UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

GEOLOGlCA L S U RVEY ALASKAN GSOLOSY CRAdCH TECHNICAL DllLTA PILE

PRELIMINARY GEOMAGNETIC DATA COLLEGE OBSERVATORY

8

SEPTEMBER 1978

FAIRBANKS, ALASKA

OPEN FILE REPORT 743-3001

ORDER OF CONTENTS

Explanation of Data & Reports

Magnetic Activity Report

Outstanding Magnetic Effects

Principal Magnetic Storms

Preliminary Calibration Data & Monthly Mean Absolute Values

Magnetogram Hourly Scalings

Sample Format for Normal & Storm Magnetograms

Normal Magnetograms

Storm Magnetograms (When Normal is too disturbed to read)

T H I S REPORT WAS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF JOHN B , TOWNSHEND, CHIEF OF THE COLLEGE OBSERVATORY WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF OBSERVATORY STAFF PIEMBERS J, E n PAPP, ASST, CHIEF, AND S. P , TILTON, AND I N COOPERATION WITH THE GEOPHYSICAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA, THE COLLEGE OBSERVATORY I S A PART OF THE BRANCH OF ELECTROIIAGNETISM AND GEOMAGNETISM OF THE U , S , GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

COLLEGE OBSERVATORY PRELIMINARY GEOMAGNETIC DATA

INTRODUCTION OBSER'JATORY LOCATION

The preliminary geomagnetic data included here is \ made available to scientific personnel and organizations,

as part of a cooperative effort and on a data exchange basis because of the early need by some users. To avoid delay, all of the data is copied from original forms processed at the observatory; therefore it should be regarded as preliminary. Inquiries about this report or about the College Observatory should be addressed to:

Chief, College Observatory U.S. Geological Survey Yukon Drive on West Ridge Fairbanks, Alaska 99701

Requests for copies of the magnetograms except for the current month should be addressed to:

World Data Center A-NOAA Environmental Data Service Boulder, Colorado 60302

GEOMAGNETIC DATA

Normal, Storm, and Rapid Run magnetograms and appropriate calibration data are processed daily at the observatory and are available for analysis or copying. Also available are mean hourly scalings, K-Indices, selected magnetic phenomena reports, and on a real-time basis are recordings from a 3-compo- nent fluxgate magnetometer and F-component proton magnetometer.

Magnetic Activity The K-Index.

ment of the range The K-Index is a logarithmic measure- of the most disturbed component (D or

H) of the geomagnetic field for eight intervals beginning 0000-0300, 0300-0600 . . . 2100-2400 UT. It is a measure of the difference between the highest and lowest deviation from a smooth curve to be expected for a component on a maeneticallv auiet day. within a three hour interval. u " L " ,

The Equivalent Daily Amplitude, AK. The K-Index is converted into an equivalent range, ak, which is near the center of the limiting gamma ranges for a given K. The average of the eight values is called equivalent daily amplitude AK. The unit lOyhas been chosen so as r.oti,o give the illusion of an accuracy not justified.

The schedule for converting gamma range to K, and K to ak is as follows:

Gamma Range K - Index ak* - 0 < 25 0 0 25 < 50 1 3 50 < lo0 2 7

100 < 200 3 15 200 < 350 4 27 350 < 600 5 48 600 <lo00 6 80

The Magnetic Daily Character Figure, C. To each Universal day a character is assigned on the basis C=O, if it is quiet; C=l if it is moderately disturbed; C=2 if it is greatly disturbed. The method used to assign characters at the College Observatory is based on AK as follows:

AK Range - C 03 11 0 11s: 50 1 50+ 2

Routine assignment of C was discontinued at College on January 1, 1976.

The College Observatory, operated by the U. S. Geological Survey, is located at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. It is near the Auroral Zone and the northern limit of the-world's greatest earthquake belt, the circum-Pacific Seismic belt. Although the observatory's basic operation is in geo- magnetism and seismology, it cooperates with other scientists and organizations in areas where the facil- ity and personnel can be of service.

The observatory is one of three operated by the USGS in Alaska. The others are located at Barrow and Sitka.

