united states history & y english karen glossar...nys language rbe‐rn at nyu page 1 2012...
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Glo
ssar
y High School Level
United States History & Government Glossary
English | Karen
Translation of United States History & Government terms based on the Coursework for United States
History & Government Grades 9 to 12.
Last Updated: October 2018
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
This glossary is to PROVIDE PERMITTED TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS of ELL/MLL students. It should also be used for INSTRUCTION during the
school year. The glossary may be downloaded, printed and disseminated to educators, parents and ELLs/MLLs.
Please click here for the New York State Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages Webpage on "Assessment and Testing Accommodations"
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NYS LANGUAGE RBE‐RN AT NYU PAGE 1 2012
GLOSSARY ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS ENGLISH ‐ SPANISH
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
P‐16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education
Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University
BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. ............ Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D. ………………......................................... Syracuse NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A. ………….................................................................................. Manhattan JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D. ……………………................................................... Albany BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S., M.S. ............................................................................. Saratoga ELIZABETH. S. HAKANSON ……………........................................................................ Onondaga CATHERINE COLLINS, B.S., M.S., Ph.D. ....................................................................... West New York JAMES R. TALLON, R., B.A., M.A. ................................................................................. Binghamton ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.................................................................................................. Great Neck JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. ............................................................................ Mid-Hudson
LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ................................................................................. New York LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D. ..................................................................... Oakland Gardens CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. .......................................................................... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. .............................................................................................. Rochester JUDITH CHIN, B.S., M.S., ............................................................................................... Queens KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D...................................................................... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D....................................................................................... New York
Commissioner of Education President of The University of the State of New York MARYELLEN ELIA
Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH BERLIN
The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including Braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234. Requests for additional copies of this publication may be made by contacting the Publications Sales Desk, Room 319, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 1
ENGLISH KAREN
A A abolition wIr:uwUIuGHPwI
abolitionist yS:vU r:uwUIuGHPwI
administration wIyUwIqSU
adoption wI[H;e>I/ wI'k;uJxDOwI'H;ywItod;^wIvkIzd
affirmative action oEl'D;wI7JOwIusJ: vUtbOwIeJO'd
Africa t:jzH:u:
African‐American yS:trJ7u:zdvUtzH;ol
Age of Jackson uaJ;pJO twItdOrltuwDI
aggression wIo;'dO'D;wIo;[hvU t'k;tdOxDOwIr:ysH:r:zk;wI< wICkqdwIthOvdPqd;uhvdPo;
agricultural areas wIzJ;ck;r:oHOvDIu0D:
agriculture wIolOwIzs;
AIDS /HIV wIqgwuvkPvUtr:pS:vD:yS:t*HI tbgyUIqUwIqg (AIDS/HIV)
Albany Plan of Union tJ(vf)beHO wIwdPusJ: vUtrJ7u:uDIpUzSdO
Alger Hiss case tJ*g[J; oJp;twI*hI
Alien and Sedition Acts yS:wcDbDrkIzd 'D; xHuDI*: oJp;
allegiance yS:w*:twItUOvD:qDOxGJ
Alliance for Progress odOrSH:t*DI wIvJ:xDOvJ:xD
allied powers wIpdurD:vUwIr:oud;wI
allies yPzSdOr:oud;wI
amendment wIbSDbO
American Federation of Labor (AFL) trJ7u:uDIpUzSdO bOC;'D; yS:r:wIzd (AFL)
American Revolution trJ7u:wIyUIqU
amnesty y'dOtwIyPzsgvUwIysIzsJ;uGHPyS:vD:bOCdPwzO< wI[hOwIqUuwDIvU wIysIuGHPwIurOt*DI
anarchy vdOy:wtdOoEl
ancient wIttdOvUysU:vUupU:
annex 'k;e>IqlOxHuDI/u0D:
annexation wIr:tgxDO rhwrhI 'k;yPCkPwIwrH:rH:
anti‐federalist 'DqU wIyPzSdO'D;'k;tdOxDOu7Uz;'dOwzkvUu7UzdwzOyPzdSOxDOo;
anti‐defamation League 'DqU wIr:[;*D:tzku7Ut'dtv:uyD:cDzsdwIuwd:
anti‐Semitism wIxD'grhwrhIwIxHOqH;yS:,l':zd
anti‐trust 'DqU wIePe>IwI
appeasement wI'DolOyPo;
appointment wIohOqUz;uwDI
arbitration wIpHOnDOtUOvD: vUwIwDwIvd:yl:
armed forces yS:zDOwI pku0J:< ok;rkI
armistice wItUOvD:vU uqduwdDI wI'k;
English tJuvH;
arsenal of democracy wIud;oMwDxDOvU trJ7uO uDIcdO'dO zJ [DOcdO'DbhOwI'k;cHbsDwbsDtuwDI
Articles of Confederation uDItrJ7uO twIolOxDOwIbsUoJp; twIcDOxH; zJ1&81
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 2
ENGLISH KAREN Asia th7SUO
Asian‐American yS:trJ7u:zdvU txH;tcHrhI th7SOuDI'dO
assassination r:oHqlOr:oHpd;yS:vUtug'dO/ rhIvUusdOphrhwrhIxH*hIuDI*hItCd
assembly oJ;p;bsDO'dO < wItdOzSdO7dzSdO
assembly line pJ;zDu[OtyD;tvD'D;yS:unD7JOvDOto;r:wI'Dwusd:
assimilation plIpSDI/ wIr:vD:yvdPto;'D;yS:t*:
Atlantic Charter uDItrJ7uO'D; uDItJuvH; uDIcdOeI twIyPzSdOyPzsgxDOwI zJvgtDul 14< 1941eHO
atomic bomb tJ;xUOwIurSH:'Hzd rhOydI
austerity vUtwrkPwyU:
authority wIpdwIurD:
autocracy tJO'd;yS:*:yPuJ'dueOtD:'D; r:zJto;< wIyUwIzJ'Oto;
automation wIpl;ugu[Or:'OwIvUyS:unDtvDI
autonomy wIohzH;r:'D;pHOnDOwJPwIvUteDIupI'O0J
axis powers usHO tdO'D;tpdurD:
B B baby boom generation zdoOvUttdOzsJOxDO vU 1946 'D; 1964 tbUOpU:
bank holiday phwU; eH:tdOovh:
bankruptcy wItuwDIvU usdPphwtdOvU:
Bay of Pigs Invasion ok;rkOwIEkPvD:'k;wysdPwIvU twuJxDOvdOxDO zJ uaLbg< 1961 eHO
Berlin Blockade bOvhO wIr:MwDwHPCPwI
Berlin Wall bOvhO wI'lOy:
Bessemer process r:wIzH;wIr:'fod;u'd;e>IwItpUvD:qD
big business rkI0J:wIr: z;'dO
Big Stick Policy uDItrJ7uO vUwcDxHwcDuDIt*DI usJoEl
bill u'GJp7D
Bill of Rights wIbSDuh: uDItrJ7uO wIolOxDOtusJoEltcDOxH; 10 bD
bipartisan bOC;'D;/ u7lIcHu7lI vU tr:pU:[hO*HI[hObg
Black Codes ukIvUtzsd wI*D:pd;ys:< vUtyPeDO xHuDIcGJ;,PvU ukIvUyS:ysJvD:
Black Panthers yS:trJ7u:zdvUtzH;olzdwzOtwIu7Uu7d< bvJ;yJOoUI
Black Tuesday vgtd;uxdbUO 29 oD 1929eHO
blacklist uGJ;eDOrH:oOw*h:wzO
Bleeding Kansas oGHOvD:vU trJ7u:uDIpJO tbUOpU:
Bonus Army cdok;rkI
boycott wIyUIqU< 'lOcsUxD'g
buffer zone [DOu0D:'dOvUtr:pS:vD:wIysH:wIbO,dP
bull market wIyV:wIqg zag
Bureau of Indian Affairs ud:v:olzd wItrl;t7I 0J:vDI
bureaucracy baLO7dOu7hOpHO
business cycle rkI0J:wIr: vUvJ:to;wCO
C C cabinet yS:tug'dOw*:vUt[hOulOwI'D;wIpHOnDOwJPvD:wI
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 3
ENGLISH KAREN Camp David Accords David Accords 'Ju0D:
campaign wI[;0h:0D:r:e>IyS:to;< wI[l;wI*J:
canals xHusd: (vUyS:clOe>ItD:)
capital 0hIcdO/wIxl;wIwD:
capitalism usdOphupIoEl
captains of industry rl'gt'dOuwUIvU pJ;zDu[OwIr:
Caribbean wItuwDIvU yDOvJO'D;vDIu0D:vU trJ7u:tyl:
carpetbaggers trJ7u: xHvDIuDIyl:wI'k;tcg yS:vUtqdurdOvD:uh:xJtbsK;'O0J
cartoons wI*D:rSHwzO
case law oJp;twI*hI
Catholic yS:cJ;ovh;zd
census wIxUxHzduDIzdeDO*HI
central government xHuDI'DbhOty'dO
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) wIolOyhIo;qSg cUOp;u7U vDIcUOo; (CIA)
charter oJp;wIodOwIoD vU [hOwIr:wIyUvUwIcGJ;
charts vHPvUtyPzsgxDOwIt*hItusd:rdIySI
checks and balances uGIxHorHord; 'D; pD:yDI
Cherokee yS:trJ7u:uvH:pd; xlvH:
Chief Justice wIwDwIBwIvUtug'dO
child labor laws zdoOyS:r:wIzdoJp;wIbsU
Chinese Exclusion Act w7l;uDIzd oJp;vU tbOwIyPwhIuGHPwI
choice wICkxU
citizen xHuDIzd
citizenship wItdOto;'ftrhIxHzduDIzdw*:'D;wlIvdP[H;CPrl'gvUtvD:bO
city 0hIrkIz;'dOvUtug'dO
civic values tbOC;'D;xHuDIzd tbsK;wzO
civil disobedience xHzduDIzd wIw'dueOwI
Civil Rights xHzduDIzd wIcGJ;wI,P
civil society xHzduDIzd yS:wIu7Uu7d
civil unrest xHzduDIzd twIobHObkO
Civil War xHvDIuDIyl:wI'k;wI,:
Civil War Amendments xHvDIuDIyl:wI'k;wI,: wIbSDbOwzO
climate wItuwDI (wIpl:< wI*dI< wIudI)
closed shop r:wHPCPus;< us;vUt'd;vJyS:vUtuJtu7lIzdohOwzO
coalition u7UzSdO
coast lines yDOvJOeH:'Dwusd:vD:qD'OwIzJyqdrdOtuhIt*D:
Cold War wI'k;ckO
collective bargaining wUIyDOwUIyDvUyS:r:wIzdwzO vUur:e>I wItbl;tvJ
colonial era tuwDIzJttdOvUtJuvH;twIyUtzDvP
colony xHuDIvUtbOwIyUtD:vUxHuDIt*:
Commander‐In‐Chief yS:t'dOuwUIvUt[hOvD:wIuvkI
commerce wIyeHPwIu:
committee urH;wHP
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 4
ENGLISH KAREN commodity yeHPCD:C:vUtbOwIyV:tD:
common sense wIohwIbOvUtuGIxHqdurdOwIvUt*hIt0D'D;pHOnDOwJPwI
common welfare wItdOrkPtdOyU: vUtnDekIr:to;
commonwealth wIxl;wIwD:tdO0Jtgtg*DI*DI< xHuDIvUtobs>
communism cDOraLeH;oEl
Communist Party yS:cDOraLeH;zd tu7U
community yS:tw0U
compare and contrast uGIoBwD:twIvD:yvdPo; 'D; uGIoMwD:twIvD:qDvdPo;
compromise wIbOvdPzd;'huh:rhIvUtqDOvD:uh:to;wcDwpJ;wcDwpJ;
Compromise of 1850 1850eHOwIbOvdPzd;'huh:
computer cDOzaLxUO
Computer Revolution wIylxDOvDz;xDOz;'dObOC;'D; cDOzaLxUO
concentration camps CdPwuvkIvUtbOwIyPtD:vUbOC;'DxH*hIuDI*hIyS:CdPzdwzO
concurrent powers wIpdurD: vUttdOxDO
confederacy vUtbOC;'D;wI7hvdPr;oud;wIpUzSdOu7U
confederation wIu7Uu7dvUtyOCkP'D;xHuDIwzO
conference committees wItdOzSdOz;'dOvUtzd;oJp; urH;wHP
conflict xD'gvdPo;< *hIvdPo;
congregation pl;7dtdOzSdO
Congress wItdOzSdOz;'dOvUtzd;oJp;
