Units of measurementFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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"Weights and measures" redirects here. For other uses, see Weights and measures (disambiguation).

The former Weights and Measures office in Seven Sisters, London

A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention and/or by

law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same physical quantity.[1] Any other value of the physical

quantity can be expressed as a simple multiple of the unit of measurement.

For example, length is a physical quantity. The metre is a unit of length that represents a definite predetermined

length. When we say 10 metres (or 10 m), we actually mean 10 times the definite predetermined length called

"metre".

The definition, agreement, and practical use of units of measurement have played a crucial role in human endeavour

from early ages up to this day. Different systems of units used to be very common. Now there is a global standard,

the International System of Units (SI), the modern form of the metric system.

Conversion of unitsFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Conversion of units refers to conversion factors between different units of measurement for the same quantity.

Area Unit Converter | Surface Conversion

Free Area or Surface unit converter online.

Use this tool to convert values of area from one unit to the other.

Units of Surface & Area: meter2 (m2), millimeter2 (mm2), centimeter2 (cm2), decimeter2 (dm2), deka2 (dam2), inch2

(in2), foot2 (ft2), yard2 (yd2), kilometer2 (km2), mile2 (mile2), Acre, Hectares (ha), Are, Section, Township.

LengthFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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"Width" redirects here. For technical meanings of width in mathematics, see Width (disambiguation).

For other uses, see Length (disambiguation).

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2010)

Look up length, width, breadth, or thickness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

In geometric measurements, length most commonly refers to the longest dimension of an object.[1]

In certain contexts, the term "length" is reserved for a certain dimension of an object along which the length is

measured. For example it is possible to cut a length of a wire which is shorter than wire thickness. Another example

is FET transistors, in which the channel width may be larger than channel length.

Length may be distinguished from height, which is vertical extent, and width or breadth, which are the distance from

side to side, measuring across the object at right angles to the length.

Length is a measure of one dimension, whereas area is a measure of two dimensions (length squared) and volume is

a measure of three dimensions (length cubed). In most systems of measurement, the unit of length is a fundamental

unit, from which other units are defined.

Length Conversion TableUnits of Length & Distance: meter (m), millimeter (mm), centimeter (cm), decimeter(dm), dekameter(dam),

hectometer(ha), kilometer (km), inch (in), foot (ft), yard (yd), mile, angstrom, chains, furlong, fathom, hand, league,

light year, micron, mil (norway-sweden), nautical mile, rod

Table of Metric Conversion Factors 1 centimeter = 10 millimeter 1 decimeter = 10 centimeter 1 meter = 10 decimeter 1 dekameter= 10 meter 1 hectometer= 10 dekameter 1 kilometer = 1000 m = 10 ha1 Angstrom = 10-10 meter

English & Metric Conversion Factors 1 inch = 25.4 millimeter1 feet = 12 inches 1 yard = 3 foot1 rod / perch = 16.5 foot1 chain = 22 yard1 furlong = 40 rd = 220 yd1 mile = 8 furlong1 mile = 5280 feet 1 hand = 4 inches 1 mil = 0.001 inch

Nautical Conversion Factors 1 fathom = 6 feet 1 cable length = 720ft = 120 fathom1 nautical mile= 1852 meter 1 league = 3 miles

VolumeFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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For other uses, see Volume (disambiguation).

A measuring cup can be used to measure volumes of liquids. This cup measures volume in units of cups, fluid ounces, and millilitres.

Volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space enclosed by some closed boundary, for example, the space that a

substance (solid, liquid, gas, or plasma) or shape occupies or contains.[1] Volume is often quantified numerically using

the SI derived unit, the cubic metre. The volume of a container is generally understood to be the capacity of the

container, i. e. the amount of fluid (gas or liquid) that the container could hold, rather than the amount of space the

container itself displaces.

Three dimensional mathematical shapes are also assigned volumes. Volumes of some simple shapes, such as

regular, straight-edged, and circular shapes can be easily calculated using arithmetic formulas. The volumes of more

complicated shapes can be calculated by integral calculus if a formula exists for the shape's boundary. One-

dimensional figures (such as lines) and two-dimensional shapes (such as squares) are assigned zero volume in the

three-dimensional space.

The volume of a solid (whether regularly or irregularly shaped) can be determined by fluid displacement.

