universe of eg submissions trade and environment division 19 april 2010 (update of the presentation...
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“Universe” of EG SubmissionsTrade and Environment Division
19 April 2010(Update of the presentation delivered on 18 February 2010)
For more information, please contact [email protected]
This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice to the positions of Members and to
their rights and obligations under the WTO.
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Introduction
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Caveats
Submissions on Environmental Goods (EGs) covered in the presentation• By a group of 9 Members (9M): Canada, the European Union, Japan, Korea, New Zealand,
Norway, Switzerland, Chinese Taipei and the United States – JOB(09)/132 (9 October 2009)• By Saudi Arabia (S) – JOB(09)/169 (6 November 2009)• By Japan (J) – TN/TE/W/75/Add.1 (16 February 2010)• By the Philippines (P) – JOB/TE/2 (16 February 2010)
Trade Data (UN Comtrade Database):• Based on entire HS6-Lines• Nominal US$ Values in Time Series using Current Exchange Rates (and not Purchasing Power
Parity – Rates)• Recording Errors and Evaluation Differences between reporting importing and reporting exporting
countries• Data availability: 2003: 94 WTO Members; 2004: 108 Members; 2005: 114 Members, 2006: 119
Members, 2007: 118 Members, 2008: 108 Members
Tariff Data (WTO Integrated Database and ITC):• Simple („Tariff-Line-Weighted“) Averages that weigh all scheduled Applied MFN tariff lines
equally – regardless of actual trade volumes
Trade and Tariffs:• HS-Concordance – All EG submissions apply the HS2002 Revision, which currently is only used by
23 Members. The concordance to other Revisions may be imprecise, since many codes have no one-to-one relationship with HS2007 and HS1996 codes.
• Australia, Canada, the EU27, Iceland, Japan, Liechtenstein, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland and the USA are counted as „developed“.
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Number of HS6-Codes per List(HS2002 Revision)
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9 Members (9M): 164 HS6-Codes
Japan (J): 51HS6-Codes
(+2 without codes)Saudi Arabia (S): 262 HS6-Codes
(+1 without HS2002-code)
Philippines (P): 17 HS6-Codes
170 unique HS6
92 duplicates
9M/S
11 triplicates 9M/S/P
5 dupl.9M/P
1 unique HS6
49 unique HS6
65 unique HS6
2 duplicates
9M/J
Universe of EGs: 384 HS6-Codes (HS2002)(+3 entries without HS6-Code from the HS2002 Revision)
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Overlap between Lists(Number of overlapping HS2002-codes at the 6-digit-level)
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Trade Data
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Comparison Merchandise/EG-Trade 2003-2008(in Trillions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Source: UN Comtrade)
Total WTO Exports including EU-Intra-Trade, $14.2 in 2008 (+209%)
Total WTO Exports without EU-Intra-Trade, $10.3 in 2008 (+220%)
WTO EG-Exports including EU-Intra-Trade,
$2.8 in 2008 (+202%)
WTO EG-Exports without EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.0 in 2008 (+202%)
Total WTO Imports including EU-Intra-Trade, $15.1 in 2008 (+213%)
Total WTO Imports without EU-Intra-Trade, $11.4 in 2008 (+223%)
WTO EG-Imports including EU-Intra-Trade,
$2.8 in 2008 (+196%)
WTO EG-Imports without EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.0 in 2008 (+213%)$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
$16
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
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WTO Nominal Trade of EGs 2003-2008(in Trillions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Source: UN Comtrade)
WTO EG-Exports including EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.79 in 2008
$2.53
$2.18
$1.91
$1.70
$1.38
$0.95
$1.19
$1.36
$1.55
$1.80
WTO EG-Exports without EU-Intra-Trade, $2.02 in
2008$1.41
$1.72
$2.21
$2.50
$1.94
WTO EG-Imports including EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.77 in 2008
$1.62
$1.42
$1.24
$1.00
$1.81
WTO EG-Imports without EU-Intra-Trade: $2.03 in
2008
$0.0
$0.5
$1.0
$1.5
$2.0
$2.5
$3.0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
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Share of EGs in WTO Merchandise Trade 2008 (All 4 Lists, Only Members with available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
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WTO Nominal Trade of EGs by List 2003-2008(in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
,
Exports S, $848 (+249%)
Saudi Arabia List
Imports S, $941 (+245%)
,
Exports J, $874 (+181%)
Imports J, $795 (+159%)Japan List
Exports 9M, $652 (+236%)
,
Imports 9M, $627 (+232%)
9 Members List
Exports P, $92 (+306%)
, , $86 (+315%)Philippines List
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Imports P
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Trade Data: Top 15
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Top 15 Shares of EGs in National Merchandise Exports 2008(All 4 Lists, Data of 108 Members available, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
51%
46%
42%
20%
32%
20%
26%
17%
12%
13%
13%
14%
12%
9%
10%
52%
46%
43%
35%
32%
29%
28%
23%
23%
23%
21%
21%
20%
20%
19%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Jamaica
Bolivia
Qatar
Japan
Trinidad and Tobago
Mexico
Norway
Thailand
Europe
Canada
China
Turkey
Rep. of Korea
USA
Malaysia
Other ListsSaudi Arabia list, if largestJapan list, if largest
