Unit one

Verbs to Be

Parts of speech in English

• Nouns• pronouns • Verbs • Adjectives • Adverbs • Prepositions

Nouns Nouns are used to name: - people (Sara , Ahmad, Girl, Doctor, etc.

- Places (hospital, Garden, house, Riyadh, France)

- Animals and insects(cat, bird, horse, bee)

- Things (chair, belief, childhood, perfume)

Nouns

Singular(only one)

plural(group, many )

Nouns • Singular: (only one) we use a or an in front of

a singular noun. • a is used with a word that begins with a

consonant: ( b, d , c , f, k, etc.) a book a door a car a teacher • an is used with a word that begins with a

vowel: (a, u, i, e, o) an apple an egg an idea an uncle

Add (a) or (an)

…….eye ……university …….heart …….hour ……bed …….office

Nouns• Plural: (group or many). - regular plural s A book books a bus buses a watch watches a dish dishes a box boxes a baby babies a boy boys a life lives a Knife knives

-Irregular plural(change form)Man men Tooth teethMouse mice Child childrenSheep sheep Fish fish

Subject pronouns

Subject pronouns are used in front of the verb to show the person who performs the action.

He = for a man or a boy She= for a woman or a girl It= for an animal, a thing, or a placeThey= for the plural (people, animals, things and

places)

Plural Singular

We I

You You

They He / she /it

Simple present of Be• I am a teacher. You are students.

• We are ladies. She is Saudi.

He is a doctor. It is a book.

Negative of to BeI am not a student. She is not American.

You are not from England. We are not hungry. It is not good.

The Eiffel TowerThe Eiffel Tower is an iron tower

located in Paris. The tower is the tallest building in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; millions of people visit it every year. Tickets can be purchased to ascend, by stairs or lift, to the first and second levels.

- singular nouns - Plural nouns

Correct the mistakes

1- The new dresses are beautiful but it is expensive.

2- My mother is a doctor. He likes to help people.

3- I love Paris. she is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.

4- Those are the new books. We look good.

Adjectives 1- Nationality adjectives: We usually make adjectives

of nationality from the name of the country. We write the country and the adjective with a capital letter.

Argentina Argentinian Brazil Brazilian Egypt Egyptian Ireland Irish Morocco MoroccanPoland Polish

Adjective 2- Descriptive Adjective: They describe people,

things, or places. Danny is happy. Lemons are yellow. They are hungry. She is tall.

The adjective always goes before the noun.

They are happy people. It is a small skirt.

Riyadh is a beautiful city.

Adjectives do not change for singular or

plural. He is famous.

They are good women.

Make each sentence plural: 1- An apple is red.

2- She is a good woman.

3- It is a new computer.

4- I am Polish.

5- A good friend is important.

Adjective 3- Possessive adjectives: we use possessive adjectives

before nouns to show that something belongs to someone.

This is my book His name is James.

Your mother is here. Her house is big.

I visited the kids in their school.

We are watching our favorite movie.

Don’t judge a book by its cover.

Complete the passage. with my, your, his, her, its, our or their:

I have a brother. ……………. Brother is married.

……..wife is a teacher. They have a baby.

………….baby is six months old. The baby is a girl.

…………..name is Susan. I have a sister, too. …………

name is Sandra. She is married and …………

husband’s name is George. They have a boy.

…………..name is Alex.

Adjectives• 4- Demonstrative adjectives: We use this and

these for people and things that are near to us.

• We use that and those for people and things that are not near.

Plural Singular These books This book

Those books That book

Louise and her daughter Mandy are going to London. Complete the sentences with this, these, that, those, it or they: - Is this the train to London? - Yes, ……………… is. - Excuse me, are …………….seats here free? - Yes, …………….are. - ……………..seat here is good. ………..by the window. Mandy!

Look at …………….horses over there!. - Yes. ………………are lovely. Mum, I’m hungry.- …………..are the sandwiches, Mandy. ………….sandwich here is

cheese and …………..sandwich there is ham. - ………………..sandwich here please. Mm. ………………..sandwich

is good.

Yes/ no questions with to be. • Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.

Is she American? Yes, She is No, she isn’t.

Read the information about the girl . Then complete the questions and answers:

Name: Patricia LopezAge: 20 Job: student Nationality: SpanishMarital status: single

1- ………………. A teacher? No, …………….2- Is she young? Yes, ……………….3- Is she Brazilian? ……………………..4- ………... Spanish? ……………………..5- ……………20 years old? ……………………..6- Is she a student? Yes, ………………7- ………… 21 years old? No,

Questions with What, where, and who- What to ask about things. What is that?

- Where to ask about place. Where is Liza?

- Who to ask about people. Who is he?

Make questions:

1- ………………………………………..? She is Sara Jones.

2- ………………………………………….?She is an actress.

3-……………………………………………?She is from New York.

Make questions:

1- …………………………………………..? We are Julie and Pierre.

2- ………………………………………………?We are from France.

3- ………………………………………………?He is my brother.

Prepositions of place

Describe the picture: