unit portfolio: interpreting graphs
TRANSCRIPT
Unit Portfolio:
Interpreting Graphs
36. How much did
the native population decrease between 1519 and 1605?
37. What effect do you think this would have on the Spaniards’ attempts to conquer the region?
Unit 1: Exploration and Colonization
Lesson 5: Effects of Colonization
Part B: Americas Textbook Correlation: Chapter 3
Today’s Standard
7-1.5 Compare the differing ways that European nations developed political and economic influences, including trade and settlement patterns, on the continents of Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
Essential Questions
How did the European colonial powers colonize the Americas? What were the effects of this colonization?
Key Vocabulary Conquistador
Racism
Indentured Servant
Redemptioners
Encomienda
Catholicism
Puritans
Viceroy
Spanish Conquistadores “Conquerors”
Spanish soldiers who defeated the native civilizations of the Americas
Hernand Cortez defeated the Aztecs
◦ Better weapons
◦ Aztecs had many enemies
◦ Diseases weakened natives
Francisco Pizarro defeated the Incas
◦ Better weapons
◦ Incan Empire weakened by civil war and disease
◦ Atahualpa:
Incan Emperor
Ambushed, Captured, Ransomed, and Killed
No organized resistance after his death
Social System
Social status based on race ◦ Racism: the belief that one race is better than
another
Peninsulares:
◦ Spanish settlers
◦ Mostly men
◦ Lived and worked amongst the natives
Mestizo
◦ Mixed Spanish and Native American
Over time a mixed culture emerged
People who worked for a set time to pay off a debt
Used by British and French
Redemptioners: Group of British indentured servants
Agreed to work in exchange for cost to travel to and live in America
25% of indentured servants were criminals
◦ Sentenced to work in colonies
◦ British colonies of Georgia and Australia
Not enough indentured servants to work fields
Who’s Gonna do all the Work on the Plantations?
Indentured Servants
Who’s Gonna do all the Work on the Plantations?
Native Americans
Spain and Portugal
Needed labor for mines and sugar plantations
in the West Indies and Brazil
Encomienda
◦ The right to demand labor from Native Americans
◦ Landlords granted a certain number of natives by
the colonial government
Encomienda System
Landlords were
supposed to…
◦ Treat workers fairly
and protect them
◦ Instruct them in
Spanish and
Catholicism: system,
practice, and doctrine
of the Roman
Catholic Church
In reality…
◦ Little different than
slavery
◦ Millions died of
exhaustion and
disease
◦ Forced to convert
religion
Spain and Portugal ◦ Began importing African slaves as
Native Americans died out
◦ Sent to sugar plantations and mines in West Indies and Brazil
English ◦ Southern 13 colonies and West Indies
◦ Grew tobacco, rice, and indigo
French ◦ Haiti and Louisiana
◦ Grew sugar, indigo, and tobacco
Dutch ◦ Plantations in West Indies and South
America (Guiana)
Who’s Gonna do all the Work on the Plantations?
African Slaves
End Day 1: Friday
Unit Portfolio: DBQ
38. What evidence is there that the English forced the natives to sell their grain?
39. What eventually happened to the shipload of grain?
Dutch
◦ New Amsterdam
Fur trading post
Religious and cultural tolerance drew many Europeans
◦ Created a few unsuccessful trading posts in South
America
French
◦ Traded for furs with Native American tribes
◦ Got along well with Native Americans
British
◦ Established fur trade in Canada
Trading Posts
English Settler Colonies
Jamestown: First permanent English settlement
Many settlers came seeking religious freedom
◦ Pilgrims founded Plymouth
◦ Puritans:
Religious group who wanted to “purify” the church
Disagreed with the Church of England
Founded Massachusetts
English and the Native Americans ◦ Lived peacefully alongside natives at first
◦ As more English settlers arrived, natives were forced off land
Colonial Governments
Spanish and Portuguese ◦ Strict control
◦ Used strong central governments
◦ Viceroy: Governor of a colony who represented the king
French and Dutch
◦ Looser control
◦ Colonists allowed some self-rule
British
◦ Loosest control
◦ Allowed representative colonial governments
◦ Virginia-House of Burgess
End Day 2: Monday
Unit Portfolio: Video Quiz 40. Which European countries fought in the French
and Indian War?
41. What was the outcome?
If completing these outside of class, use
the internet to research the answers
Conflict in the Americas
English took New Amsterdam from the
Dutch French and Indian War ◦ British and their Native American allies
vs.
◦ French and their Native American Allies
◦ Result: French kicked out of North America
Thinking Question:
Why did the French have more Native American Allies than the British?
Europeans and Native Americans Disease killed millions
◦ Immunity: ability of the body to resist disease
◦ 50%-90% of the Native American population was
killed by European diseases
Missionaries spread Christianity to natives
◦ Often by force
◦ Natives in South America were beaten if caught practicing their own religions
Treatment of Native Americans ◦ Spanish and Portuguese
Enslaved natives and forced them to work on plantations and in mines
◦ English
Lived peacefully alongside natives at first
As more English settlers arrived, natives were forced off land
◦ French
Relied on natives for trade
Treated them well
Lived among natives
Learned native languages
Unit Portfolio-Check on Learning
42. What economic policy was supported by plantation and trading colonies?
43. Name three colonies that used the plantation system.
44. Why did the French get along better with the Native Americans?