universal knowledge project four most crucial components in solving it-age knowledge divide a...
TRANSCRIPT
Universal Knowledge ProjectFour Most Crucial Components
In Solving IT-age Knowledge Divide
A Digital Nations Project
Dr. Kazuhiko [email protected]
Media LaboratoryMassachusetts Institute of Technology
July 24 & 25, 2001 Cambridge, USA
2
Humankind has become the master of this planetthrough
languages and characters
Languages and charactershave guided humankind's development and growth
Languages and characters are a bridge linking
all nations and peoples
We need to solve language problems on the Internetso that we can make the best use of it
4
Population Forecasts for Major Cities in 2010 (unit: millions)
(14) Calcutta (India) 15.70 m(15) New Delhi (India) 15.58 m(16) Los Angeles (USA) 13.91 m(17) Seoul(South Korea) 13.91 m(18) Buenos Aries (Argentina) 13.68 m(19) Cairo (Egypt) 13.42 m(20) Rio de Janeiro(Brazil) 13.32 m(21) Bangkok (Thailand) 12.74 m(22) Tehran (Iran) 11.88 m(23) Istanbul (Turkey) 11.80 m(24) Osaka (Japan) 10.60 m(25) Moscow (Russia) 10.37 m(26) Lima (Peru) 10.07 m
(1) Tokyo (Japan) 28.93 m(2) San Paolo(Brazil) 24.97 m(3) Bombay (India) 24.37 m(4) Shanghai (China) 21.67 m(5) Lagos (Nigeria) 21.09 m(6) Mexico City(Mexico) 18.02 m(7) Beijing (China) 17.97 m(8) Dhaka (Bangladesh) 17.55 m(9) New York (USA) 17.23 m(10) Jakarta (Indonesia) 17.20 m(11) Karachi (Pakistan) 17.02 m(12) Manila (Philippines) 16.06 m(13) Tenshin (China) 15.70 m
1
2
3 4
56
7
8
9
10
1112
13
1415
1617
18
19
20
2122
23
24
25
26
Source: World Bank Data
5
The spread of the Internet will expand the unfairness of knowledge
Defacto standard language on the Internet == English
Knowledge ends up being created and stored in English
The knowledge of thosewho speak Englishincreases further
Those who cannot speakEnglish are unable to accessknowledge over the Internet
The gap grows larger and larger
>
>
>
6
In order for humankind to be able to share knowledge,the following must happen:
1. There must be universal access to the Internet.
2. The problem of currency barriers must be resolved.
3. Inexpensive computers must become available everywhere.
4. The problem of language barriers must be resolved.
7
Project 1
URI (Universal Radio Internet) Project
Satellite
Ku band transponder on PanAmSat
IEEE 802.11b + new 402.11x linkTerrestrial network connections for
inter-wireless packet routers & clients
802 for PC401 for long distance slow speed
Frequency
Ku band and 2.4/1.2 GHzworldwide coverage
Metropolitan Phased Array Antenna
“The Sun Flower”Distributed small antennas to and
from Ku band Satellite
Developing
a global wireless connection
to the Internet
without government license
Groupware and Remote Disk Server
Integrated messaging andinteractive learning
8
GPS
802.11b401.11x
802.11b401.11x
USAT
Ku bandsatellite
802.11b401.11x
$500-$1000
$500 - $1000
USAT
Ku bandsatellite
Ku bandsatellite
GPS
GPS
$500 - $1000
USAT
9
Project 2
UEC (Universal Electronic Coin) Project
Minimum unit is 1 microgram of gold
0.001 cent
Collaboration with major credit card companies and
major international banksIncludes localization flexibility
Web-based link operationtechnology
Repaying for quotes
Develop gold-based electronic prepaid
money system for micro payment
for browsing complying Web pages
Combination ofOnline and Offline transactions
3 options[US dollar and gold] in America
[Euro and gold] in Europe[Gold only] in the rest of the world
10
Internet
RDID sensor
Pay by touching
Access RFID cardsupport
Swatch Access RFIDsupport
Universal PC
11
Project 3
UPC (Universal Paper Computer) Project
Manufacturing several kinds of VLSI chips base on Strong Arm
Recyclable cardboard andplastic body
Technology for printing circuits on paper (application of
Joe Jacobson’s research at MIT)
Developing an improved OS, JAVA, and CPU-independent
