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  • 8/6/2019 University of Illinois GSLIS Social Media Development Plan

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    Social Media Development

    Plan for GSLIS

    Communications and

    AdvancementGraduate School of Library and Information SciencePublic and

    Media Relations, Communications, and Alumni Departments

    Genifer Snipes

    LIS590 Strategic Information Management

    Date: 12/15/2010

    Version: 2.0

    To assess the current usage of social media technology by the Graduate School of Library and

    Information Science departments of Public Relations, Communications, and Alumni and Advancement

    with the goal of increasing these tool's effectiveness and efficiency through technological changes,

    education, and policy development.

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    ContentsSection 1: Project Plan and Overview .......................................................................................................... 4

    1.1 Project Plan ................................................................................................................................... 4

    Project Contact: .................................................................................................................................... 4

    1.2 Project Objectives and Research Approach ..................................................................................... 4

    Project Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 4

    Research Approach ............................................................................................................................... 5

    Section 2: Organization Overview ................................................................................................................ 5

    2.1 Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS) .......................................................... 5

    GSLIS Goals ............................................................................................................................................ 5

    2.2 Communications and Public Relations Department Profile ............................................................. 6

    2.3 Advancement and Alumni Department Profile ................................................................................ 6Section 3: Goal for Social Media Usage at GSLIS ......................................................................................... 7

    3.1 Increase awareness and interaction between GSLIS and the community ....................................... 7

    3.2 Why Social Media? ........................................................................................................................... 8

    3.3 Overview of current environment ................................................................................................. 10

    Section 4: General Recommendations........................................................................................................ 10

    Develop a GSLIS Social Media Policy ....................................................................................................... 10

    Address Branding Issues ......................................................................................................................... 11

    Increase interconnectivity of accounts ................................................................................................... 12

    Adopt a social media client(s) ................................................................................................................. 12

    Section 5: Social Media Portfolio Analysis ................................................................................................. 14

    5.1 Twitter ............................................................................................................................................ 14

    Personality and Demographics ........................................................................................................... 14

    GSLIS Twitter Usage profile ................................................................................................................. 15

    Desired Outcome of Use ..................................................................................................................... 16

    Analysis and Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 16

    5.2 Facebook ........................................................................................................................................ 19

    Personality and Demographics ........................................................................................................... 20

    GSLIS Facebook Usage Profile ............................................................................................................. 20

    Desired Outcome of Use ..................................................................................................................... 21

    Analysis and Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 22

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    5.3 Flickr ............................................................................................................................................... 23

    Personality and Demographics ........................................................................................................... 24

    GSLIS Flickr Usage Profile .................................................................................................................... 24

    Desired Outcome of Use ..................................................................................................................... 24

    Analysis and Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 25

    5.4 LinkedIn .......................................................................................................................................... 26

    Personality and Demographics ........................................................................................................... 26

    GSLIS LinkedIn Usage Profile ............................................................................................................... 27

    Analysis and Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 27

    Section 6: Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 28

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    Section 1: Project Plan and Overview

    1.1 Project PlanOrganization:Graduate School of Library and Information SciencePublic and Media Relations,

    Communications, and Alumni Departments

    Project Time-frame: August 25, 2010 December 21, 2010

    Project Contact:

    Genifer Snipes

    This project has been developed by Genifer Snipes as part of her Strategic Information Management

    class. Ms. Snipes is a first year masters degree candidate at the Graduate School of Information Science

    at UIUC. Prior to beginning her graduate studies, Genifer earned a Bachelor of Arts in History at Centre

    College in Danville, Kentucky. Her background is in technical services for educational institutions and

    veterinary medical administrative support. Her studies at GSLIS include online research, social media,

    knowledge management, and information and communication systems.

    Phone Number: (360) 509-8379

    Email:[email protected]

    Twitter: @GeniferAnne

    1.2 Project Objectives and Research Approach

    Project Objectives

    This projects primary purpose is to analyze the social media tools and practices in use at the Graduate

    School of Library and Information Sciences Communication, Public Relations, Alumni, and Advancement

    departments for their current effectiveness and efficiency.