Displacement of liquid can also be used to determine the volume of a gas. The combined volume of two substances

is usually greater than the volume of one of the substances. However, sometimes one substance dissolves in the

other and the combined volume is not additive.[2]

In differential geometry, volume is expressed by means of the volume form, and is an important global Riemannian

invariant. In thermodynamics, volume is a fundamental parameter, and is a conjugate variable to pressure.

Volume Conversion TableUnits of Volume & Capacity: cubic meter (m3), cubic millimeter (mm3), cubic centimeter (cm3), liter / litre (L), milliliter

(mL), cubic inches(in3), cubic feet (ft3), cubic yard (yd3), fluid minims (fl min), fluid drams(fl dr), fluid ounces(fl oz), pint

(pt), quart (qt), gallon (gal), barrel (bbl), bushel (bu), peck (pk), cord (cd), tablespoon, teaspoon, cup.

Common Volume Conversion Factors 1 cubic centimeter = 1000 cubic millimeter 1 cubic decimeter = 1000 cubic centimeter 1 cubic meter = 1000 cubic decimeter 1 liter / litre = .001 cubic meter 1 liter / litre = 10 deciliter 1 deciliter = 10 centiliter 1 centiliter = 10 milliliter 1 cubic foot = 1728 cubic inches1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet

UK Capacity Conversion Factors 1 fluid minims = 59.19379 cu mm 1 fluid drams = 60 minims 1 fluid ounces = 8 fluid drams 1 pint (pt) = 20 fluid ounces 1 gills (gi) = 0.25 pint 1 quart (qt) = 2 pint 1 gallon (gal) = 4 quart 1 oil barrel = 36 gallons 1 peck (pk) = 8 quart 1 bushel (bu) = 32 quart

US Liquid Volume Conversion Factors 1 fluid minims = 61.61152 cu mm 1 fluid drams = 60 minims 1 fluid ounces = 8 fluid drams 1 pint (pt) = 16 fluid ounces 1 gills (gi) = 0.25 pint 1 quart (qt) = 2 pint 1 gallon (gal) = 4 quart 1 oil barrel = 42 gallons

US Dry Volume Conversion Factors 1 pint (pt) = 33.6 cubic inches 1 quart (qt) = 2 pint 1 gallon (gal) = 4 quart 1 peck (pk) = 8 dry quart 1 bushel (bu) = 32 dry quart

Other Volume Conversion Factors 1 cord (cd) = 128 cubic feet 1 Teaspoon = 5 Millilitre 1 Tablespoon = 3 Teaspoon 1 Cup = 16 Tablespoon

Mass must be distinguished from matter in physics, because matter is a poorly-defined concept, and although all types of agreed-upon matter exhibit mass, it is also the case that many types of energy which are not matter—such as potential energy, kinetic energy, and trapped electromagnetic radiation (photons)—also exhibit mass. Thus, all matter has the property of mass, but not all mass is associated with identifiable matter.

Mass: gram (gm), microgram (µg), milligram (mg), centigram (cm), decigram (dg), dekagram (dag), hectogram (hg), kilogram (kg), megagram (Mg) or metric ton (t), grain, pennyweight (dwt), ounce (oz), pound (lb), dram (dr), short & long hundredweight (cwt), short & long ton, scruple (s), carat (c), gamma (y).

Metric: Mass Conversion Factors 1 centigram = 10 milligram 1 decigram = 10 centigram 1 gram = 10 dg = 1000 mg 1 dekagram = 10 gram 1 hectogram = 10 dekagram 1 kilogram = 1000 gram 1 megagram = 1000 kilogram 1 megagram = 1 metric ton

Troy Mass Conversion Factors 1 grain = 64.79891 milligram 1 pennyweight = 24 grains 1 ounce (oz t) = 20 pennyweight 1 pound (lb t) = 12 ounces

Avoirdupois Mass Conversion Factors 1 grain = 64.79891 milligram 1 dram (dr) = 27.34375 grains 1 ounce (oz avdp) = 16 drams 1 pound (lb avdp) = 16 ounces 1 hundredweight = 100 pound 1 ton = 20 hundredweight 1 long hundredweight = 112 pound 1 long ton = 20 long hundredweight

Apothecaries Mass Conversion Factors 1 grain = 64.79891 milligram 1 scruple(s) = 20 grains 1 dram (dr ap) = 3 scruple 1 ounce (oz ap) = 8 drams 1 pound (lb ap) = 12 ounces

Other Weight Conversion Factors 1 carat (c) = 200 milligrams 1 gamma (y) = 1 microgram

A marla is a unit of area.

