universals of verbal & nonverbal messages interaction of verbal &nonverbal messages = we...
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Universals of Verbal & Nonverbal Messages
Interaction of Verbal &Nonverbal Messages =
We blend verbal and nonverbal messages to best convey our meanings
II. Meanings & Messages
A. Meanings are in people B. Meanings are more than words &
gestures
C. Meanings are Unique =
no 2 people ever have the same understanding
D. Meanings are both denotative & connotative
1. denotative = objective definition
2. connotative = subjective or emotional meaning
E. Meanings are Context-Based
III. Message Characteristics
A. Messages are Packaged = to create a unified meaning
Messages are Rule-Governed
C. Vary in Abstraction D. Vary in Directness
Verbal Messages: Principles & Pitfalls
Unit 10
I. Disconfirmation & Confirmation =
the extent to which you acknowledge another person
A. Disconfirmation =
ignoring a person’s presence and a person’scommunications
B. Confirmation-
acknowledge and accept the other person
C. Types 1. Racism –
places a certain racial or ethnic group in an inferior position
2. Sexism = get rid of a. generic “Man” b. generic “He” & “His” c. sex role stereotyping
C. Heterosexism = refers to language used to disparage lesbians and gay men
II. Excluding Talk & Inclusion = include others
III. Balance of Self & Other
A. Principle of Balance = strive for interactions using a balance of
self-talk and other talk
IV. Principles of Honest Appraisals
Focus on the Behavior Not the Person State Criticism Positively Be Constructive
• Own Your Own Thoughts and Feelings• Avoid Ordering & Directing
• Consider the Context• Use I-messages