    Secondary goals will be to:

    1. examine employee concerns regarding how social media will affect their job expectations2. identify current policies and attitudes related to social media usage within the GSLIS departments3. identify privacy and internal security challenges posed by various social media tools4. recommend methods of managing social media communication within GSLIS

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]
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    Research Approach

    1. Examine GSLIS website and all major social media outlets to create a comprehensive profile ofsocial media currently in use including ownership, history, and current policy toward each

    tool.

    2. Interview departmental staff for information regarding social media usage, ownership of accounts,goals, and concerns regarding privacy

    3. Survey current social media, technology, and business publications for current thinking on socialmedia in business communications and the workplace

    4. Identify and describe critical dependencies of social media usage such as legal or ethicalrestrictions as well as privacy and information security concerns.

    5. Based on findings, offer recommendations regarding ways to maximize effectiveness ofcurrentsocial media tools in the concerned departments while protecting the privacy of all concerned

    partiesboth within GSLIS and external entities

    Section 2: Organization Overview

    2.1 Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS)

    According to the GSLIS website:

    The University of Illinois Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS) isrecognized as a premier institution, consistently named the top LIS school in the nation. GSLIS

    has earned its reputation by creating pioneering and innovative educational opportunities,

    including the oldest extant LIS doctoral program in the country (1948), our award-winning online

    education program, LEEP (1996), and an advanced degree in digital libraries (2005).

    Today, GSLIS is a charter member of the iSchools Project, a community of schools

    interested in the relationship between information, technology, and people and committed to

    increasing the visibility of the field of library and information science. Founded in 1893, GSLIS

    helped establish and develop the methods used in the field of LIS. Today we continue this

    tradition by translating the core principles of library scienceinformation organization, access,

    use, and preservationto meet the needs of our information society. This natural integration of

    library science and information science allows for opportunities to enhance and strengthenlearning, teaching, and research: at GSLIS, we understand that fluency with current technologies

    is important to all information professionals, from librarians, archivists, and museum curators to

    information architects, Web developers, and data managers. (School Overview)

    GSLIS Goals

    The stated mission of the Graduate School of Library and Information Science is to provide:

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    Graduate education for leaders in research and practice in the fields of library and information

    science

    Groundbreaking research to advance preservation of and access to information in both traditional

    and digital libraries and in the many settings outside of libraries where large amounts of critical

    information are collected;

    Useful service to librarians and other information service providers, as well as to the citizens of

    Illinois. (Graduate School of Library and Information Science, 2006)

    2.2 Communications and Public Relations Department Profile

    The GSLIS Communications and Public Relations department (referred to as Communications for brevity)

    serve as the School's strategic communications and marketing unit. Its activities center around

    advancing the mission of the School through print and electronic media and the GSLIS website. In

    addition to preparing promotional materials and newsletters for GSLIS, the office produces two high-

    quality publications, Library Trends and The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books. The

    Communications and Public Relations department, which manages GSLISs current social media

    portfolio, is staffed by Cindy Ashwill, Kim Schmidt, and two ten-hour graduate assistants. During an

    interview with Ms. Ashwill and Ms. Schmidt, they indicated that their current structure for disseminating

    information via social media is that any GSLIS entityfaculty, Alumni, student group, etc.can submit

    information and Ms. Schmidt will push it out to the community via Twitter, and if requested, Facebook.

    (Ashwill, 2010; Schmidt, 2010)

    2.3 Advancement and Alumni Department Profile

    The Office of Advancement and Alumni, headed by Diana Stroud, the Assistant Dean of Advancement

    and Alumni Relations, serves the needs of GSLIS alumni, students, faculty, and friends by enabling GSLIS

    to maintain its tradition of academic excellence through partnerships with alumni that maintain and

    establish scholarships, fellowships, endowed chairs, professorships, faculty research, centers, and

    building spaces. In addition to fundraising responsibilities, the Office of Advancement also seeks to

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    support the educational and career goals of GSLIS alumni by facilitating continuing education classes,

    regional alumni groups, and networking programs across the country and around the globe. (Office of

    Advancement) Currently, Advancement is not responsible for any of the GSLIS social media platforms.