[edit] Description in detail

The marla is a traditional unit of area in Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The marla was standardized under British rule to be equal to the square rod, or 272.25 square feet, 30.25 square yards, or 25.2929 square metres. As such, it was exactly one 160th of an acre.

The definition of marla varies between India and Pakistan. In North India, a marla is now based on the yard rather than the acre, and is equal to 25 sq yards. In Pakistan, it is still equal to 30.25 sq yards. A Pakistani marla is often referred to as a "big marla" in India.

One Pakistani Marla is equal to 9 sq karm in Urdu and karoon in Punjabi language 9 Sarsahi is equal to one Marla. 20 marlas in Pakistan are equal to one kanal.

[edit] Conversion table

Imperial MetricNorth Indian

marlaPakistani marla

1 square foot (144 square inches)

0.0929 sq. metres (929.03 sq. centimetres)

0.040 sarsahi 0.033 karm

1 square yard (9 sq. feet) 0.836 sq. metres0.360 sarsahi (0.040 marla)

0.298 karm (0.0331 marla)

1.196 sq. yards (10.76 sq. feet)

1 square metre0.431 sarsahi (0.0478 marla)

0.356 karm (0.0395 marla)

2.778 sq. yards (25 sq. feet)

2.322 sq. metres1 sarsahi (0.111 marla)

0.826 karm (0.0918 marla)

3.361 sq. yards (30.25 sq. feet)

2.810 sq. metres1.21 sarsahi (0.134 marla)

1 karm (0.111 marla)

25 sq. yards (225 sq. feet) 20.903 sq. metres1 marla (9 sarsahi)

0.826 marla (7.438 karm)

30.25 sq. yards (272.25 sq. feet = 0.0625 acres)

25.293 sq. metres1.21 marla (10.89 sarsahi)

1 marla (9 karm = 0.05 kanal)

605 sq. yards (0.125 acres)505.857 sq. metres (0.0506 hectares)

24.2 marla 1 kanal (20 marla)

1 acre (4840 sq. yards)0.405 hectares (4046.856 sq. metres)

193.6 marla 8 kanal (160 marla)

2.471 acres1 hectare (10000 sq. metres = 0.01 sq. kilometres)

478.396 marla19.768 kanal (395.369 marla)

247.1 acres (0.386 sq. miles)

1 square kilometre (100 hectares)

47,839.6 marla1976.8 kanal (39,536.9 marla)

1 square mile (640 acres)2.590 sq. kilometres (259.0 hectares)

123,904 marla

A kanal is a unit of area.

[edit] Description

A kanal is a traditional unit of land area in northern areas of Pakistan and also in the states of north India - Punjab (India), Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh; equal to 20 marlas. Under British rule the marla and kanal were standardized so that the kanal equals exactly 605 square yards or 1/8 acre; this is equivalent to about 505.857 square meters [1].

[edit] Conversions

A kanal is equal to:

0.125 acres (510 m2) 506 m² 20 marlas 605 square yards (Gaz in local languages and Urdu)

Usually people widely use this unit in Punjab and Islamabad. Whereas cities like Karachi, Hyderabad etc. do not use kanals or marlas, they use yards (Gaz in Urdu) to measure land specifically. This unit creates much confusion among people when discussing the size of land when people plan to buy land in other cities. For example, a person in Karachi who wants to buy land in Lahore would be confused as he would not know the size of the land as he has been accustomed to yards not marlas. Well same goes the other way round if someone from Lahore wants to buy land in Karachi. Well this confusion has not been looked into by the Government and no restriction of unit has been imposed yet. People are carrying on and this needs to be cleared everywhere specially by the property dealers and print media. So people get accustome to both of the units and know the details of each unit and its conversion.

Some of the commonly available land size have been specified below with converted values and region {Formula is 1 marla = 30.25 sq yards) (Gaz in Urdu):

Lahore, Islamabad etc.:

3 marla = 90.75 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu), 5 marla = 151.25 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu), 7.5 marla = 226.875 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu), 10 marla = 302.5 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu), 15 marla = 453.75 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu), 1 Kanal = 605 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu),

Karachi, Hyderabad etc.:

125 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 4.13 marla, 150 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 4.95 marla, 250 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 8.26 marla, 400 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 13.22 marla, 500 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 16.52 marla, 600 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 19.83 marla, 1000 sq yards (Gaz in Urdu) = 33.05 marla,

AcreFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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This article is about unit of area measure. For other uses, see Acre (disambiguation).

