University Of Illinois at Chicago

Jacob Nelson-Mernard Landicho-Agnieszka Kuruc – Zoe Lemon

Police Use of Force

-Adverse Effects of Social Media-Stigma

-Demographics Issues-Legitimacy Issues-Community Policing-Race-Based Assumptions

Abysmal Disconnect

●Race Gap●The percentage points of White officers is 30 percent higher than

minorities in the community they serve.●Chicago (1970-2000 Lawsuits) Cicero●Baltimore (Reversed Representation)●Cleveland-Ferguson (2/3 African American, but

underrepresented in the Municipal Police Departments)

Demographic Issues

●Community Policing●Community Policing strategies usually included administrative decentralization to

increase police department’s responsiveness, problem-solving orientation, and improving community-police relationships by tackling non-violent crimes(Riccio, et al.,1).

●Increased Geographic Coverage●Empowering Communities●Partnership and Collaboration

●Legitimacy Issues●Does Race Matter?●Brunson and Gau’s Study of East St. Louis

●Race Doesn’t Matter but the Service does.●Lagged 911 Response●Lack of Police Presence●Corruption

☞Sexual Abuse, Drug Abuse, Solicitation, On-Off Duty Misconduct

Community Policing and Legitimacy Issues

●UCLA: 99.98% paid by governments●What does this cost big cities?

●NYC-$348 million, 2006-2011●Average $69m/year

●LA-$101 million, 2002-2011●Average $10.1m/year

●Chicago- $521 million, 2003-2014●Average $47.4m/year

Cost of police misconduct

-Use of Military weapons, gear, tactics etc- also includes excessive force

SWAT was formed in in LA after the riots Caught on is most major cities and most all major police departments have one

- Suppress urban crime

Police Militarization

- 1003 Program- DLA or the Defense Logistics Agency is a department within the

Department of Defense- - they help fund and provide surplus goods which include tanks, guns, grenades, armor etc

- -this is to provide anti drug and anti terrorism protection-Has given more than $4.3 billion worth of military weaponry to local or state police officers

Where do they get the equipment?

● Ashkenas, Jeremy, and Haeyoun Park. "The Race Gap in America’s Police Departments." The New York Times. The New York Times, 2 Sept. 2014. Web. 1 Aug. 2015. <http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/09/03/us/the-race-gap-in-americas-police-departments.html?_r=0>.

● Brunson, Rod K., and Jacinta M. Gau. "Officer Race Versus Macro-Level Context: A Test of Competing Hypothesis About Black Citizens' Experiences With and Perceptions of Black Police Officers." SagePub Crime & Delinquency. SAGE Publications, 2015. Web. 1 Aug. 2015.

● Eith, Christine, and Matthew R. Durose. "Contacts between Police and the Public, 2008." Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). 1 Oct. 2011. Web. 1 Aug. 2015. <http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2229>.

● Hickman, Ph.D., Matthew J. "Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)." Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). 1 June 2006. Web. 1 Aug. 2015. <http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=553>.

● Jacobsen, Shannon K. "Policing the Ivory Tower: Student's Perceptions of the Legitimacy of Campus Police Officers." Deviant Behavior. Routledge, 12 Dec. 2014. Web. 1 Aug. 2015.

● Lurigio, Arthur J., and Wesley G. Skogan. "Winning the Hearts and Minds of Police Officers: An Assessment of Staff Perceptions of Community Policing in Chicago." SagePub. SAGE Publications, 3 July 1994. Web. 1 Aug. 2015.

● Reaves, Ph.D, Brian A. "Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)." Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). 1 May 2015. Web. 1 Aug. 2015. <http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=5279>.

● Riccio, Vicente, Marco Ruediger, Steven Ross, and Wesley Skogan. "Community Policing in the Favelas of Rio De Janeiro." Police Practice and Research: An International Journal. Routledge, 2013. Web. 1 Aug. 2015.

● http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/08/america-police-military-swat-ferguson-westcott-tampa

Works Cited