UNIVERSE AND SOLAR SYSTEM

Learning Competencies:

*State the different theories explaining the

origin of the universe.

*Describe the different theories explaining

the origin of the solar system.

*Think about it..

*Suppose you meet an alien and asks you to

describe Earth, your home. How will you

describe Earth?

*Suppose the alien further asks the origin and

history of your home and where it came

from, can you confidently answer the

question?

FACT

OR

BLUFF

*FACT

*THE UNIVERSE AS WE

CURRENTLY KNOW IT ALL

COMPRISES ALL SPACE AND

TIME AND ALL MATTER AND

ENERGY IN IT.

*BLUFF

*THE UNIVERSE IS AT LEAST

4.5-4.6 BILLION YEARS OLD.

*FACT

*ACCORDING TO CLAUDIUS

PTOLEMY, THE EARTH IS THE

CENTER OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

*BLUFF

*THE SUN IS THE CENTER OF

THE UNIVERSE

*FACT

*EARTH IS THE ONLY PLANET IN

THE SOLAR SYSTEM WITH

PROPERTIES NECESSARY TO

SUPPORT LIFE.

ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

*What is your idea about the

beginning of the universe?

of

Explained by Explained by

Origin

Steady StateBig Bang

theoriesassumptions

Universe13.7 bya

characteristics

propertiestheories

4.6 byaSolar system

Inflation Theory Nebular

hypothesis

Planetesimal

HypothesisCreation Myth

has has

Tidal

Theory

Cosmology - is the study of

the universe, including its

properties, structure and

evolution.

Universe* derived from the Old French word univers,

which in turn derives from the Latin

word universum

* is all of space and time (spacetime) and its

contents, which

includes planets, moons, minor

planets, stars, galaxies, the contents

of intergalactic space and all matter

and energy.

* sometime called cosmos

*

*Evolutionary or evolving universe theory

*All matter and energy of space are compressed in a

primordial core. Billion years ago, this primordial core

exploded.

*Immediately, after the explosion, the early universe is

composed of intense radiation and particles.

*The intense radiation, together with some matter,

formed a rapidly expanding region called the primordial

fireball.

*In time, the matter broke apart into huge clumps.

*The clumps became the galaxies.

*Smaller clumps within the galaxies formed stars.

*

*Proposed by Alan Guth, Andrei Linde, Paul

Stein Hart, and Andy Albrecht

*Basically, cosmic inflation is the

hypothesis that, immediately after the big

bang, the universe expanded very, very,

very rapidly - much faster than the speed

of light. A fraction of a second later, this

rapid expansion slowed, and the universe

continued to expand, but at a much

slower rate.

*

*The universe is expanding and has an infinite age.

*Infinite Universe Theory or Continuous Creation

*Proposed by Hermann Bondi, Thomas Gold, And Sir Fred

Hoyle

*The universe has no beginning or end.

*The universe is in the process of constant creation and the

matter is being continually replenished in one place and

being destroyed elsewhere.

*Believes that as galaxies move apart, new matter appears

between them and forms new galaxies.

*As new galaxies form, old ones die, with the universe

always having the same density.

**According to the

Genesis of the

Bible’s Old

testament, the

creation of the

entire cosmos

(universe) took

place in six days.

The biblical

creation story tells

that God created

the universe.

*7 DAYS OF CREATION

*Day 1 - God created light and separated the

light from the darkness, calling light "day"

and darkness "night."

*Day 2 - God created an expanse to separate

the waters and called it "sky."

*Day 3 - God created the dry ground and

gathered the waters, calling the dry ground

"land," and the gathered waters "seas." On

day three, God also created vegetation

(plants and trees).

*Day 4 - God created the sun, moon,

and the stars to give light to the earth

and to govern and separate the day and

the night. These would also serve as

signs to mark seasons, days, and years.

*Day 5 - God created every living

creature of the seas and every winged

bird, blessing them to multiply and fill

the waters and the sky with life.

*Day 6 - God created the animals to fill the

earth. On day six, God also created man

and woman (Adam and Eve) in his own

image to commune with him. He blessed

them and gave them every creature and the

whole earth to rule over, care for, and

cultivate.

*Day 7 - God had finished his work of

creation and so he rested on the seventh

*How did the solar system

and its life forms originate

from something that is

very hot and very small?

ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM

*

*Proposed by Immanuel Kant and Pierre-Simon

Laplace

*Kant-Laplace Nebular Hypothesis

*A great cloud of gas and dust, called nebula, begins

to collapse because of gravitational pull.

*As the cloud contracted it spuns more rapidly.

*Spinning cloud flattens into a pancake-shaped object

with a bulge at the center.

*As nebula collapses further, local regions contract on

their own due to gravity.

*These local regions become the sun and the planets.

*

*Proposed by Thomas Chowder Chamberlin and

Forest Ray Moulton

*The collission of a star created huge tides on the

surface of our sun that resulted to erupted matter.

*The cross-pull from the star was thrust into

elliptical orbits around the sun.

*The smaller masses quickly cooled to become solid

bodies called planetesimals.

*As their orbits crossed, the larger bodies grew by

absorbing the planetesimals, thus becoming

planets.

*

*Proposed by Sir James Hopwood Jeans’ and

Harold Jeffreys

*Planets were formed from the substance that

was torn out of the sun.

*As a speeding massive star passed near the

Sun, it pulled off material due to gravitational

attraction.

*The pulled off material subsequently

condensed to form the planets.

*

*

*Claudius Ptolemy

*2nd century

*Earth is the center of the solar

system

*

*Nicolaus Copernicus

*16th century

*Sun is at the center of the

solar system

*

*1. The study of the entire universe,

2. The widely accepted theory about the origin of

the universe.

3. This theory states that the universe has always

been the same and will continue to be the same

forever.

4. This theory suggests that the universe

expanded from a small ball and it is still

expanding.

5. The other term for universe.

KNIP

**1. Do you think there are other life

forms exploring the universe aside

from humans? Why or why not?

*2. If the universe is expanding, does

that mean earth is also increasing its

distance from the sun? Will this

possibility affect the sustainability of

life on earth?