The acre is a unit of area in a number of different systems, including the imperial and U.S. customary systems. The

most commonly used acres today are the international acre and, in the United States, the survey acre. The most

common use of the acre is to measure tracts of land.

The acre is related to the square mile, with 640 acres making up one square mile. One mile is 5280 feet (1760 yards).

Divisions of land area were typically based on the square mile, and fractions thereof. If the square mile is divided into

quarters, each quarter has a side length of 1/2 mile (880 yards) and is 1/4 square mile in area, or 160 acres. These

subunits would typically then again be divided into quarters, with each side being 1/4 mile long, and being 1/16th of a

square mile in area, or 40 acres. In the United States, farmland was typically divided as such, and the phrase "the

back 40" would refer to the 40 acre parcel to the back of the farm. Most of the US midwest is on square mile grids for

surveying purposes.

One acre comprises 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet [1] or about 4,050 square metres (0.405 hectares) (see

below). While all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard,

so the exact size of an acre depends on which yard it is based on. Originally, an acre was understood as a selion of

land sized at one furlong (660 ft) long and one chain (66 ft) wide; this may have also been understood as an

approximation of the amount of land an ox could plough in one day. A square enclosing one acre is approximately

208 feet 9 inches (63.63 metres) on a side. As a unit of measure, an acre has no prescribed shape; any perimeter

enclosing 43,560 square feet is an acre in size.

The acre is often used to express areas of land in the U.S and in countries where the Imperial System is still in use.

As of 2010, the acre is not used officially in the United Kingdom. In the metric system, the hectare is commonly used

for the same purpose. An acre is approximately 40% of a hectare.

Perhaps the easiest way to envisage an acre is as a rectangle measuring 88 yards by 55 yards (1/10 of 880 yards by

1/16 of 880 yards), approximately the size of a standard American football field. To be more exact, one acre is 90.75

percent of a 100 yards (91.44 metres) long by 53.33 yards (48.76 metres) wide American football field (without the

end zones). The full field, including the end zones, covers approximately 1.32 acres (0.53 ha). The acre is also

approximately 56.68 percent of a 105 metres (344.49 feet) long by 68 metres (223.10 feet) wide Association football

(soccer) pitch. It may also be remembered as 44,000 square feet, less 1%; or as the product of 66 x 660.

FurlongFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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For other uses, see Furlong (disambiguation).

A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and U.S. customary units equal to one-eighth of a mile,

equivalent to 220 yards, 660 feet, 40 rods, or 10 chains. The exact value of the furlong varies slightly among English-

speaking countries.

Five furlongs are approximately 1 kilometre (1.0058 km is a closer approximation). Since the original definition of the

metre was one-quarter of one ten-millionth of the circumference of the Earth (along the great circle coincident with the

meridian of longitude passing through Paris), the circumference of the Earth is about 40,000 km or about 200,000

furlongs.

IMPERIAL

Length Area Capacity Weight

1 mile = 1760 yards1 mile = 8 furlong1 furlong = 10 chains1 chain = 4 rods1 rod = 5 1/2 yards1 yard = 3 feet1 foot = 12 inches

1 sq. mile = 640 acres1 acre = 4840 sq. yard1 sq. yard = 9 sq. feet1 sq. foot = 144 sq. inches

1 gal. = 4 quarts1 quart = 2 pints1 pint = 4 gills1 pint = 34.6774 inchs3

1 gill = 5 fl. oz.1 fl. oz. = 8 fl. drachms1 US gal = 0.8327 gal1 US pint = 0.8327 pint1 US pint = 16 fl. oz.1 yard3 = 27 feet3

1 foot3 = 1728 inches3

1 ton = 20 cwt1 ton = 2240 lb.1 ton = 1.12 US ton1 cwt = 4 quarters1 quarter = 2 stone.1 stone = 14 lb.1 lb. = 16 oz.1 oz. = 16 drams1 oz. = 437.5 grains1 US ton = 2000 lb.