The position of the observatory site is: Geographic latitude.. . . . . . .64O51.6'~ Geographic longitude. . . . . . .147'50.2 'W Geomagnetic latitude.. . . . . .+64.6' Geomagnetic longitude.. . . . .+256.5' Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 meters

Selected Phemnena & Outstanding Magnetic Effects Prior to January 1, 1976, the Normal & Rapid

Run records were reviewed at the observatory for selected magnetic phenomena and the events identified were forwarded to the IUGG Commission on Magnetic Variations and Disturbances. This was discontinued on January 1, 1976, but a report on Outstanding Magnetic Effects is prepared monthly for this report.

Principal Magnetic Storms Gradual and sudden commencement magnetic distur-

bances with at least one K-Index of 5 or greater, which are believed to be part of a world-wide disturbance, are classified as principal magnetic storms. The time of the storm beginning and ending; direction and amplitude of sudden commencements; period of maximum activity; and storm range are reported. Monthly reports of these data are forwarded to the World Data Center A in Boulder, Colorado.

Magnetogram Hourly Scalings Magnetogram hourly scalings are averages for

successive periods of one hour for the D, H, and Z elements. The value in the column headed "01" is the average for the hour beginning 0000 and ending 0100. Note that the values on the scaling sheets are in teriths of mm with the decimal point omitted. The user sf these scalings should keep in mind that the tabular values are hourly means and if he is interested in the detailed morphology of the magnetic field, he should refer directly to the magnetcgrams.

Magnetograms The normal magnetograms in this report are repro-

duced at about one-third the size of the originals. Pre- liminary base-line values and scale values adopted for use with the original magnetogr~ms are included. For days when the magnetic field is t ~ o disturbed for the Normal magnetogram to be rea:,ible,Storm magnetograms are repro- duc ed .

Absolutes, Base-lines, and Scale Values To determine the absolute value of the magnetic

field from the hourly means or from point scalings the following equations should be used:

D=BD+d-SD; H=Bz+h.SH; Z-BZ+z'SZ where D, H, and Z are absolute values; BD, 9H and BZare base-line values; SD, SH and Sz are scale values; and d, h, arid z are scalings in millimeters.

APPROVED JOHN B. TOWNSHEND, CHIEF, COLLEGE OBSERVATORY O B S E R V E R IN C H A R G E

I

N O A A F O R M 76- IBS S U P E R S E D E S C L G S F O R M 816 * U.S. G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G 0 F F ; C E : 1975-76t-867

I K S C A L E USED:

....... LOWER LIMIT FOR K = 9..

CURRENT SCALE VALUE.... .... LOWER LIMIT FOR K = s ........

7 76-1U NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION (9- 72 I

MAGNETIC ACTIVITY

I

DATE

1 2 3 4 s

6

7 8 9

10

1 1

12

13

14

IS

16

17 18

19

20

2 1

22 23 24 2s

26 27 28 29 30 31

COLLEGE, ALASKA

S C A L I N GS AND COMPUTATIONS HAVE BEEN CHECKED.

D

, 683.8 3.75

2560

MONTH AND YEAR

AK

3 0 29 17 11 07

44 06 19 37 12

22 23 09 02 06

03 09 01 00 01

08 2 2 13 08 49

64 47 60

109 1 9

(Greenwich civi l time, counted from midnight to midnight)

H

321.7 7.80

2510

SEPTEMBER 1978

TIME SCALE ON MAGNETOGRAMS

20 m m h

SUDDEN COMMENCEMENTS

d h m

POSSIBLE SOLAR-FLARE EFFECTS BASED ON

INSPECTION O F GRAMS ALONE (WITHOUT

REFERENCE T O D A T A FROM OTHER SOURCES)

SUM

30 2 9 24 17 14

27 11 21 3 3 18

17 27 16 04 08

08 11 03 00 ,

02

14 24 1 9 16 36

38 3 9 41 45 2 3

g 8 m N

g s l i

3 3 5 6 3 3 5 6 3 2 4 4 1 1 3 4 1 2 2 1

2 4 7 7 0 1 0 3 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 6 4 2 1 3

1 0 0 1 2 2 5 5 2 2 3 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 4

1 1 2 0 1 2 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 4 3 1 1 1 5 3 1 1 3 4 2 2 3 0 2 4 5 7