congressional committees bOC;'D; wItdOzSdOz;'dOvUtzd;oJp; urH;wHP
congressional district bOC;'D; wItdOzSdOz;'dOvUtzd;oJp; wIvDIwIusJ
Congress Industrial Organization (CIO) yS:vUttdO'D;pJ;zDu[Otgr; tpl;7dtdOzSdO twIu7Uu7d (CIO)
conscientious objector yS:vUttdO'D;wIyvDIolOyvDIo;'fod;ur:wIvDIwHIvD:qJ;
consent of the governed tUOvD:[hOtcGJ; vU wIyUwIjy;
consolidation pUzSdOr:oud;wI
conspiracy wIulOxDOz;vD:clolOvUyS:wzkur:wItUwrH:rhwrhItwzd;oJp;
constitution wItusJtusd:vUbOC;oJp;
Constitution of the United States wItusJtusd:vUbOC;oJp; vU trJ7u:
constitutional amendment wIbSDbO wIu7Uu7dtwIbsU
constitutional convention wItdOzSdOz;'dO wIu7Uu7dtwIbsU
constitutional government uDIy'dO wIu7Uu7dtwIbsU
consumer yV:0J'D;ol0J
Consumer Price Index (CPI) vHP7JOxH; tyV:vUyV:ol0J (CPI)
consumption wIpl;ug*HIo[DO
containment BwDwIvUtr:[;*D:wIoh'fod;tokwe;xDOtUxDOt*DI
Continental Congress vUtbOC;'D; wItdOzSdOz;'dOvUtzd;oJp;
contraband pdPEkPclolOyeHP
contract wItUOvD:
cons wIvDwI0h:wzO< wIw*h:< wIwMuU;
controversy yS:*DIrkItwI*hIvdPbSDvdP
convention c0h7SO< wItdOzdSOz;'dO
corollary wIwrH:r:to;vUwIt*:wrH:tCd
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 5
ENGLISH KAREN corporation wIyeHPwIu:cDyeHOz;'dO
cotton gin wIuH;,PvUtbOwIr:tD:vUbJ oH;wuvkP
counterculture wI7hvdPrkPvdPo;u7U vUbOwlIvdPyS:vUwIqJ;wIv:
country xHuDI
court uGDIbsDO? wIpHOnDOuGDItvDI
covenant wItUOvD:tDvD:qlyS:w*:
craft union wIulObOulOoh yS:r:wIzdu7U
credit wIv:wIuyD:< wIv:uyD:< phtu'GJ
creditor nation xHuDI phtupI
crime uGDIrhO< wIr:urOoJp;
Cuban missile crisis tD;uxdbUI wIqge;uwUItuwDI zJ csLbg
cultural interdependence tvkItvI vUttdO'D;tulPtcDwzOvUoe>:xDOvdPo;
cultural pluralism tvkItvI tuvkPvD:qDvUwIu7Uu7dtyl:
culture wIqJ;wIv:
currency wIolusdOphtusd:tusJvUxHuDIwbhOtyl:
customs wIyPolOyPo; rhwrhOwIzH;wIr:tusd:tusJ vUtbOwIwlIvdPyPtD:vUwI7hvdPo; u7Uyl:
D D dark horse yS:vUtr:eU:wIvUwIwqdurdOtyl:
Dawes Act 'g;(pf) oJp;
debate wIuwd:*hIvdPwI
debt 'hOurI
debtor nation xHuDIvUtdO'D;'hOurI
Declaration of Independence wIbd;bO7:vD:zd;oJp; vU xHuDIwItdOob@
defense wIBwDqU'Do'UwI
delegate cUOp;< [hOpd[hOurD:yS:vUur:wIwrH:rH:
demobilization qduwDIwIu7Uu7dtwIr:
democracy 'HOrdO`chOpHO? wIyUwIjy;oedvUxHuDIzdcJvUPCkxUtcUOp;oh
democratic vUtbOwIyUqSUtD:vUcUOp;wzOvUxHzduDIzdCkxUtD:
Democratic Party xH*hIuDI*hIu7Uu7d cUOp;wzOvUxHzduDIzdCkxUtD:
depression wIo;[;*D:
deregulation wIr:pS:vD: xHuDItpdurD: vU wIvDIwyl:yl:
desegregation BwLPuGHP wIyPz;yS:tuvkP'O0J
detente r:qSdO r:pI? xdOuqSOvD: wIxD'gvdPo;
dictatorship rD:pd7D:twIyUwIjy;
diplomacy xHuDIu'Ju'JtwI7hvdPbOxGJ
direct democracy 'HOrdO`chOpHO vUvJ:wIvd:vd:bsUbsU< xHzduDIzd[hOwIz;vUwIbsUtzDcdOvUteDIupI 'O0J
direct primary wItug'dOuwUI vUwIeJOwI
disabled citizens xHuDIzd vUteDIcduhI*D: [;*D:< uhuGJO
discrimination yJPz;eD:z;uGIwvD:wI
disenfranchise wIBwLPuGHP xHzduDIzd wIcGJ;wI,P
dissent wIxHOvUtvD:qD'D;xHuDIy'dOtwItUOvD:wlIvdP
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 6
ENGLISH KAREN diversity wI*hIwIusd:tdOCkP'D;yS:tg*:< wI*hItuvkPuvkP
doctrine wIeP'D;wIodOvdvUwItdOzSdO 'D;xH*hIuDI*hI
documents wIuGJ;eDOuGJ;zsg
dollar diplomacy trJ7u: twIxk;*HIxk;bg
domestic xHvDIuDIyl:
domino theory wIqdurdOqdur; wcg
double jeopardy oJp;vU tbOwIr:cHbsDvU wIvkOohOcgywPwIodOwIoD t*DI
draft wIuGJ;yBwDP
draft evaders yS:wzOvU tbOwICkxU'D;qSUvD:
drug cartel yPzSdOxDOo;vUuzDOCH;CPuoHOuoD tyV:tuvH: tu7U
due process tqUuwDIvU wItusd:tusJ:
Dust Bowl wIr:[;*D:[DOcdOwIbOwhtuwDI cDzsd uDItrJ7uO'D;uDIue>',UOzJ 1930eHOtu0D:
E E economic development rkIusd:0J:uGP twI*k:xDOyoDxDO
economic growth rkIusd:0J:uGPwI'dOxDO
economics wIr:vdbOC;'D;rkIusd:0J:uGJP
elastic clause uDItrJ7uO twIbsUoJp; twIyPzsgwcg
election wICkxUtrl;
electoral college yS:vUtbOwICkxUtD:vUyS:*DIrkI
electors yS:vUttdO'D;wICkxUwItcGJ;
emancipation wIodOwIoDxH*hIuDI*hI
Emancipation Proclamation wIodOwIoDxH*hIuDI*hI wIyPzsgvUtzd;oJp;
Embargo Acts BwDyeHPwIu: oJp;
emigration [;xDOvUxHuDItyl:'fod;uvJ:tdOpHPtdOusU:vUxHuDIt*:
employment wI[hOzH;[hOr:
enlightenment wI[hOwIulObOulOoh
entrepreneur wIr:vUttdO'D;wIbO,dPbObSDvUusdOphuvDrI
enumerated powers wIpdurD:vU bOC;'D; wIuGJ;vD:vUphp7Dyl:< pdurD:tdOvUuwJzsgvD:wI wcgbOwcg
environment wItcdOtCU:
envoy uvl;cUOp;vU wIu7Uu7dt*DI
Equal rights amendment (ERA) wIqSUxDOvUwIubSDuh:oJp; 'fod;u'd;e>IwIcGJ;wI,P'fod;od; (ERA)
equality wIxJod;wk:od;
escalation 'dOxDOe;xDO
espionage wIr:vUCkr:e>IxHuDItupDO
ethnic vUbOxGJbOC;'D;xHuDIwbhO uvkP'lO
ethnocentrism wIyP'dOxJtyS:uvkP
Europe uDI,l7y:
European Union (E.U) uDI,l7y:zd uDIpUzSdO (E.U)
evolution wIvJvdPo;wqDbOwqD
excise tax xHvDIuDIyl: wIzdwIvH: cdoGJ
executive branch y'dO twIyUwIjy;
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 7
ENGLISH KAREN executive privilege y'dO wItcGJ;vD:qD
expansion wIr:tgxDO
exploration wIorHord;CkxHOohOngwI
extraterritoriality
wIxk;xDO tyU:'D;u[ku,P [DOcdOvDIu0D:
F F faction yS:wzkvUtyPvD:qDto;
factors of production wIwrH:vUwIr:uJxDOwI
family 'lOzdxUzd
farmers yS:r:pHPzd
fascism wIyUqlOyUpd;oEl
federal deficit bOC;'D;xHuDI vUwdIwvUwvDI
Federal Reserve System uD:trJ7u: vDIcUOo;phwU; wIr:wIusJ:
Federal System of Government yS:vUtqDOxGJr:pU:uDIpUzSdOy'dOwIusJ:
federalism yS:w*:vUtqDOxGJr:pU:uDIpUzSdOy'dOwIusJ:
felony wIr:urOwItUtUoDoD
feminist movement wI[l;wI*J: vUtr:pU:qDOxGJydPrkOtcGJ;t,P
First Continental Congress tqduwUI uDI,l7y: wItdOzSdOz;'dOvUtzd;oJp;
flag eDOw,I
foreclosure [H;uGHPyS:twIzdwIvH:cDzsd [hOurOwe>ItCd
foreign affairs vUuDIt*: wItrl;t7I
foreign policy uDIt*:t*DItusJoEl
Four Freedoms wIvGHIrH: bOC;'D; wIob@
Fourteen Points wIyndO wqHvGHIbD
franchise wItcGJ;t,PvUu[hOwIz;vUxHuDIwICkxU
free enterprise system rkIusd:0J:uGPwIzH;wIr: vUwtdO'D;y'dOwIyU wI7JOusJ:
free trade [DOcdO'DbhOtwIyeHPwIu:tusJvUwtdO'D;wIBwDCP
freedom wIob@
freedom of expression wIyPzsgohvUwIob@tyl:
freedom of religion wIcGJ;wI,PvUu blOxDObgxDOwI vUwIob@tyl:
freedom of the press wIob@ vUuyPzsgxDOwIupDO
freedom riders wItdObO ob@< vUwIuGIwvD:yS:olzH;zdtwDIyS:vUtqhOeD:vUyS:0gzH;zdtodvhO vDIqhOeD:ohOwzO
freedom to assemble 7dzSdOxDOto; vU wIob@
frigate vUysU: ok;ubD
frontier xHqUuDIqU
fugitive yS:vUtChIyl:zsJ;to;vUwIurO
Fugitive Slave Law yS:vUtChIyl:zsJ;to;vUwIurO oJp;
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut bOC;'D; wI[hOwIuvkI vUtrJ7u:xHuDI
G G G.I Bill G.I u'GJp7D
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 8
ENGLISH KAREN Gay Rights Movement vUttJOyuU:wIwzOt*DIwIcGJ;wI,PtwI[l;*J:
gender bias rkO/ cGg twIuGIrJP
gender roles rkO/ cGg wItvDItv:
generations pd:? wI[JvD:pU:vD:oGJO
genocide wIr:oHyS:'DuvkP rhwrhI 'Du7lI
Geographic factors [DOcdOuhI*D: t*hItusd:wzO
geography vHP[DOcdOuhI*D:
English tJuvH;
Gettysburg vUuDItrJ7u: 0hI[J7H;(pf)b;
Gilded Age wItqUuwDIvU 1920 'D; 1930 eHO tbUOpU:zJ uDItrJ7u:
glasnost wItd;xDOo;< 7;7SgwIuwd:wcg
globalization wIbOC;'D;[DOcdO'DbhO
Gold standard usdOph tusJ:7OvU yS:pJtD:vUxl
Good Neighbor Policy yS:t*h:vUyCU: tusJoEl
goods and services wIqgwIyV: wIzdwIvH:'D; wIchwIyS:twIr:
government uDIy'dO
graduated income tax phcdoGJtwItgxDOvUySUvUt'D;e>IvgvJtvD:qDvdPo;ohOwzOt*DI
graft wIyUxHyUuDI'D;wIt*k:t*:wzO
grandfather clauses zk tvHPwDvHPrDvUtzdoJp;
Grange Movement cdcdOt[HOtdOCkP'D;pHP{d:ySJ:{d:wIolOxDOwzO wI[l;*J:
graph wuGDO'd< vHPwd:NyH
grass roots campaign yS:ywDIrkIzdwzOwI7hvdPo; wI[;0h:0D:r:e>IyS:to;
Great (or Connecticut) Compromise wIbOvdPo;vU t'dOtrkI
Great Depression wIo;[;*D: 'dO'dOrkPrkP
Great Migration wIok;vDIok;usJqlwIvDIt*: vU t'dOtrkI
Great Plains ysDrkIz;vJIohOwzOtdOtvDI
Great Society wIu7Uu7dvU t'dOtrkI
Green Revolution wIvDIu0D:vUttdO'D;wyHI wIyUIqU< xHuDI*kPxDOyoDxDOohOwzOtwIpl;ug *Pt[DO'fod; ur:tgxDOtwIrkIwIbdohOwzOtol;toO
greenbacks trJ7u:php;cd
grievance wIvU'k;olOtk;o;tk;e;'dOeDIr;
gross domestic product wdIyPzSdOo;vUxHvDIuDIyl: yeHP
gross national product (GNP) wdIyPzSdOo;vUxHzduDdIzd yeHP (GNP)
guerilla warfare yS:ok;zdvUwbOC;'D;y'dOok;rkIwzOwIoBwD:'D;'k;vdPo;
H H Harlem Renaissance yS:tdOvUyCU: yS:,l7y:zdohOwzOoJp;
hate crimes wIo;[h uGDIrhO< wIr:urOoJp;
health care wItdOqltdOc@ twItH;xGJuGIxGJ
high crimes uGDIrhO txDOxD< wIr:urOoJp;wzO tdOtg
historical figures tbOxGJ'D;wIqUuwDIvUtyl:uGHP tuhIt*D: t'd
history wIpHOpd:wJpd:
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 9
ENGLISH KAREN holding company cDyeHOwcgvUtbOwI'k;tdOxDOvUuyV:wIvUcDyeHOt*:
holocaust wIr:to;zJwI[;*D:tgr;'D;yS:tg*:bOwIr:oH
Home Front ursUIwIzsUOovUO vU yU:CPbOC;ok;wIxk;*HIxk;bg
Homestead Act [HOvUtdO'D;[DOcdOvDI'D;wIolOxDOtdO0;w7H;tD: wIeJO'd< wI[H;e>I[HOvU'hOurI tCd
Hoovervilles r:uqSJuqSD[HOvUyS:tdOuokOto; zk'gcdO
horizontal integration usd:usJvUtyPzSdOwIcHrH: vUt'gvD:to;
House of Burgesses [HOvU tdO'D; wIcGJ;wI,PtvUySJ:
House of Representatives y'dOwzku7UvUtuJursUIcUOp;
human needs yS:unDtwIvdO
human resources yS:unDtwItdOCU:
human rights yS:unD twIcGJ;wI,P
I I identify 'k;eJOzsgxDO
illegal alien yS:wcDbDrkIzdtwzd;oJp;
illegal immigration wItwzd;oJp; tusd:tusJbOC;wI[JekPtdOqd;vUyS:txHtuDI
immigration wItusd:tusJbOC;wI[JEkPtdOqd;vUyS:txHtuDItyl:
Immigration Acts wItusd:tusJbOC;wI[JEkPtdOqd;vUyS:txHtuDItyl: toJp;
Immigration and Naturalization Service wI[JekPtdO 'D; wIrUvDIwHIwIodOwIoD twIr:
Immigration Quota Acts wI[JEkPtdO oJp;t'd
immunity *HIBwDqUwIqg
impeach pHOnDOyPzsgyS:vUursUI
impeachment 'k;qduwDIwIwrH:rH:twIvJ:xDOvJ:xD
imperialism oedwcgzJxHuDIwbhO xHuDItgbhOzJtr:eU:tD:vUwI'k;0H:tvDIcH
imperialist tgbsDzJtr:eU:tD:vUwI'k;ok;0H:tvDIcH
implied powers wIpdurD: vUyPzsgxDOtcDynDvUwtdOzsgbO
impressment 'k;tdOxDOwIyP'dOyPuJyS:
imprisonment wI'UEkPyS:w*:vUCdPyl:
income tax ph[JEkP cdoGJ
incumbent vUttdO'D;vDIv:vUtzd;oJp;
indemnify usdOphvUtbOwI[hO'fwIvd;uh:wIvUt[;*D:
indentured servants yS:r:vdohto;vUtr:wIvUwIr:upI t*DI
independence vUttdOob@
Indian Wars th',O wI'k;
indigenous peoples yS:thO'H,UeU;pfzdwzO
industrial tbOxGJ'D;pJ;zDu[OtwIr:
industrial growth tbOxGJ'D;pJ;zDu[OtwIr: twI'dOxDO
Industrial Revolution tbOxGJ'D;pJ;zDu[OtwIr: twIyUIqU
industrialization r:'dOxDOxDxDOpJ;zDu[O
industry wIr:uJxDOwIvUpJ;zDu[O
inequality wIwxJod;wwk:od;
inflation phodOoGH< tluzdxDO
initiative wIwdPusJ:toDvU tbOuGIqUOrJP'D;wIuDcJ
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 10