METRIC

Length Area Capacity Weight

1 km = 10 hm1 km = 1000 m1 hm = 100 m1 m = 10 dm1 dm = 10 cm1 cm = 10 mm

1 km2 = 100 hectares1 hectare = 100 ares1 are = 100 m2

1 m2 = 100 dm2

1 dm2 = 100 cm2

1 cm2 = 100 mm2

1 m3 = 1000 litres1 litre = 1 dm3

1 litre = 1000 cc1 litre = 1000 ml

1 tonne = 1000 kg1 kg = 1000 g1 g = 1000 mg

IMPERIAL to METRIC

Length Area Capacity Weight

1 mile = 1.609 km1 yard = 0.9144 m1 foot = 0.3048 m1 inch = 25.4 mm

1 sq. mile = 2.59 km2

1 acre = 0.4047 hectares1 acre = 4046.86 m2

1 sq. yard = 0.8361 m2

1 sq. foot = 0.0929 m2

1 sq. inch = 645.16 mm2

1 gallon = 4.5461 litres1 US gallon = 3.785 litres1 pint = 0.5683 litres1 cu. inch = 16.3871 cm3

1 ton = 1.016 tonnes1 lb. = 0.4536 kg1 oz. = 28.3495 g1 US ton = 0.9072 tonnes

METRIC to IMPERIAL

Length Area Capacity Weight

1 km = 0.6214 miles1 m = 1.0936 yards1 m = 3.2808 feet1 mm = 0.0394 inches

1 km2 = 0.3861 mile2

1 km2 = 247.105 acres1 hectares = 2.4711 acres1 m2 = 10.7639 feet2

1 mm2 = 0.0016 inches2

1 litre = 0.22 gal.1litre = 0.2642 US gal.1 litre = 1.7598 pint1 m3 = 219.969 gal.1 m3 = 35.3147 feet3

1 tonne = 0.9842 ton1 tonne = 1.1023 US ton1 kg = 2.2046 lb.1 kg = 35.274 oz.

TEMPERATURE

deg. C to deg. F deg. F to deg. C

deg. C x 9/5 + 32 = deg. F (deg. F - 32) x 5/9 = deg. C

TABLES OF METRIC UNITS OF MEASUREMENT In the metric system of measurement, designations of multiples and sub-divisions of any unit may be arrived at by combining with the name of the unit the prefixes deka, hecto, and kilo meaning, respectively, 10, 100, and 1000, and deci, centi, and milli, meaning, respectively, one-tenth, one-hundredth, and one-thousandth. In some of the following metric tables, some such multiples and sub-divisions have not been included for the reason that these have little, if any currency in actual usage.

In certain cases, particularly in scientific usage, it becomes convenient to provide for multiples larger than 1 000 and for subdivisions smaller than one-thousandth. Accordingly, the following prefixes have been introduced and these are now generally recognized:

 yotta, (Y), meaning 1024   deci, (d), meaning 10-1

zetta, (Z), meaning 1021   centi, (c), meaning 10-2

exa, (E), meaning 1018   milli, (m), meaning 10-3

peta, (P), meaning 1015   micro, (u), meaning 10-6

tera, (T), meaning 1012   nano, (n), meaning 10-9

giga, (G), meaning 109   pico, (p), meaning 10-12

mega, (M), meaning 106   femto, (f), meaning 10-15

kilo, (k), meaning 103   atto, (a), meaning 10-18

hecto, (h), meaning 102   zepto, (z), meaning 10-21

deka, (da), meaning 101   yocto, (y), meaning 10-24

 Units of Length

   10 millimeters (mm) = 1 centimeter (cm)

10 centimeters = 1 decimeter (dm) = 100 millimeters10 decimeters = 1 meter (m) = 1000 millimeters10 meters = 1 dekameter (dam)10 dekameters = 1 hectometer (hm) = 100 meters10 hectometers = 1 kilometer (km) = 1000 meters

 Units of Area

   100 square millimeters (mm2) = 1 square centimeter (cm2)100 square centimeters = 1 square decimeter (dm2)100 square decimeters = 1 square meter (m2)100 square meters = 1 square dekameter (dam2) = 1 are100 square dekameters = 1 square hectometer (hm2) = 1 hectare (ha)100 square hectometers = 1 square kilometer (km2)

 Units of Liquid Volume

   10 milliliters (mL) = 1 centiliter (cL)10 centiliters = 1 deciliter (dL) = 100 milliliters10 deciliters = 1 liter1 = 1000 milliliters10 liters = 1 dekaliter (daL)10 dekaliters = 1 hectoliter (hL) = 100 liters10 hectoliters = 1 kiloliter (kL) = 1000 liters