    Rather, they feed information to the Communications department for dissemination (Stroud, 2010)

    Section 3: Goal for Social Media Usage at GSLIS

    3.1 Increase awareness and interaction between GSLIS and the community

    One of the most frequently hoped-for outcomes ofincreasing GSLISs social media presence mentioned

    during project interviews is to increase interaction within the GSLIS community and expand that

    community. In this endeavor, GSLIS is not alonecurrent studies indicate that this is the primary

    motivation for social media presence among all U.S. companies. (eMarketer, 2010) In the process of

    creating this greater community, it is hoped that GSLIS will be able to position itself as a premier voice

    for the library and information science community on social media. (Ashwill, 2010; Stroud, 2010)

    Specific goals articulated included:

    disseminate GSLIS and LIS news

    keep alums updated with what their school and classmates are doing

    profile alum accomplishments

    Make alum-fueled outreach towards GSLIS more common and easier

    Provide connections between GSLIS alumni and current students to facilitate job placement and

    networking opportunities

    draw LEEP students into the GSLIS community

    Link GSLIS to other UIUC departments, and the greater University of Illinois, and state of Illinois

    communities

    provide commentary on current events relating to the LIS field, such as Twitter, censorship, or digital

    libraries

    Encourage greater interaction between Advancement and current students so that their educational

    and career goals can be better supported

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    Recruit new students into LIS program

    Provide greater support for employment-seeking among GSLIS alums

    3.2 Why Social Media?

    Social media has evolved into the ubiquitous method of communication for todays society which means

    engaging in social media communication is a necessity for any organization that values name-

    recognition, community building, or technological innovation. Their network reach is unprecedented in

    communications historyTwitter alone has over one hundred million users with another three hundred

    thousand signing up every day, while Facebook touts five hundred million active users, which, in terms

    of population, makes it the third largest country in the world. (Huffington Post, 2010; Qualman, 2009) As

    such, engaging in the social media community allows both individuals and organizations to communicate

    on a regular basis across a wider spectrum than is possible using traditional communication methods

    such as email or telephone communication. Further, there is significant evidence that social media will

    displace some current communication tools in the near future. For example, a representative of

    technology research firm Gartner Inc., has predicted that by 2014, 20 percent of domestic employees

    will use social networks rather than e-mail as their main business communications hub. (Green, 2010;

    Kurtz, 2009) As such, the benefits and necessity of GSLIS's engagement in the online social community

    are evident.

    As an educational entity seeking to recruit promising new students, GSLIS must be active on social media

    if it intends to reach current undergraduates and young adults in the workforce since 83 percent of

    college students use Facebook and 21 percent use LinkedIn for communication. (eROI, 2010) Of course,

    countless variations of these statistics have been published in recent years; however, what is less

    commonly understood is the popularity of social media across demographics other than college-age

    students. In 2009, the fastest growing user groups on Facebook were the 35-54 and 55+ age ranges,

    which grew by 321% and 923% respectively. (Corbett, 2009) This means that social media will also be an

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    excellent tool for Advancement to reach out to our older alums and draw them into conversation with

    the school and current students. It will also aid in GSLISs goal of positioning its alums in influential

    positions in the LIS industry since 80% of American employers now report that they have adopted the

    business-only social network LinkedIn as their primary recruitment tool. (Qualman, 2009)

    This is not to say that engaging in social media communication is without its pitfalls. As indicated by

    recent news headlines (Privacy Disaster At Twitter: Direct Messages ExposedTechCrunch, 2008;