ENGLISH KAREN injunction wI[hOvD:wIuvkIbOC;y'dOyySIcDzsduGDIbsDO
installment buying wIyV: wIvUubO[hOuh:wbsDbOwbsDwk:tvd;wlPuh:0J
institution wIu7UwcgvUttdO'D;wIyndOvD:qD< t'dzaOpdrd:wzsUO
integrity wItuHItpDvUtrhIwIwDvd:tdO'D;txloElt*UIusU:
interdependence vUttdO'D;tulPtcDvUoe>:xDOvdPo;
interment camps yS:vUtdOvUwIpUCPwzOwIt 'Ju0D:
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) xHuDIyl: wItcdtoGJ wIzH;wIr: (IRS)
international [DOcdObDrkI< [DOcdO'DbhO
internet cDOzaLOxUOtySPbs;pJ
Interstate Commerce Commission uDIpJO wIr:yeHPwIu: wIeJOvD:
intervention wIEkPvD:vUwIvDIcHwD:tbUOpU:'D;usJ:ClusJ:zd;wI
investments wIbsUvD:phrdIySI
Iranian hostage crisis tH7O yS:bOzDOurJ wIe;wIzSDOtuwDI
English tJ;uvH
Iroquois Confederacy xHuDIwzO wI7hvdPr:oud;wIpUzSdO
isolationism wItdOvD:z;to;
J J Jacksonian democracy Jacksonian 'HOrdO`chOpHO
Japanese‐American yS:,yOzdvUtdOvU uDItrJ7u:
Jeffersonian democracy Jeffersonian 'HOrdO`chOpHO
Jim Crow laws Jim Crow oJp;
jingoism wIePtqlOvUtxHuDIrhI0JxHuDIt*h:uwUI
joint‐stock company wItqU yeHPzSdO cDyeHO
judicial branch pHOnDObUpHOnDOuGDO t'h
judicial review uGIu'guh: pHOnDObUpHOnDOuGDO
judiciary bOC;'D; wIpHOnDOwI
K K Kansas‐Nebraska Act Kansas‐Nebraska oJp;
Kellogg‐Brand Pact Kellogg wIyeDO wItUOvD:tDvD:
Know‐Nothing Party wIwohOngwIbOC;'D; wI*hIvdPbSDvdP
Ku Klux Klan clcsLcsU
L L labor yS:r:wIzd
Labor Standards Act yS:r:wIzd twD: oJp;
laissez‐faire wIoElvU y'dOwr:wHPwPwIvUrkIusd:0J: wIrl;7I
land grants [DOcdO [hOwItcGJ;
Land‐Lease Act vHPwItUOvD:tDvD:vUbOC;'D;wI'd;vJ [DOcdO oJp;
Last Frontier vUcHuwUI xHqUuDIqU
law (s) oJp; wzO
leader (s) yS:uJcdOuJeI wzO
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 11
ENGLISH KAREN leadership wIuJcdOuJeI
League of Nations xHuDI wIr:oud;vUtdO'D;wItUOvD:tDvD:
legislation wIodOwIoDvUtbO[hOCD:vUbsDO'dO
legislative branch wI'k;tdOxDO'D;wI[hOCD:wIodOwIoDu7Ut'h
legislative process wI'k;tdOxDO'D;wI[hOCD:wIodOwIoD wIr:tusJ
libel pJusH;7:vD:yS:w*:t*hIvUwrhIwwD
life expectancy wItdOrlteHOtvgvUyS:w*:t*DI
limited government uDIy'dO tdO'D;to7h:
line item veto wIwrH:vU ttdOvU wI7JOwIusJ:tyl:< uDIcdOtpdurD:vUu*hIvdPwIodOwIoDtoD
literacy test wIohuGJ;ohz; wIr:uGI
lobbying yS:wzkvUt*kPusJ;pU;'k;tdOwIvkIbUpdurD:vD:qD
lobbyist xD'g'fod;uvJvdPwIodOwIoD
local community yS:tw0U vU[DOu0D:yl:
local government uDIy'dO vU[DOu0D:yl:
lockout u;wHPwIr:. rhwrhIbOC;'D; yS:r:wIzd 'D; wIr:upI
English tJ;uvH
loose constructionist vD:uBwLI vUwI[l;*J:zH;r:
Louisiana Purchase Louisiana wIyV:
Loyalist wIo;wDvU y'dOtzDcdO
M M MacArthur Constitution MacArthur wIolOxDOwIbsUoJp;cdOohO
machine politics pJthO xH7lIuDIoJ;
Magna Carta wIuGJ;zsgvUtyPzsgxDOwIodOwIoDrdIySI'D;wIyndOwzO
majority rule wIbsU wIz;vUteDI*HItgwzO
maldistribution wIpdPqSUvD:vUtwwDwMwIbO
mandate wIe>Ipde>IurD:vUur:wIwrH:rH:
Manhattan Project Manhattan wIwdPusJ:
Manifest Destiny wI[J0H[JpdP tdOzsgxDO< eHO,:zSdO 19 tuwDI wIplIwIePvU trJ7u:twI7:vD: to;vUtrJ7u:uDIrdIySItyl:tH:rhIwIrhIwIwD'D;wIvJ:uyPtD:we>IbO
manufactured goods wIxk;xDOwIzdwIvH:tgtg*DI*DIcDzsdwIolpJ;zDu[O
market economy zag rkIusd:0J:uGP
Marshall Plan r;7SJ wIwdPusJ:
martial law wItdOto;zJok;rkI[H;e>IwIpdwIurD:vUyU:uDItvDIzJwIuDcJuwDI
Mason‐Dixon Line wIvD:qDvU zJpJbheH,: 'D; rh7HvJ: tbUOpU:
Mayflower Compact rhzvg0g tpl;ug< yS:blOxDObgxDOwIzdtwItUOvD:wlIvdPvU rhzvg0g ubDutdO ywkPzJ zvhrDOoftvUIcdO
Medicaid wI7JOusJ:vU u[hOuoHOuoD ql yS:zSDOzd
Medicare wI7JOusJ:vU u[hOuoHOuoD 'D;uGIxGJ yS:o;ySI
melting pot wItdOto;wuwDIzJyS:tg*:wIqdurdOyPo; 'D;wICgCkPusJOusD
mercantilism wIyeHPwIu:twIr:wzO
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 12
ENGLISH KAREN merchandising wIzdwIvHvUbOwIyV:tD:qgtD:
metro area [DOcdOvPvhOrhOtltoedvDIu0D:
Mexican Cession r;pHu: twI[hOcD
Mexican Revolution r;pHu: wIyUIqU
Mexican War r;pHu: twI'k;
Middle Atlantic t;xvJwh; tcUOo;
migration wIok;vDIok;usJqlwIvDIt*:
military bOC;ok;< ok;rkI
militia yS:vUtwrhIok;zdwHIeDI bOqOtdO'D;ok;twIr:vd: 'D;'k;wIoh
minority wIvUtpS:wuhI
minutemen yS:vUtvD:wHIvD:qJ;
misdemeanor uGDIrhOvUnDEkIpHOnDOvUyS:CdPzdtzDcdO
Missouri Compromise r;ZH7H wIbOvdPo;
mobilization CkxHOe>I'D;p;xDOolwIvUwIyndOvD:qDt*DI
monopoly wIyU:bOwIqgwIyV:
Monroe Doctrine Monroe wIeP'D;wIodOvdvUwItdOzSdO'D;xH*hIuDI*hI
Montgomery Bus Boycott Montgomery odvhO wIyUIqU
Mormon Church Mormon wIbgo7dP
muckrakers yS:vUCduGIvD:wHI 'D; yPwdyPzsg wI*hIwIusd: uwd:ubsH;ubO
multicultural wIblOwIbg< wItvkItvIwzO
multiculturalism usdPwzO'D;rdIvkIyIvIwzO
English tJ;uvH;
multinational corporation xHuDItgbhO twIr:oud;wI
municipal bOC;'D;0hIzd
N N nation xHzduDIzd
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
xHuDI tzk vU wIyolxDOqlng yS:uvkPcJvUI t*DI (NAACP)
National Organization of Women (NOW) xHuDI u7UvU tbOC;'D; ydPrkO (NOW)
National Socialist Party xHuDI u7UzdvUteP'D;qDOxGJqdO7SJOv;oEl u7U
Native American Indian th'H,:zdvU trhIyS:trJ7u:xlvH:
natural resources e>qUO wItdOCU:
natural rights e>IqUO wIcGJ;,P
naturalization wIrhIxHuDIzd'D;wlIvdP[H;CPrl'gvUtvD:bO
naval forces xHok;rkIok;t'lO
navigation wIok;wIusJ:u[Ot*:wzOtusJ'D;qSUtD:
necessary and proper clause wI vUtvdO 'D; MuU;0JbO0J
negotiation wIusJ;pU;uwd:oud;'fod;ur:e>IwItUOvD:tDvD:
neutrality wItdObUOpU:
New Deal wIbOxGJtoD< wItusdUtusJvUur:*h:xDOe>OyS:vUtwlIbOwIe;wIzSDOohOwzO
New Federalism zJ'7U;oeltoD
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 13
ENGLISH KAREN New Frontier xHuDIqU toD
New York State Constitution New York xHuDI wIolOxDOwIbsUoJp;cdOohO
nonpartisan yS:vUtwrhI partisan < yS:vUtwuGIrJPwI
non‐violence wIwpl;ugwIpkqlOcDOwu;< wIwr:qlOr:pd;wI
normal ywDIrkI
North uvH:pd;
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trJ7u:uvH:pd; wIvJ:r:ulOu:vUob@ twItUOvD:bOo; (NAFTA)
northeast uvH:pd;rkIxDO
northwest uvH:pd;rkIEkP
Northwest Ordinance uvH:pd;rkIEkP wIodOwIoD
Nuclear families < [HOzDCDzdt'lOohOwzOvUttdO'D; trdItyIwyl:CD
nullification qduwDIuGHPwIzH;wIr:vUur:0J
nullify xl;oHuGHP wIbOo;wzO
O O oil crisis od pJ;zDu[OwIr: bOxGJ'D;wIqge;uwUItuwDI
Old Imperialism wIr:tgxDOoElvU xHuDIwIpdurD:'D;vkPbUpdurD:zsdok;twIr:qlO
Open door Policy oElvU wI[hOwIob@
open shop us;vUtwvdObO u7UzdbO(member)
opposition wIo;wvD:yvdPo;qlOqlO
ordinance wIbsUvUtbOwIyPvD:tD:vUy'dOyySI
overexpansion r:vJIxDOwIvUt'dOe>Itge>I'H;wIvUtzsgBuU;0JbO0J
overproduction wIr:uJxDOwItge>I'H;tvDItdO
ownership wIyUbOwI
P P Pacific Northwest uvH:pd;rkIEkPvUttdOCltdOzd;
pacifism oElxD'gwI'k;wI,: 'D;wIr:qlOr:pd;
pardon ysJzsJ;vUtr:urOwI
Paris Peace Accords wItUOvD:wlIvdPwIvUwuywkPwI'k;'D;u[H;e>IwIrkPwIckO
parliament yS:wu7lIvUtbOwICkxU'D; 'fod;ur:'D;vJvdPxHuDIwIodOwIoD
parliamentary democracy 'HOrdO`chOpHO vUtbOC;'D;bsDO'dO
partitioned wIeD:z;xHuDdIwbhOqlxHuDdItgbhO
partnerships wIr:oud;
past cgyl:uGHP
patriotism wItJOtyS:uvkP
patronage yS:w*:twIqDOxGJr:pU:wIvUusdOph
peace movement wIClwIzd; twI[l;*J:
peace treaty wIClwIzd; vHPCH;CP
persecution vl:r:wHPwPxDbd
Persian Gulf Crisis yDOusD:vUtH7;'D;t7hbH,U ye>pHv: tbUOpU:wIqge;uwUItuwDI
philanthropy wIr:pU:yS:zSDOzd,Pzd
physical environment cdOCU:0;w7H;wItdOto;
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 14
ENGLISH KAREN physical maps [DOcdO*D: wItdOto;
Plains States wIyU:cdOz;vJItwItdOo;
plantation system vDIu0D:vUtvJI wI7JOwIusJ:twIr:usJ
Pledge of Allegiance wItUOvD:onL;oySItdO'D;t*hIusd: twItUOvD:qDOxGJ
pluralism yS:tu7lIrhwrhItuvkPvD:qDvUwIu7Uu7dtyl:
pocket veto bHOwdOpdurD: wI*hI< uDIcdOtwIwqJ;vD:pkrkIusUIvUwIbsUtoDtzDcdO
political affairs bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wIvUtr:to;wzO
political boundaries bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wIvDItqUwzO
political cartoons bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wI*D:rSH
political corruption bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wItDOubsH;tDOubsO
political institutions zaOpdrd bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI
political machine bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wIr:
political maps [DOcDO*D:vUtbOC;'D;xHuDIwIeD:z;vdPto;
political organization bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI u7Uu7d
political party bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI yOwHO
political platform bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI twIr:yl:
political power bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wIpdwIurD:
political radicals bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wIqDwvJ
political systems bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI wI7JOwIusJ:wIz;r:usJ
pol tax xHuDI cdoGJ
pollution wIbOtUbOoD
popular sovereignty wIohOng wItdO'D;wIpdwIurD:vUPqhvUuyUxHuDIwbhO
popular vote [hOwIz; ttguwUI
Populist Movement yS:[hOwIz; twI[l;*J:
pork‐barrel legislation r:uJxDOvUBuU;;0J vU wIodOwIoD wIwdPusJ:t*DI
post‐industrial pJzDu[OwI*kPxDOyoDxDOpd:0H:tvDIcH
post‐modern chcgqUuwDI0H:tvDIcH
postwar wI'k;z;'dO0H:
poverty wIzSDOwI,P
prairie wIvDIvUtyU:'D;vJIvUtrJ7u:uvHPpd; 'D;cJewI
preamble vHPwDvHPrDvUtbOwIuGJ;tD:
Preamble of the Constitution vHPwDvHPrD vUbOC;'D; wIolOxDOwIbsUoJp;cdOohO
prejudice wIwbOolOwbOo;qd yPpU:wI
president uDIcdO'dO
President of the United States uDItrJ7u: uDIcdO
President Pro‐tempore (of the Senate) yS:tvDI'dOuUzdvU u7UvUtug'dO(bsDO'dOx;)
presidio ok;qSUvHPy7U wIvDI
privateer yS:vUtvDItv:tdO 'D;yS:r:wIt*:vU ubDzDcdO
productivity wIxk;xDOyeHPt*HIo[DO
Progressive Movement wIr: twI[l;wI*J:tusJvUbOvdPo;'D;chcgqUuwDIwIvJvdP
progressive tax cdoGJvU wIr:vUchcgqUuwDIwIvJvdPo;t*DI
Prohibition wI'k;qduwDIwIwrH:vUwIur:0H:tD:
propaganda wI7:vD:oEl
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 15
ENGLISH KAREN proportional representation wItcUOp; vUwItdOoCD:vdPo;
proprietorship yS:vU tdO'D;rkI0J:wIr: vUtupI'O0J
prosperity wIbDOxDOnDxDO
protect u[ku,P'Do'U
protectionist u[ku,P'Do'U wIwzO
protective tariff wItcdtoGJp7DvUu[hOwIu[kbHOu,PbU
protectorate yS:vUu[kbHOu,PbUwI
protest (march) ylxDO
public education wIulIbOulIoh vUursUIt*DI
public land [DOcdO vUursUIt*DI
public policy oElvUursUIt*DI
pump priming pJ;zSd; vUtug'dOuwUI< wI[hOqOxDOrkOusd:0J:uGPwIzH;wIr:cDzsdwIbsUvD:phrdIySI
Puritan work ethic yS:vUttdO'D;yPolOyPo;bOC;ouJPy0;vUCH;0J
Puritans yS:vUttdO'D;yPolOyPo; < yaLO7HOxUO
pursuit of happiness wIvl:csK;e>IwIo;rkPo;ckO
Q Q Quakers c7HPzdw0Utu7Uzd
quarantine wIqgvD:qDvUttdOtCDbOwIyPtD:xJw*:
quorum wItdOzSdOuuJxDOt*DI yS:eDI*HIvUtvdO
R R racial bOC;'D;yS:wuvkPbOwuvkP
racial group wIbOC;'D; yS:wuvkP t'lO
racial segregation wIbOC;'D; yS:wuvkPwIeD:z;qltuvkP'O0J
racism tJOuvkP'GJoEl
radical bOC;'D;wIrdIySI< wIqDwvJ
English tJuvH;
ratification wIqJ;vD:rH: vUwIbOvD:o;tzDcdO
ratify r:wItUOvD:'D;yP*UIyPusU:tD:cDzsdwIqJ;vD:rH:
real politic xH7lIuDIoJ; wIrhIwIeDIeDI
real wages wItbl;tvJeDIuDI
rebate usdOphvUer:e>Iuh:rhIvUe[hOwhItguJOqd;tCd
recall ohOeDOxDOuh:wI< ud;uh:
recession xHvDIuDIyl:wIzH;tDOr:tDOuDcJtqUuwDI
reciprocity wItdOto;vUyS:cH*:rhwrhIxHuDIcHbhOvUr:bsK;vdPo;,IcD,Ib;
reconstruction 'k;tdOxDOuh:wIu7Uu7dvUusJvD:qD'D;wIvUtyl:uGHP
Red Scare wIr:ysH:r:zk; 'dO'dO
redistribution of wealth wIuh:pdPqSUvD:wI vU wIxl;wIwD:< wIuh:eD:vD:uh:wIpkvDIcDOcdO
referendum wI[H;e>IursUIwIbOo;
refugee yS:bOuDbOcJ
region vDIu0D:
regionalism bOC;'D;vDIu0D:
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 16
ENGLISH KAREN regulation wIbsUvUtbOwIyPvD:tD:vUyS:e>Ipde>IurD:
religion wIblOwIbg
religious beliefs wIblOwIbg twIplIwIeP
religious group wIblOwIbg tu7lI
reparation usdOphvUxHuDIvUtbOC;vUwI'k;yl:bOvd;uh:
repeal xl;oHuGHP
representation wIyPzsgvUusJwbdbd
representative yS:cUOp;
representative democracy 'HOrdO`chOpHOtoElvUtdO'D;yS:vUtuwd:wIvUursUI tcUOp;
representative government uDIy'dOtoElvUtdO'D;yS:vUtzH;wIr:wIvUursUI tcUOp;
repression wIyU:CPwIo;*J:
republic uDIvUyS:xHzduDIzdCkxUxDOyS:w*:vUuyUtD:
Republican yS:vUtqDOxGJr:pU:xHuDIwIyUvUxHuDIzd'O0JCkxUxDOyS:yUwI
Republican Party u7lIvU yS:vUtqDOxGJr:pU:xHuDIwIyUvUxHuDIzdCkxUxDOyS:yUwI
reservations wI7JOusJ:vUwIuyPuD:e>ItD:wIvDI
resignation wI[;xDOvUwIr:
resolution yPvD:o;usU:usU:
resources wIyP*HIyPbg< wIulwIz;< wOtdOCU:
respect yPuJ< ,l;,DO
return to normalcy uh:u'gql wInDEkIr:to;
revenue tariff wItcdtoGJp7D wItcdoGJvUy'dOr:e>I0J
revolution wIyUIqU
rider wI*hIwIySDOtbsJOzdwpJ;vUbOwI'UEkPtgxDOvUy'dOwIuGJ;eDOyl:
rights cGJ;,P
rights of the accused cGJ;,PvU yS:vUtbOwIvdPbUvdPuGDI
Rights‐Wing Groups u 7lIzdvUxD'gwIvJvdPo; bOC;'D;xH*hIuDI*hI yOwHO
riot wIwUxDOwUvD:
river systems xHusd twI,G:vD: twIr:usJ
roads usJwzO
Roosevelt Corollary Roosevelt wI*hIbOxGJvdPo;
English tJuvH;
Rosenberg trials uGDIbsDO oJp;twI*hI wcg
Rugged Individualism yS:w*:pkPpkP wI*hIvUwbObsD;bO'g
rule of law wIbsU vU oJp;
rural bOC;'D;cdcdO'lo0D
S S Sacco and Vanzetti case Sacco and Vanzetti oJp;twI*hI
salutary neglect wueOCkP wI[hOwI,l;,DO
Sandinistas pJ'e(pf)p;wg uUzd
satellite nation rlzsUO'd xHuDI
scabs tudICh
scandal wIcJOolcJO*D:yS:*:'fod;tv:uyD:u[;*D:
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 17
ENGLISH KAREN scarcity wIu:< wIwvUwvDO
Scopes trial oJp;twI*hI wIvUyr:tD:e>Ioh
secede xk;z;o;'futdOob@
secession wI[;xDO
Second Continental Congress wItdOzSdO cHbsDwbsD vU uDI,l7y:tyl:
sectionalism bOwIeD:z;ok;xDxDOyS:tvDIv:
securities wItdOySd:'Dw'UwIvUwItU
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) uDItrJ7u:y'dOtyS:r:pU:wIzdvUtuGIxGJusdOphtwIqSUxDOqSUvD:*hI*D (SEC)
sedition wIr:vUbOwIpl;ugtD:u[hOqlOyS:'fod;uxD'gy'dO
Sedition Act wIxD'gy'dOtwIr: oJp;
segregation yPz;yS:qltuvkP'O0J'D;r:CkPt0JohOvUusJw'fod;vdPo;tyl:
self‐determination eDIupI twIyPvD:o;*UIusJ:
Senate bsDO'dOx;
Seneca Falls oJp; bOC;'D;ydPrkO
separate but equal r:vD:z; bOqO rhIwIxJod;
separation wIr:vD:z;wI
separation of church and state wItdOzSdO 'D; xHuDI vU ttdOvD:z;
separation of powers wIpdurD: vU tbOwI7:vD:tD:
settlement house wIvDIwIusJvUt'k;tdOxDO wIulObOulOoh'D; *hI0DwIr:pU:t*:ohOwzO
sharecropping wI[hOeD:vD:oud;wIolOwIzs;twIe>IbsK;ohOwzO
Shay’s Rebellion Shay’s wIylxDOwI
Sherman Anti‐Trust Act 7SJrU 'DqUwIrhIwIwD oJp;
Sit‐in qhOeD:vU tyl:< ekPvD:vUtyl:< r:e>IwIvDIwwD:vUuylxDOwIt*DI
slave trade yeHPu:wIr:< wIpdPqgrUuJukI
slave uprisings ukIylxDOwIvUwIob@t*DI
slavery wIyV:CPtD:'fukIw*:tod;
slums vDIzSDOvDI,I
social behavior wIyPolOyPo;vU wI7hvdPoud;
social contract wI7hvdPo; twItUOvD:
Social Darwinism wIqdurdOvU w*:bOw*: wu7lI vU 'O0heHO toJp; vUehqUO wIrkIwIbd wIzdwIvH
social gospel wIo;ckupDO wI7hvdPoud;
social security wI7hvdPoud;<yS:*hI0D wIbHOwIbU
social services *hI0DwIr:
social tensions wI7hvdPoud;twIxl;CH;
socialism qdO7SJOvh;oEl
Socialist Party u7UvUteP'D;qDOxGJqdO7SJOvh;oEl
Socialist Republics xHuDIvU xHuDIzdcUOp;yS: teP'D;qdOxGJe>IqdO7SJOvh;oElwIr:
society yS:wIu7Uu7d
sociology pJthOtwICkohOngr:vdwIbOC;'D;yS:*hI0D
soldiers yS:ok;zdwzO
South uvH:xH;
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 18
ENGLISH KAREN sovereignty wItdO'D;wIpdwIurD:vUPvUPqhqhvUuyUxHuDIwbhO
Soviet Union pdbH,;xHuDI
space race rlysDwIjyU
Spanish Civil War pyUe(pf) xHvDIuDIyl:wI'k;
spatial patterns rl[DOu,UtwItdOolOvD:to;
Speaker of the House bsDO'dOyl:yS:vUtdO'D;rl'gvU uuwd:'k;ohOngursUIohOwzO
Special Olympic tdOvOyH;wIvdPuGJ vUtvD:qD
specie pU:oGJO
speculation tdO'D;wIqdurdObOC;wIr:to;'D;wIohOngvUwI*hIcJvUP
sphere of influence vkIbUpdurd:vUvDIu0D:
spiritual beliefs eDIo;wI*HIwIbg twIplIwIeP
Square Deal wI7hvdPrkPvdPvUtwuGIrJP
Stamp Act wI*D:cdO oJp;
Star Wars rlysD twI'k;
starvation vD:'d
state xHuDI
state action xHuDI wI[l;wI*J:
state government xHuDI y'dO
state legislature xHuDI yS:vUttdO'D;wIpdurD:vU'k;tdOxDOwIqDwvJwIodOwIoD
statehood wIrhIxHuDIob@'D; tdO'D;cGJ;,PpdurD:'fxHuDIwbhOtod;
stereotype yS:xHOoHwI< wIePoHwI
stewardship theory wItH;uGIxGJwIzdwIvH: wIbsU
stock yeHPzSdO
stock market crash rkI0J:wIr: wzOtvDI twI[;*D:
strict construction wIolOxDO vUtvD:wHI
strikes wIyPzsgwIwbOo;
submission wItUOvD:vUyS:r:COuGHPtD:vH'D;tUOvD:'dueOtD:
subsistence farming wItdO,lIvUutdOrlt*DI wIr:0J:tvDI
suburban 0hIto;uHIyl:tCU:
suburbanization yS:vUttdOvU0hIto;uHIyl:tCU:
subversives vUt*kPr:[;*D:uGHPy'dOtwIyU
suffrage wIcGJ;,PvU u[hOwIz;
summit wItpdcdO< cdOeI'dOpd7d:wItdOzSdO
super majority wItug'dOuwUI
supply and demand wIqSU[hO'D; Che>IwI
supply‐side economics rkIusd:0J:uGPt'h vU r:qlOwIvU rkIusd:0J: 'D;cdoGJtzDcdO
supremacy wIvDIywDIvUtdO'D;wIpdwIurD:
supremacy clause wIvU tdO'D;wIpdwIurD:
Supreme Court uGDIbsDI vUt'dOtxDuwUI
surveys wI[;qSOuGIwIvDIwIusJ
T T Tammany Hall Tammany bsDO
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 19
ENGLISH KAREN tariff wItcdtoGJp7D
taxation usdOphvUtbOwI[hOtD:'fwItcdtoGJ
taxes wItcdtoGJwzO
Teapot Dome Scandal xHcsDudvU csH;ukwI'k;cdO wIcJOolcJO*D:yS:*:'fod;tv:uyD:u[;*D:< wI[hOcdOz;vPqSd;twIuJxDOo;vUuDItrJ7u:zJ 1921-22
technological unemployment yS:wtdO'D;wIr: cDzsdpJ;zDu[O pJthOtwIohOngqDwvJo;
technology pJthOtwIohOng
temperance movement wI[l;wI*J:vUtxD'gwIpl;ugoH;
tenant farmer yS:r:pHzd vUtr:wIzJ[DOcdOvUwI'd;vJtD:tvDI
tenement wIolOxDO'd;vJz;'dOvUyS:zSDOzd,Pzd t*DIvU0hIyl
termination wIr:uwUIwI
territory [DOcdOvDIvUttdOvUxHuDIwbhO
terrorism wIolwIpkqlOcDOwu;
Tet offensive wIvUtr:o;xDOyS:
textile wIuH;nPwcg*h:wcg*h:vUtbOwIxgtD:
The Federalist Papers u7Upd vHPtwIuGJ;
The Zenger Case The Zenger oJp;twI*hI
third party yS:oUzkwzkvUtyOCkPtgxDOvUwItdOto;wcg
Third World xHuDIoUbhOwbhO<
Three‐fifths Compromise ,JIyloUyl twIr:CkPvdPo;
totalitarian xHuDIoJ;tz;xHOvUttdO'D;pdurD:'D;yUqSUwIvUxHuDIzdtzDcdO
town meeting wItdOzSdObOwIr:vUt0hI'O0J
trade wIulvJIr:u:
trade deficit wIulvJIr:u: wIuDwIcJ
trade imbalance wIulvJIr:u: pD:yDIwbOvdPo;
trade markets yS:wIulOvJr:u: zag
tradition wItvkItvI
treason wIulO[;*D:xHuDI'O0J
treaties xHuDIud;bhOwItUOvD:tDvD:wzO
trickle down economic rkIusd:0J:uGPwIePvU yS:vgvJ'dOohOwzOtvgvJrhItgxDO'D; yS:t*:ohOwzO ue>IbsK;tgxDOvU *hI0DwIzH;wIr:ohOwzOtzDcdO
trust ePe>I
trust‐busting wIePe>I vD:rI
U U U.S. Constitution trJ7u: wIolOxDOwIbsUoJp;cdOohO
unalienable rights wIcGJ;,P vU yS:t*:[H;e>IqlOtD:we>I
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Uncle Tom t'J
unconstitutional twbOwIysJtD:vUxHuDIt*HIxH;oJp;
under consumption tdOvUwIpl;ug*HIo[DO tzDvP
Underground Railroad vhOrhOtlusJvU tdOvU[DOcdOrJPzH;tzDvP
Underwood Tariff uDItrJ7uOtwIeJO'd
undocumented wIvUtwuGJ;eDOuGJ;Cg
unemployment yS:wtdO'D;wIvkItDOo;orlwIr:
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 20
ENGLISH KAREN unicameral bsdO'dOtdO'OxJwcg{d:
union trJ7u:uD:pUzSdO< wIpUzSdO
United Nations bDrkIpUzSdOu7U
upward mobility wItdOrlywDIzkOqlwItdOrlywDIxD
urban vUtbOC;'D;0hI
urban development 0hItwI*k:xDOyoDxDO
urbanization tusJuyl:vU wIr:uJxDO'D;wI'dOxDOtyl:
utilities wIzH;wIr:vUwI[hOxDOvUyS:tg*:t*DI< wIpl;ugohOwzO
V V Versailles Treaty Versailles vHPCH;CP
veto bHOwdOpdurD:
veto override bHOwdOpdurD:vUtr:eU:
Vice President uDIcdOcH
victory wIr:eU:
Vietnam xHuDIvUtDOvU th7SUOtyl:< uDIbHO,eO
viewpoint wIqdurdOtusd:tusJbOC;'D;wI*hIcdOwDwcg
Volstead Act Volstead oJp; vUtbOpxDOoltD:zJ 1919 wk: 1933
vote [hOwIz;
Voting Rights Act (1965) wICkxUwI tcGJ;,P oJp; (1965)
W W Wagner Act Wagner oJp;
war wI'k;
War against poverty wI'k;vU xD'g wIzSDOwI,P
Watergate scandal xH7lIuDIoJ;wIcJOolcJO*D:uJxDOo;
wealth wIxl;wIwD:
welfare capitalism wIr:pU:vUusdOphupIoEl
welfare reform r:*h:xDOuh: wIr:pU:wI
West rkIEkP
western vUttdOvUrkIEkPwuy:
Whiskey Rebellion WhiskeywIylxDOwIyUwIjy;
White House uDItrJ7u:uDIcdOusUItdO[HOvUttdOvU0hI
white supremacy wIePwcgvUtrhIyS:0gzH;zdohOwzOtvDIywDIxDe>IyS:uvkPt*:
wildcat strike vUtyPzsgwIwbOo;vUtwtdO'D:wIzH;wIr:u7UrdIySItwIqDOxGJ
women’s right ydPrkOwzO twIcGJ;,P
Woman’s Suffrage ydPrkOwzO twIcGJ;,PvUu[hOwIz;
work ethic wIr: wIyPolOyPo;
working class yS:r:wIzdohOwzOtwItdOrlywDI
Works Project Administration wIr: twIwdPusJ: wIyUwIjy;
World Court [DOcdO'DbhO uGDIbsDO
world war [DOcdO'DbhOwI'k;
worldview [DOcdO'DbhOtwIxHOpd
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United States History & Government Glossary ‐ High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 21
ENGLISH KAREN Wounded Knee wIvDI vUttdO zJ uvHxH; wIudw:
writ of habeas corpus vHPvU yS:w*:bOwIzDO wbOzDO{ge>I upJ; u*DI vHPvUyS:ud;tD:
writ of mandamus wIuvkIvUtbOwI[hOvD:qly'dOtyS:r:wIzdttdO'fod;ur:ySJ:trlt'g
X Y Z X Y Z yellow journalism xUzSdO'D;uGJ;wIupDOwIwJwzOvUwUy7UIypUI
Yellow Peril wIr:ysH:r:zk; yS: vUttdOvUrkIEkPwuy:
yellow press xUzSdO'D;uGJ;wIupDOwIwJwzOvUwIy7UIypUI
zoning r:yeDO [DOu0D:'dO