 Units of Volume

   1000 cubic millimeters (mm3) = 1 cubic centimeter (cm3)1000 cubic centimeters = 1 cubic decimeter (dm3)  = 1 000 000 cubic millimeters1000 cubic decimeters = 1 cubic meter (m3)  = 1 000 000 cubic centimeters  = 1 000 000 000 cubic millimeters

 Units of Mass

   10 milligrams (mg) = 1 centigram (cg)10 centigrams = 1 decigram (dg) = 100 milligrams10 decigrams = 1 gram (g) = 1000 milligrams10 grams = 1 dekagram (dag)10 dekagrams = 1 hectogram (hg) = 100 grams10 hectograms = 1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams1000 kilograms = 1 megagram (Mg) or 1 metric ton(t)

 2. TABLES OF U.S. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT2

 In these tables where foot or mile is underlined, it is survey foot or U.S. statute mile rather than international foot or mile that is meant.

 Units of Length

   12 inches (in) = 1 foot (ft)3 feet = 1 yard (yd)16-1/2 feet = 1 rod (rd), pole, or perch40 rods = 1 furlong (fur) = 660 feet

8 furlongs = 1 U.S. statute mile (mi) = 5280 feet1852 meters = 6076.115 49 feet (approximately)  = 1 international nautical mile

 Units of Area3

   144 square inches (in2) = 1 square foot (ft2)9 square feet = 1 square yard (yd2,)  = 1296 square inches272-1/4 square feet = 1 square rod (sq rd)160 square rods = 1 acre = 43 560 square feet640 acre = 1 square mile (mi2)1 mile square = 1 section of land6 miles square = 1 township  = 36 sections = 36 square miles

 Units of Volume3

   1728 cubic inches (in3) = 1 cubic foot (ft3)27 cubic feet = 1 cubic yard (yd3)

 Gunter's or Surveyors Chain Units of Measurement

   0.66 foot (ft) = 1 link (li)100 links = 1 chain (ch)  = 4 rods = 66 feet80 chains = 1 U.S. statute mile (mi)  = 320 rods = 5280 feet

 Units of Liquid Volume4

   4 gills (gi) = 1 pint (pt)= 28.875 cubic inches2 pints = 1 quart (qt) = 57.75 cubic inches4 quarts = 1 gallon (gal) = 231 cubic inches  = 8 pints = 32 gills

 Apothecaries Units of Liquid Volume

   

60 minims (min or ) = 1 fluid dram (fl dr or f )  = 0.225 6 cubic inch8 fluid drams = 1 fluid ounce (fl oz or f )  = 1.804 7 cubic inches16 fluid ounces = 1 pint (pt or )  = 28.875 cubic inches  = 128 fluid drams2 pints = 1 quart (qt) = 57.75 cubic inches  = 32 fluid ounces = 256 fluid drams4 quarts = 1 gallon (gal) = 231 cubic inches  = 128 fluid ounces = 1024 fluid drams

 Units of Dry Volume5

   2 pints (pt) = 1 quart (qt) = 67.200 6 cubic inches8 quarts = 1 peck (pk) = 537.605 cubic inches  = 16 pints

4 pecks = 1 bushel (bu) = 2150.42 cubic inches  = 32 quarts

 Avoirdupois Units of Mass6

 [The "grain" is the same in avoirdupois, troy, and apothecaries units of mass.]

 27-11/32 grains = 1 dram (dr)16 drams = 1 ounce (oz)  = 437-1/2 grains16 ounces = 1 pound (lb)  = 256 drams  = 7000 grains100 pounds = 1 hundredweight (cwt)7

20 hundredweights = 1 ton  = 2000 pounds7

 In "gross" or "long" measure, the following values are recognized:

   112 pounds = 1 gross or long hundredweight720 gross or long hundredweights = 1 gross or long ton  = 2240 pounds7

 Troy Units of Mass

 [The "grain" is the same in avoirdupois, troy, and apothecaries units of mass.]

   24 grains = 1 pennyweight (dwt)20 pennyweights = 1 ounce troy (oz t)= 480 grains12 ounces troy = 1 pound troy (lb t)  = 240 pennyweights = 5760 grains

 Apothecaries Units of Mass

 [The "grain" is the same in avoirdupois, troy, and apothecaries units of mass.]