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Top 15 Shares of EGs in National Merchandise Imports 2008(Compilation List, Data of 108 Members available, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
22%
22%
14%
15%
16%
20%
14%
13%
14%
12%
12%
10%
11%
13%
13%
38%
37%
29%
26%
26%
25%
24%
24%
24%
24%
23%
23%
23%
22%
22%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Qatar
Oman
Nigeria
Ukraine
Iceland
Paraguay
Ghana
Bolivia
Australia
Argentina
Canada
Norway
Ecuador
Morocco
Georgia
Other ListsJapan list, if largestSaudi Arabia list, if largest
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Top 15 WTO Exporters of EGs 2008 (in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
1.EU, $450, 23%
2.China, $305, 15%
3.Japan, $274, 14%4.USA, $254, 13%
5.Canada, $103, 5%
6.Mexico, $86, 4%
7.Rep. of Korea, $82, 4%
8.Hong Kong, $48, 2%
9.Norway, $47, 2%
10.Thailand, $41, 2%
11.Malaysia, $38, 2%
12.Singapore, $38, 2%
13.Chinese Taipei, $31, 2%
14.Turkey, $28, 1%
15.Switzerland, $25, 1%
Others, $169, 8%
1.EU
2.China
3.Japan
4.USA
5.Canada
6.Mexico
7.Rep. of Korea
8.Hong Kong
9.Norway
10.Thailand
11.Malaysia
12.Singapore
13.Chinese Taipei
14.Turkey
15.Switzerland
Others
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Top 15 WTO Importers of EGs 2008(in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
1.USA, $460, 22%
2.EU, $428, 20%
3.China, $164, 8%4.Japan, $125, 6%
5.Canada, $95, 5%
6.Rep. of Korea, $78, 4%
7.Mexico, $61, 3%
8.Hong Kong, $54, 3%
9.Australia, $45, 2%
10.Singapore, $38, 2%
11.Chinese Taipei, $34, 2%
12.Brazil, $33, 2%
13.Switzerland, $32, 2%
14.United Arab Emirates, $32, 2%
15.India, $30, 1%
Others, $321, 16%1.USA
2.EU
3.China
4.Japan
5.Canada
6.Rep. of Korea
7.Mexico
8.Hong Kong
9.Australia
10.Singapore
11.Chinese Taipei
12.Brazil
13.Switzerland
14.United Arab Emirates
15.India
Others
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Top 15 WTO Annual Average Export Growth Rates 2003-2008(All 4 Lists, 94 WTO Members, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
28% ($179 in 2008)
30% ($46,887 in 2008)
30% ($24 in 2008)
31% ($305,093 in 2008)
32% ($1,753 in 2008)
36% ($16,337 in 2008)
36% ($384 in 2008)
37% ($582 in 2008)
40% ($5,211 in 2008)
47% ($95 in 2008)
50% ($3,161 in 2008)
54% ($103 in 2008)
54% ($46 in 2008)
56% ($13 in 2008)
95%; ($6 in 2008)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
1.Malawi
2.Paraguay
3.Zambia
4.Iceland
5.Bolivia
6.Uganda
7.Oman
8.Ecuador
9.Pakistan
10.India
11.Colombia
12.China
13.Albania
14.Norway
15.Peru
Annual Average Growth of Exports (2008Exports in Millions of US$)
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Top 15 WTO Annual Average Import Growth Rates 2003-2008(All 4 Lists, 94 WTO Members, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
28% ($1,184)
28% ($8,197)
29% ($1,504)
29% ($2,659)
29% ($5,235)
29% ($945)
29% ($32,866)
33% ($9.471)
34% ($1,026)
35% ($835)
37% ($29,808)
38% ($13,497)
40% ($2,237)
43% ($805)
43% ($1,139)
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
1.Uruguay
2.Madagascar
3.Paraguay
4.Argentina
5.India
6.Armenia
7.Zambia
8.Morocco
9.Brazil
10.TFYR of Macedonia
11.Pakistan
12.Jordan
13.Kenya
14.Colombia
15.Bolivia
Average Annual Growth of Imports(2008 Imports in Millions of US$)
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Trade Data: Developed / Developing Members
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Exports Developing/Developed Members(in Billions of US$, Compilation List, Only available Member Data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
58%67% 64% 61% 60% 59%
42%
33%
36%39%
40%
41%
$2,019
$1,801
$1,554
$1,357
$1,189
$949
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Developing
Developed
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Exports/Imports 2008 Developing/Developed (All 4 Lists, in Billions of US$, Only available Member data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
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Tariff Data
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Average MFN Tariffs 2009(All 4 Lists, Data Source: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)
12.0%
9.7%
4.2%
1.8%
6.1%
10.7%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Average MFN LDCs -Only Non-Zero Tariffs
(89% of TLs)
Average MFN LDCs - AllTariffs (100% of TLs)
Average MFN Developing- Only Non-Zero Tariffs
(63% of TLs)
Average MFN Developing- All Tariffs (100% of TLs)
Average MFN Developed -Only Non-Zero Tariffs
(42% of TLs)
Average MFN Developed -All Tariffs (100% of TLs)
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Duty-Free Tariff Lines 2009(All 4 Lists, Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)
58%
37%
11%
42%
63%
89%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Developed Developing LDCs
Non-Zero TLs
Duty-Free TLs
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Average MFN Tariffs 2009 by EG List(Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC, TL-Weighted Averages)
18.6%
12.0%
10.6% 10.3%
17.2%
10.7%
9.4%8.7%
16.3%
12.2%
9.3%
5.6%
8.1%
4.9%
8.4%
5.0%
6.2%
3.2%3.8%
1.6%
3.8%
1.6%
3.8%
1.8%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
20.0%
J - Non-ZeroTLs
J - All TLs 9M - Non-Zero TLs
9M - All TLs S - Non-ZeroTLs
S - All TLs P - Non-ZeroTLs
P - All TLs
LDCs
Developing
Developed
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Duty-Free Tariff Lines 2009 by EG List(Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)
8%11% 11%
15%
26%
39% 39%41%
48%
59% 58%54%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
J 9M S P
LDCs
Developing
Developed
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“Universe” of EG SubmissionsTrade and Environment Division
19 April 2010(Update of the presentation delivered on 18 February 2010)