unit xiv: excretion
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Unit XIV: Excretion. Removal of Metabolic Wastes. ___________________________________________ of metabolic wastes A build up wastes would become ________ to the organism Those wastes maybe be _____________________________. A. Metabolic Wastes - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Unit XIV: ExcretionUnit XIV: Excretion
Removal of Metabolic WastesRemoval of Metabolic Wastes
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___________________________________________ of metabolic wastes A build up wastes would become ________ to the organismThose wastes maybe be _____________________________
A. Metabolic Wastes material made from the substances that are utilized by cells a) ___________________________________________ b) _________________________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________________
d) _________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
e) _________________________________________________________
*feces is not considered a metabolic waste because is has never entered the cells
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B. Adaptations for Excretion
1. Excretion in Protists - ____________ out through the ________________ - _______________ – ___________________ – removes water from the paramecium
2. Excretion in the Hydra - ___________ out through the ______________ very similar to the protists
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3. Excretion in the Earthworm - large and multicellular – most of its __________________ with the environment ___________________________ ______________________ - __________ – excretory structure found in pairs in most of the segments
Creates ______________________________________ ____________________________________________ Nephrostome – _____________________ from the body cavity of the worm; funnel shaped with cilia Capillaries – __________________________________ ____________; also reabsorb useful materials Bladder – _______________ until they are ready to be released Nephridiopore – ____________________ of the body
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Nephridia is designed very similar __________________________________
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4. Excretion in the Grasshopper - Wastes enter _____________________ from the body cavity by __________________________________ - Wastes are then ________________________________ - In the intestines ___________________________ and the ______________________________________________ - __________________________________________ does not dissolve in water ___ ________________ excreted by insects, reptiles, birds - ________________________________________________
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C. NITROGENOUS WASTES Formed from the _________________________________ 1. ________________________
- simplest but _______________________- Made by all organisms but has to be
transformed by organisms as not to kill them 2. ________________________
- less ______________________________________ of ___________________
- Made by __________________________, fish 3. ________________________
- least toxic, dry, does not dissolve in water- Made by _____________, reptiles, birds
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D. Human Excretory System 1. Lungs - Lungs remove ______ and ______ - CO2 and H2O are the end products of ______________
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2. Role of the Liver a) _________________________ - removes ______________________________ - bacteria, drugs, hormones - returns less toxic materials to the blood to be excreted from the body b) _________________ - made of ______________________________________ - collected in the gall bladder and released into the intestines - helps digest and absorb fat - small intestine reabsorbs much of the bile salts - ____________ – build up of broken down hemoglobin
turn yellow – eyes, finger nails, skin
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c) ______________________ - Made from broken down amino acids - ___________ ___________ ____________
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3. Urinary Systema) __________________ - ___________ organs, “washing machines”, 3 layers - ______ (outer), _______ (middle), ___________ (inner) - Remove __________________ - __________________ - ____________________ of substances (___________)
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* _______________ * - _________________________________ - millions of nephrons in each kidney - Blood enters the nephron from the renal artery - _______________ – collection of _________________ - _________________________________________________ __________- (collecting duct) pushed out under _________ good and bad substances - __________________________ _______________ = filtrate – 180 L per day - ___________ – filtrate passes into ___________ – ________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ - Left over fluid is _______ – __________________________ flows into the collecting duct
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b) _____________ - ___________________ of the _____________ the beginning of the ureter - tube that _________________ to the _________________c) ______________________ - ___________ until it is time to go to the bathroomd) ______________ - _________________________ ______________________
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4. ____________ - keeps the body from _________________ - removes ______________________ _______________________________ ______________ – takes water and heat of the skin
“standing in front of the fan after gym”
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5. Diseases of the Urinary System a) ___________________ - overload _______________________________ - generally associated with _______________ - liver becomes over grown and filled with scar tissue - can not function properly – ______________________
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b) __________________ - ___________________________________________ - form stones that __________________________________ - use _________________________________
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c) _______________ - _____________________ ______________________ ______________________ - from a build up of urea in the blood ____________d) _______________ - used to __________________ - machine that ___________________ – ____________________