A P P E N D I X A

Unit Conversion Constants l

Volume Equivalents

ft= US gal

Mass Equivalents

avoirdupois o z Ibm grains 9 kg

'Selected from David M. Himmelblau, Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering, 4th ed. (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1982).

?nq*-C*?5nr \ iF l "Drnn - 1 -- -

- -

562 Appendix A

Linear Measure

rn in R mi

1 39.37 3.2808 6.214 X 2.54 X 1 8.333 X lo-' 1.58 x lo3 0.3048 12 1 1.8939 X

1609 6.336 X 1@ 5280 1

Power Equivalents

Btu Is Jls

0.7457 550 0.7068 745.7 1.341 1 737.56 0.9478 1000 1.818 X lo-' 1.356 X lo-" 1 1.285 X 1.356

1.055 778.16 1 1055 1.341 X lo-' 1.000 x 10-3 0.7376 9.478 X 1

Heat, Energy, or Work Equivalents

cal J

3.766 X 5.0505 X 1.285 X lo-' 0.3241 1.356 2.655 X lo6 1 1.341 3412.8 8.6057 X 1@ 3.6 X lo6 1.98 X lo6 0.7455 1 2545 6.4162 X lo5 2.6845 X lo6

778.16 2.930 X lo-'' 3.930 X lo-' 1 252 1055 3.086 1.162 X 1.558 X 3.97 x lo-3 1 4.184 0.7376 2.773 X 3.725 X 9.484 X .lo-' 0.2390 1

Pressure Equivalents

kPa psia

3.937 X lo-' 1.333 X 1.316 X 0.1333 1.934 X lo-' 25.40 1 0.03387 3.342 X 3.387 0.4912

750.06 29.53 1 0.9869 100.0 1.415 X 101.3 14.696

7.502 0.2954 0.01000 9.872 X 1 0.1451 51.71 2.036 6.893 X lo-' 6.805 X lo-* 6.893

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Unit Conversion Constants 563

Ideal Gas Constant R,

1.9872 callg-mol K 1.9872 Btullb-mol0R 10.731 psia ft3/lb-molOR 8.3143 kPa m31kg-mol K = 8.314 Jlg-mol K 82.057 cm3 atmlg-mol K = 8.2057 x lo-* m3 atmlmol K 0.082057 L atmlg-mol K = 0.082057 m3 atmlkg-mol K 21.9 (in Hg) ft3/lb-molO~ 0.7302 ft3 atmllb-moloR 1,545.3 ft Ibdlb-molOR

~ravitational Constant, g, - ~~

32.174 ft-lbmllbrs2 1 (kg mls2) /~ 1 (g cm/s2)ldyne

Miscellaneous

1 Poise = 100 centipoise = 0.1 kg/m s = 0.1 Pa s = 0.1 N slm2 1N=1kgmls2 1J=1Nm=1kgm21s2 1 centipoise = 1 X kglm s = 2.4191 Iblft-hr = 6.7197 X Ib/ft s