P-code as the OS and programming language
Power supply by air and solar batteries
Developing $100 network PC
Cardboard PC based on one VLSI chip and circuits
printed on paper
12
Single-Chip PC on a Paper
80211.b
1 chip
1 shot 1 piece KB
Rechargeablebatteries
Optionalmemory
Video out forTV monitor
Paper printed circuitUSB 2.0 port
Display option
640x480, 1024x7682000x1000
antenna
13
Universal PC chip design
ARM9+Core
SDRAMCMEMC
SDRAM 16MB
Bridge
buffer
FLASH
VIDEO
SDRAM
WirelessLAN
(PCM)
(OPLL)
(PSG)
(I/O) (RTC) (TIMER)
Config
Bridge
MUX
Video
Video
VideoDAC
Video Out
FPGA
14
Universal PC Chip Block Design Ver. 4
JTAG
ARM920T400 MHz
AHB-APBBridge
MEDIAcontroller
SD-memory2 slots
4chDMAC
MEMORYcontroller
Interruptcontroller
USB-Hostcontroller
USBTarget
controller
Video RAM8 MB
Videocontroller
RAM16 MB
FLASH8 MB
AHB
APB
SecurityWireless LAN
orBluetooth
TIMER RTC PIO
Videoselector
I/O selector
USB2.0UP
Stream7 ports
USB2.0DOWNStream1 port
Videoencoder
RF-ICKeyboard
port General I/O
portAUDIO
DAC
©2001 Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMedia Lab / Kazuhiko Nishi
PLDDownloader
PLD
1 million gates
PLD RAM8 MB
15
Project 4
UNL (Universal Networking Language) Project
Automated translationtechnology
Universal Word and Syntaxas intermediate language
HTML language extension
Develop
a browser-based
translation system
between 189 languages
Online multi-language dictionary maintenance system
Web-based operationtechnology
16
UNL is The Way to Solve the Language Problem
Store knowledge in both its mother tongue and UNL
Those who speak that mother tongue can access knowledge as is
Those who speak another language can use a deconverterto translate UNL into their own language
Users install the deconverteras a plug-in for their browser
17
Established Achievements in Key Languages
byGovernments, Universities, Laboratories, and Companies
forArabic, Chinese, English, French,
German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian,Japanese, Latvian, Mongolian,
Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swahili, and Thai
with support fromUnited Nations University,
Institute for Advanced Study,UNL Center
18
Our Goals
By 2000,
16 languages online with UNL. (Almost done)
By the end of 2003,
31 languages (16 + all 15 EU) online with UNL.
(Soon…)
By 2009,
support all 189 UN member states.
(This is the real challenge!)
19
Field Tests (Proposal)
As we develop this project, we will plan to start a field test in 2005 for the tools that will enable everyone, everywhere to participate in the digital community and share knowledge in their mother tongue for less than $100.
UnitedNations
UnitedNations
UniversityTokyo
UNLFoundation
GenevaMLE IOC Junior
SummitITU UNESCO Unicef Harvard Camp
UPC Available to everyone at a low price
Strong Arm +
Distributing 1000 sets of $100 PCsconnection routers to
1,000 communitiesDigital Foster Families
Workshops and contests for designing a $100 PC
URIAccessible anywhere in the
worldKu band and 1.2/2.4GHz
Feedback for technology evaluation
Online festival by participating communities
Field test both in real world and cyberspace
Electronic payment experiment with wireless
prepaid card system
UECUseable in cyberspace
in any country
Communication test usingpictographs and symbols
Digital applications to community problems such as medical care, education, and
the environment
UNLAccessible in any of the
189 languages
20
The organization that accomplishes thiswill gain astronomical profit and fame.
However,we should not purse this project for profit and fame.
Should we not instead make this come true for the world as a legacy for our future generations?
If we do not do this, it is likely that other groups will try the same thing.
Not for competition,but for open cooperation and open collaboration
with other organizations and groups as well.