università degli studi di roma «tor vergata»persone nello spazio fisico physical analytics:...

Università degli Studi di Roma «Tor Vergata»

VE

R.1

.0 -

GIU

2014

Physical analytics:

Internet of Things e Data Analytics

per capire/usare il comportamento delle

persone nello spazio fisico

Physical analytics: aspetti applicativi, tecnologie e sfide –

Dr. Ernestina Cianca, Dip. Ing. Elettronica Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 50min

Riconoscimento attività/conteggio persone con segnali WiFi ed LTE –

Dr. Simone di Domenico, Dip. Ing. Elettronica Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 50min

Panoramica sui segnali radio in ambito IoT (cellular IoT , LPWAN) –

Dr. Daniela Valente, ISCOM, 50min

22/06/2018 Seminario presso Istituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni 1

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2

Physical Analytics vs Online Analytics

Getting insights on the users by tracking their

“clicks” in the online world

Getting insights on the users by tracking how the

user moves in the

physical world

22/06/2018 Seminario presso Istituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni

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Internet of Things an essential part of Physical Analytics

“A world where ‘things’ can automatically communicate to computers and each other, providing

services for the benefit of human kind”

Ian Smith (President AIM UK)


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Necessary (BUT NOT SUFFICIENT) condition for IoT:

the availability of SMART OBJECTS, e.g. with computation and communication capabilities

embedded, which are able to connect to Internet-like networks

SMART OBJECTS: objects with an identity, which can be localized, with capability to interact with the

surrounding environment, processing capabilities, interconnected and able to exchange information.



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Smart objects that are connected to perform several functions form a

NETWORK OF THINGS

That is NOT the INTERNET OF THINGS

There are many commercial systems where objects have some level of intelligence and

transmit information; they are usually implemented using

Proprietary technologies, in dedicated and «close» applications

Es.: Sensor to measure the glicemia level, which communicates with a dedicated device,

able to send the information using a dedicated network

WSNs and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communications are an essential part of IoT but

they are not sufficient



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Network of things Internet of things

Is it enough to get the full advantage from IoT paradigm?



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Data Analytics to unlock the True Power of IoT



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8

Technology Roadmap: The Internet of Things



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Physical analytics: Which applications?

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Shopper Analytics

Online analytics vs physical analytics

what kind of products are often discarded somewhere after being picked by the

customers for a while?

customers according to their order of selected goods what type of clothes are

always matched with or tried on together?

which area is the hot area where the manager can place an on-saleproduction.

To infer customer shopping habits, find people

flow that are larger, and place promotional

merchandise in that area,

that is to say, optimize the shop layout,

make smarter marketing strategies,

like adopt bundle-selling strategies to

boost profit.

P.S. Now customer analysis process merely utilizes the sales history, which only reveals the

hot items and related products.


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Healthcare and elderly people Monitoring

There is a correlation between physical activity and overweight, obesity and

metabolism-related syndromes and also neurological and psychiatric

patologies

Activity recognition systems 22/06/2018

Seminario presso Istituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni 10


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Security/Safety

Understanding crowd behavior, flow….emotions

to control the situation is an area of emerging interest



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13

Physical analytics: which technologies?

Traditional Approach: video-camera and image processing algorithms

Light conditions

Not Through the Wall (TTW)

Privacy concerns

Need to deploy many devices to

cover a big area (not 360 degrees

of view)

Expensive devices and

high computational complexity


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14

What about using Radio Frequency Signals?


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Device-Based RF-Sensing

15

Examples:

if the user carry a smartphone, an estimation of the people

in a given area could be done by counting the number of

person that are connected to a given access point

or by passively detecting the RF signal transmitted by a

smartphone (signalling with the BS)

wearing an RFID tag, my movements can be tracked inside an area equipped with readers



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Device Free RF-Sensing

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Radar approach

Direct signal

UWB transmitters

active

passive



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17

RF-based PASSIVE Device-Free sensing

Localization/tracking,

gesture/activity/emotion recognition,

crowdcounting/flow monitoring



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Physical principle

18

Measure how the presence and activity of a person CHANGES the propagation environment of an RF

signal.

Rx Tx

tfjtN

n

n

tj

ncn ettuettr

2)(

0

)())(()(Re)(

Number of multipath components

),( tc)(tx

Time-varying multipath

propagation channel


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RF-based PASSIVE Device-Free sensing

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Hectic research area…..

Most of works use WiFi access points

Initial works was based on Received Signal Strenght Indication (RSSI) measurements

Now most of works use the more “granular” measurements of the signal such as Channel Side

Information (CSI), which characterizes the Channel Frequency Response

So far:

Fine-grained movements (e.g., gesture and lip language)

Keystrokes

Drawings

Gait patterns

Vital signals (e.g., breathing rate)

Many working prototypes…...few commercial systems yet……many challenges to be

faced…..



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Riconoscimento attività/conteggio persone con segnali

WiFi ed LTE –

Dr. Simone di Domenico, Dip. Ing. Elettronica Università di Roma Tor Vergata,

50min

Panoramica sui segnali radio in ambito IoT (cellular IoT , LPWAN) –

Dr. Daniela Valente, ISCOM, 50min

Conclusioni – Ernestina Cianca


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21

Physical analytics was used as an “excuse” to present some trends in the evolution of

the IoT paradigm and communication systems.

New technologies have been developed that strongly extend the potential

applications and further development of IoT as they allow to collect data from

remote (and difficult environments) sensors, outdoor and long range applications

They could play an important role on tracking people and objects in the real world,

also outdoor (LoRA based localization, application to track mountain-bikers)

They also ease the deployment of infrastructure-based sensing systems as they

contributes to lower the deployment cost

Conclusions


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22

Communication is essential for sensing purposes

But sensing can be done using “radios” transmitters

The future communication network (5G) means, among other things, to have in one

environment different communication technologies (and also different radio signals)

deployed for communication purposes…to allow sensors to collected and transmit

data

What is the same infrastructure could be also used for collecting data?

Data that could be used by the same network operator to perform location-

aware/context aware communications

Raw data that could be made available to third parties for providing new services?

Or knowledge acquired by these data that could be sold as a service to third

party….

Conclusions


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Device-to-device comm 5G

native to provide

both comm

services

GNSS-based, cellular-based

localization, device-free

sensing

Sensor-based

localization/sensing

5G

Native to provide

comm/localization/sens

ing services

What if….

Localization, together with analytics, and their combined provision “as a service”, would

greatly increase the overall value of the 5G ecosystem, allowing network operators to better

manage their networks and to dramatically expand the range of offered applications and

services.


Conclusions

università degli studi di roma «tor vergata»persone nello spazio fisico physical analytics:...

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