unit b2-3 floriculture horticulture cd. problem area 2 floral design
TRANSCRIPT
Interest Approach
Take a look at the design to the right. Why does this arrangement look so good? Would you do anything to improve it?
Now look at these two designs. What’s wrong with them? How could you make them better?
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Student Objectives
1. Define floral design 2. List the principles of floral design 3. Explain the concept of proportion 4. Explain how the concept of balance is applied to
floral design 5. Describe how rhythm is applied in floral work 6. Explain how the principles of dominance and
focal point are used in floral design
Vocabulary Asymmetrical balance Balance Centering Contrast Counterbalancing Dominance Floral design Focal point Free, variable rhythm Physical balance Principles of design Proportion
Radiation Regular, repeated rhythm Repetition Rhythm Symmetrical balance Transition Variation Variety Visual balance Visual weight
What Is Floral Design?
Floral design is the art of organizing the design elements inherent in plant materials and accessories according to the principles of design art It is commonly called floral arranging People who arrange flowers are called floral
designers• These people have spent many hours mastering
the art and design principles
What Are the Principles of Design and How Are They Used?
Principles of design are the rules and guidelines used by floral designers to create floral arrangements
There are four major design principles : proportion, balance, rhythm and dominance Radiation, repetition, transition, variation,
contrast and focal point are minor principles
Major Design Principles
Proportion Pleasing relationship between size & shape among objects and parts of objects
Balance Refers to the arrangement’s equilibrium and equality in weight, both physical & visual
Rhythm Orderly organization of the design elements to create a visual pathway
Dominance One design element is more prevalent or noticeable capturing the viewer’s attention
Minor Design Principles
Radiation Makes the arrangement look as if all the stems are coming out of one point
Repetition Repeating the use of floral design elements to create unit in the work
Transition Smooth gradual change from one material or element to another
Variation Diverse assortment of materials, stimulating interest
Contrast Describes objects arranged with a striking difference, stimulating interest
Focal Point Center of interest of the design, visually tying it together
How Is Proportion Achieved in Floral Design?
The design must be in proportion to where it is going to be displayed It must be suitable for and in harmony
with its location• For example, a small bud vase of flowers
would be inappropriate on a church altar• Also, a huge basket of flowers would not be
in proportion on a small coffee table
The height of an arrangement should be 1 1/2 to 2 times the height or width of the container The height may be
increased depending on room dimensions and material types
Containers are a primary factor in determining height
Consider: Physical dimensions Color Material & texture Shape
A darker vase can visually hold a larger arrangement than a glass vase.
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Flowers and foliage of equal or nearly equal size will help in achieving proper proportion For example, orchids
should not be mixed with baby’s breath
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What Is Balance and How Is It Achieved?
There are two types of balance: Physical = actual stability of the arrangement
• The arrangement can stand freely and won’t fall over
Visual = refers to the perception of the arrangement being balanced; Should be evident from top to bottom, side to side and front to back
• Designs not balanced will look out of sorts like a crooked painting on a wall
• There are two types of visual balance• Symmetrical balance - having equal numbers
of plant materials on both sides of a central axis
• Round, fan, triangle and the inverted T are examples of symmetrical design forms
• Asymmetrical balance - having unequal placement of plant materials and weight of materials on each side of the central axis
• Hogarth curve, crescent, diagonal and right triangles are example of asymmetrical design forms
Balance can be achieved through the following methods: 1. Visual weight - a flower’s perceived
lightness or heaviness based on its color, shape and pattern
• Varying visual weight helps achieve the compensation or counterbalancing in asymmetrical designs
• Lighter colors should be used towards the top and sides; Darker ones towards the bottom and center
2. Designers use three main techniques to help achieve balance:
• A) visual weight= a flower’s perceived lightness or heaviness based on its shape, color and pattern
• Varying visual weight helps achieve the counterbalancing in asymmetrical arrangements
• Light colors towards top and sides; Darker towards bottom and center
• B) centering= the technique of placing dominant plant material along a design’s central vertical axis
• C) counterbalancing= means balancing plant materials on one side of a design with visually equal materials on the opposite side
• It is essential in asymmetrical work
• Can be used to avoid strict mirror imaging in symmetrical work
How Is Rhythm Created in a Floral Design?
Creating a pathway for the eye to follow is the purpose of rhythm An arrangement with good rhythm will cause
the viewer to look at the entire piece Two types:
A) regular, repeated rhythm – present when materials are repeated at regular intervals from top to bottom in the arrangement
B) free, variable rhythm- is an unstructured style with subtle flowing movements created with unstructured materials
There are five ways to achieve both free and regular rhythm
Ways of Creating Rhythm
Radiation Stems radiate out naturally from the container; looks like spokes on a wheel
Repetition Repeating design elements throughout an arrangement including, but not limited to color, shape, space & lines
Transition Change from one material to another; should be smooth & gradual, such as in color changes
Variety Diverse assortment of differing components in a design; focuses attention & stimulates interest
Contrast Describes objects that have striking differences beyond mere variety or diversity, taking variety to a higher degree
What Is Dominance and How Is Focal Point Used to Create It?
The use of dominance suggests to the viewer what is important in a design Interest and attention are captured when one
feature dominates and others are secondary Can be achieved by:
1) using dominant plant material 2) using an emphasized design element 3) using a distinct style of design
4) using a theme 5) using a focal point
Focal point is the center of interest Not all arrangements have a focal point
• For example, round arrangements There are several ways to create a focal
point
Ways of Creating a Focal Point
Use of large flowers there Ex. Football mum
Use of special form flowers Ex. Orchid
Employing dark shades Vary concentration of
plant material
Use of framing methods Ex. Curved lines as in
crescent shape Use of strong color
contrasts Radiation of plant
material to a particular area
Use of accessories
Summary
What is floral design? Name the four major design principles. What is focal point? Explain the proportional rule of “1 ½ to 2 times.” Where should heavy colors go? Light colors? How is physical balance different from visual
balance? What is the difference between symmetrical and
asymmetrical balance?