3 4 8 6 5 4 5 5 5 4 6 7 4 5 8 8 2 4 5 5

BEGIN

d h m

Z

K-INDICES

m m - * - - $' 4 1 " i . Z

5 3 3 2 5 2 3 2 4 3 2 2 3 3 1 1 3 2 1 2

4 2 1 0 1 1 2 3 0 1 2 1 5 6 4 3 4 2 1 1

6 6 2 1 4 4 3 2 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

2 2 0 1 5 4 4 1 4 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 5 6 4 3

4 6 3 4 4 6 5 5 6 4 4 5 7 7 4 2 2 2 2 1

END

d ~ I T I

(mm

(Y/mm)

(to nearest 10Y)

I C O L L e C E OBSERVATORY, COLIBOE, AUSKA -- PREIBUUARY C-OH DATA POR: s C;;PTENB&R /978

I

- H O W MAGmRAF'B

PeRIOD CALIBRATION CCMPOAEm'

FRCM TO SCAIE VALUE BASELIHE

0060 IY. f , 9-/- 78 Z+UO &.Z, 9-30-78 -

I I I I I I

I RAPID RUA MAGHEMCRAPE I 1 - I PERIOD I CALIBRATION 1

CCMWJXD FRaM lER QUIETEST DAYS D U R I E MCBsTB.

D m USED: -,-

cCMPmm FROM I TO

I SCAIE VALUE

I

(UNIVCRSAL TIME) Value. .re i n tenths d mm. and "re srtr.~e. la succcs.irc periods o f one hour b c ~ i n n i n ~ at midni6hr. l l ou r 01 of l oca l day (EM.T.) i s h o u r x a l the un i rc rsa l day. CO 78 SEP D Sh,tnkm#c ron rc r im, have been applied. Nrlati.e ..lucs arc ia red, wi th minus s i l n s shown.

C 1 " ~ 1 ' ~ ~ $ ] 01 1 0 2 1 0 3 1 0 4 1 0 s I 1 0 7 I 1 0 9 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 3') 13 14 I I S 1 1 8 17 1 18 1 1 9 1 2 0 1 21 1 2 2 23 1 2 4

I I I I 0 2 I z s o I ~ l e I221 I2~81267 1229 I212 1.5331 168 I21q 1231 I / B L / I ~ ~ I 2 ~ 1 1 9 2 I~e7133013e31397131e ! a o e I / m 1/20 I 1391 179 ICOSL I

P O ~ A r o w 76-IW u. I. DLPAITYEUT or COYYCRCL WSV. 9- 21 UATIONAL OCEANIC AN0 ATYOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

MAGNETOCRAM HOURLY SCALINCS

TJ Si8nillc.nt portion 01 haur in~erpolmtrd.

0 N o record; n no .aluca .v.il.bic because of faul ty t r e a d .

C ] Scmlin8 uncr r la ln b e c a a e of m.#netic #Inmi.

<> R e c a d a l l sheet la p n a -11 d hour. i f value i. firen, c u v c :as c e t i n r t c d or moanin8 part.

VLAO

r ~ H ~ v SUM 1 YOUTWLIYCAN

DATES WITH 014:

MONTN ELE- YLNT

WNCNCD mv

D e t i v r d born StQrm Mr,ph.. cn.rr t rd 1s Nnn.1 M'ph. 1 d U.S G.P.O. 1913-709-5111932 RE0.W

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SUM

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CWCCRCO Vmlw Value rJ Sinnifieant portion of

Bc8innin8 < > Recad off sheel In p r t U o w r n L v UCAN 350 Bv 3 e T ,J%T hour intcrpalstcd. a a l l of hrmr; if value i.

n No record: at no values siven. c u v c r . ~ est imred OATCS WITH or-:

FORM 76-IW U. I. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 9-721 MATIOWAL OCCAWIC AN0 ATYOSPHERIC ADYIWISTRATIOW

MAGNETOGRAM HOURLY SCALINGS

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Decivcd lrom Storm ~ n p h . , r a r e r t t d to ~ o r l l n l N&.

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