   20 grains = 1 scruple (s ap or )3 scruples = 1 dram apothe-caries (dr ap or )  = 60 grains8 drams apothecaries = 1 ounce apothecaries (oz ap or )  = 24 scruples = 480 grains12 ounces apothecaries = 1 pound apothecaries (lb ap)  = 96 drams apothecaries 

TABLES OF UNITS OF MEASUREMENT(all underlined figures are exact)

Units of Length - International Measure8

Units of Length - Survey Measure8

 

Units of Area - International Measure9

(all underlined figures are exact)

 

Units of Area - Survey Measure9

 

Units of Volume(all underlined figures are exact)

 

Units of Capacity or Volume - Dry Volume Measure

 

Units of Capacity or Volume - Liquid Volume Measure(all underlined figures are exact)

 

Units of Mass Not Less Than Avoirdupois Ounces(all underlined figures are exact)

 

Units of Mass Not Greater Than Pounds or Kilograms(all underlined figures are exact)

Table of Measures

Apothecaries

1 scruple = 20 grains1 dram = 3 scruples1 ounce = 8 drams1 pound = 12 ounces

Avoirdupois

1 ounce = 16 drams1 pound = 16 ounces1 hundredweight = 100 pounds1 ton = 2,000 pounds1 long ton = 2,240 pounds

Dry Measure

2 pints = 1 quart4 quarts = 1 gallon2 gallons = 1 peck4 pecks = 1 bushel

Liquid Measure

4 gills = 1 pint2 pints = 1 quart4 quarts = 1 gallon63 gallons = 1 hogshead2 hogsheads = 1 pipe or butt2 pipes = 1 tun

Linear Measure

1 foot = 12 inches1 yard = 3 feet1 rod = 5 1/2 yards1 mile = 320 rods1 mile = 1,760 yards1 mile = 5,280 feet1 international nautical mile = 6,076.1155 feet1 knot = 1 nautical mile per hour1 furlong = 1/8 mile1 furlong = 660 feet1 furlong = 220 yards1 league = 3 miles24 furlongs = 3 miles1 fathom = 2 yards1 chain = 100 links100 links = 22 yards1 link = 7.92 inches1 hand = 4 inches1 span = 9 inches

Square Measure

1 square foot = 144 inches1 square yard = 9 square feet1 square rod = 30 1/4 square yards = 272 1/4 square feet1 acre = 160 square rods = 43,560 square feet1 square mile = 640 acres = 102,400 square rods1 square rod = 625 square links1 square chain = 16 square rods1 acre = 10 square chains

Area Conversion Table

This is an online area conversion table which provides conversion factors between various commonly used units of

area measurement. It consists of following common area units: square centimeter (cm2), square meter (m2), hectare

(ha), square kilometer (km2), square inch (in2), square feet/foot (ft2), square yard (yd2), square mile (mi2) and acre

(ac).

Area Conversion Table (Common Area Units)

square centimeter (cm2)

square meter (m2)

hectare (ha)

square kilometer (km2)

square inch (in2)

square foot/feet (ft2)

square yard (yd2)

square mile (mi2)

acre (ac)

1 square centimeter (cm2)

1 0.00010.00000001

0.0000000001

0.15500031000062

0.001076391041671

0.00011959900463011

0.000000000038610215854781

0.000000024710538146717

1 square meter (m2)

10000 1 0.0001 0.0000011550.0031000062

10.76391041671

1.1959900463011

0.00000038610215854781

0.00024710538146717

1 hectare (ha)

100000000

10000 1 0.0115500031.000062

107639.1041671

11959.900463011

0.0038610215854781

2.4710538146717

1 square kilometer (km2

10000000000

1000000

100 1 1550003100.0062

10763910.41671

1195990.0463011

0.38610215854781

247.10538146717

)

1 square inch (in2)

6.45160.00064516

0.000000064516

0.00000000064516

10.0069444444444444

0.0007716049382716

0.00000000024909766860871

0.00000015942250790736

1 square foot/feet (ft2)

929.0304

0.09290304

0.000009290304

0.00000009290304

144 10.11111111111111

0.000000035870064279654

0.000022956841138659

1 square yard (yd2)

8361.2736

0.83612736

0.000083612736

0.00000083612736

1296 9 10.00000032283057851688

0.00020661157024793

1 square mile (mi2)

25899881103

2589988.1103

258.99881103

2.5899881103

4014489599.9442

27878399.999612

3097599.9999569

1639.9999999911

1 acre (ac)

40468564.224

4046.8564224

0.40468564224

0.0040468564224

6272640 43560 48400.0015625000000217

1

To use this Area Conversion Table, please consider to have a look at the examples bellow,

Value in the cell of 4 th row and 3 rd column of the area conversion table is 10000. This means 1 hectare = 10000 square meter.

Value in the cell of 10 th row and 7 th column of the area conversion table is 43560. This means 1 acre = 43560 square feet.

Note: All area conversion factors are not exact and some of them are rounded to limit the number of digits. Also the

area conversion factor for same area unit may vary based on the country, customery and context of use.

Metric Chart (Metric Table)

The following tables show some of the more common measures, and the conversion between larger and smaller units. The left hand tables show the units for the metric system while the right hand tables show for the Imperial and USA measurement systems. For measures where the Imperial units are different from the USA units (e.g. for gallons) this is noted. Metric length       Imperial/USA Length    

10 millimeters = 1 centimeter   12 inches = 1 foot

10 centimeters = 1 decimeter   3 feet = 1 yard

10 decimeters = 1 meter   22 yards = 1 chain

10 meters = 1 decameter   10 chains = 1 furlong

10 decameters = 1 hectometer   8 furlongs = 1 mile (5280 feet)

10 hectometers

= 1 kilometer (1000 meters)       

 Metric area       Imperial/USA area    

100 square mm = 1 square centimeter   144 square inches = 1 square foot

10000 square cm = 1 square meter   9 square feet = 1 square yard

100 square m = 1 are   4840 square yards = 1 acre

100 ares = 1 hectare   640 acres = 1 square mile

100 hectares = 1 square kilometer       

  = 1000000 square meters       

The Imperial and USA systems have the same definition of the pound and the same definition of the ounce. However, the Imperial system uses the "stone", which is not used in the USA system. In the Imperial systems a "hundredweight" is not a hundred pounds but is equal to 8 stones, giving a weight of 112 pounds (8 * 14 pounds). Likewise, the Imperial "ton" is defined as 20 "hundredweight", given a weight of 2240 pounds (20 * 112 pounds). Therefore, when speaking of a hundredweight or a ton, one needs to know whether it is the Imperial version of these measures or the USA version.Metric mass       Imperial/USA weight    

1000 grams = 1 kilogram   16 ounces = 1 pound

1000 kilograms = 1 ton   14 pounds = 1 stone (UK)

        8 stones (UK) = 1 hundredweight (UK)

         = 112 pounds (UK)

        100 pounds = 1 hundredweight (USA)

        20 hundredweight (UK) = 1 ton (UK)

         = 2240 pounds

        20 hundredweight (USA) = 1 ton (USA)

         = 2000 pounds

The Imperial and USA systems use similar terms for liquid capacity, but the relationships of the units are not the same. The Imperial system has 5 fluid ounces to a gill, while the USA system has 4 fluid ounces to a gill. This means that the gill and all multiples of it (e.g. cup, pint, quart, gallon) are all larger in the Imperial system than in the USA system. The Imperial fluid ounce (equal to 28.413 062 5 milliliters) is slightly smaller than the USA fluid ounce (equal to 29.573 529 562 5 milliliters).Within the UK, the Imperial "tablespoon" is officially defined as 5/8 of a fluid ounce and a teaspoon is 1/24 of a gill. However, in other Imperial countries the tablespoon is often defined as half an ounce and the teaspoon as one third of a tablespoon. For ease of use, we've used these simpler definitions in the following table. For our metric calculators, the official UK definitions are used. In general, there are multiple interpretations of the exact value of teaspoon, tablespoon and cup (see Cooking Converter for further discussion of this point).Metric capacity

      Imperial liquid capacity    

10 mililiters = 1 centilitre   2 teaspoons = 1 dessertspoon

10 centiliters = 1 decilitre   3 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon

10 deciliters = 1 litre   2 tablespoons = 1 fluid ounce

1000 liters = 1 cubic meter

  5 fluid ounces = 1gill

        2 gills = 1 cup

        2 cups = 1 pint

         = 20 fluid ounces

        2 pints = 1 quart

        4 quarts = 1 gallon

        USA liquid capacity    

        3 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon

        2 tablespoons = 1 fluid ounce

        4 fluid ounces = 1 gill

        2 gills = 1 cup

        2 cups = 1 pint

           16 fluid ounces

        2 pints = 1 quart

        4 quarts = 1 gallon

Metric ConversionWe provide a metric system converter and conversion table for all common conversions at Quick Metric Converter. Related topics are provided at Metric System Conversion.