVEMENT• Provide in-line stabilization

What if athlete is wearing a helmet?• Do not remove• IF need to gain access to airway use

appropriate equipment to minimize movement of spine

Care for Medical Conditions

• Seizure• Protect from

injury• Do not put

anything in mouth

• Do not hold down

• Faints• Lay down &

elevate legs

Care for Medical Conditions• Diabetic (Too

much or little sugar in person’s blood)• Give sugar if

conscious

• Asthma• Help administer

inhaler

Heat Illnesses

• Normally progress in severity• Heat cramps• Heat

exhaustion• Heat Stroke

• Caused by combination of strenuous activity and hot/humid weather

• Fluid imbalances

Heat Cramps• Result from fluid

volume problem• Can be prevented

by drinking water before and throughout activity

• Stretch the affected muscle slowley

Heat Illnesses

• Heat exhaustion• Profuse

sweating

• Pale skin

• Nausea

• Dizzy

• Headache

• Altered LOC

• Heat stroke• Red, flushed dry

skin, irritable, aggressive

• Headache

• Dizzy, weak

• Sweat mechanism shut off

• Most serious heat condition- call 911

Treatment of Heat Illnesses• Move victim to cool place

• Give cool water - small amounts if conscious

• Immerse in cold water or use ice towels

• Fan, sponge off

• Loosen clothing

• Victim not improve or won’t drink= call 911

Cold-Related Illnesses

• Frostbite• Lack of feeling• Skin appears

white & waxy• Skin cold to

touch

• Hypothermia• Shivering• Numbness• Glassy Stare• Decrease LOC• Weakness• Impaired

Judgement

Treatment for Cold related illnesses

• Gently& SLOWLY warm victim• Warm too quickly can a cause

heart arrhythmias• Check ABC’s• Remove wet clothing and cover with

blankets• Handle carefully• Frostbite

• Soak in warm water

• Cover - DO NOT RUB