    Facebook's New Messaging Plan Worries Some Privacy AdvocatesInvestors Business Daily, 2010;As

    Social Media Sites Mature, New Privacy Concerns EmergeInformation Management, 2010),

    information privacy continues to be a primary concern among individuals and organizations engaging in

    social communication. Businesses and educational entities are especially conflicted in their attitudes

    toward social communication simply because there it so little legal or trade precedent in how to deal

    with platforms like Facebook which allow usersintentionally or unintentionallyto expose the most

    intimate details of their personal lives. In this rapidly changing environment of platform privacy policy

    changes, legal challenges, and marketing experimentation, social media policies are often developed in

    the wake of lawsuits, public relations disasters, or protests and tend towards over-restrictiveness as a

    form of organizational self-protection. (Arrington, 2008; Howell, 2010; Trembly, 2010)

    Other concerns cited regarding plans to expand GSLISs social media outreach campaign are of an

    internal nature. The two departments addressed in this analysis are comprised of four full-time staff

    and three to four part-time workers, all of whom are dedicated to other responsibility. (Schmidt, 2010)

    There is no current staff or funding available for a dedicated social media manager or program, which

    means any expansion of outreach must be done in addition to employees primary duties and without

    access to paid social management tools.

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    3.3 Overview of current environment

    GSLIS currently supports at least one account on four of the top social media platforms. These platforms

    are: Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Flickr. The accounts on these four platforms represent the

    absolute minimum presence necessary for GSLIS to present an adequate social media presence in the

    digital community. Activity levels within each platform vary based on ownership of the account within

    GLSIS, staff understanding of each platforms purpose, and security or privacy concerns attached to

    particular platforms.

    All official social media activity is initiated from the Communications Department

    The main social media platform is Twitter, with Facebook in second place. The Flickr account is

    currently unpublicized and the LinkedIn group is completely unsupported within GSLIS.

    Activity across the active platforms is dominated by top-down re-broadcasting of GSLIS news

    headlines developed for the main webpage and RSS feed.

    Section 4: General RecommendationsEffort has been made to develop recommendations that may be implemented over time and do not

    require a significant time commitment from GSLIS staff members to enact. It is expected that all of the

    recommendations made in this report could be carried out within the next six to twelve months to give

    GSLIS a significantly more robust portfolio of social media channels and a growing voice in the digital LIS

    community. In the following sections of this project, methods of improving GSLIS social media usage in

    general will be offered, followed by a platform-by-platform analysis of the social media accounts

    currently used or owned by the Graduate School and specific recommendations as to ways each of these

    accounts could be better utilized.

    Develop a GSLIS Social Media Policy

    Currently, GSLIS does not have a social media policy underlying its activities, however, as trends in both

    higher education and the business world indicate, methods of guiding and controlling the social message

    created by professional entities must be developed. Whatever policy is developed should be reflective

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    ofthe Universitys public relations policies, and integrated intoGSLISs Strategic Plan and

    communications policies so that social outreach can grow along with the organization. This will require

    collaboration between all communications-related departments (e.g. Career Services, Public Relations,

    front desk, etc.), IT, University legal, and upper administration to develop. (eMarketer, 2010) That said,

    research conducted during this project has determined that the GSLIS social media outlets will need

    significant modification to come into compliance with University branding policy as will be outlined

    below.

    Address Branding Issues

    Although the University of Illinois does not have a specific social media policy, the Public Affairs office

    has developed a series of social media Best Practices, most of which are echoed in this paper. However,

    there are several compliance issues that must be addressed in relation to the branding section.

    (University of Illinois Public Affairs)

    1. Do not use UIUC in the name of your feed or account or in your content (University of IllinoisPublic Affairs)

    a. Although the Campus Administrative Policy (updated Feb 25, 2010) does not appear tospecifically prohibit this abbreviation, the University Style Guide interprets it as such.

    (Associate Chancellor for Public Affairs, 2010) (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

    b. UIUC appears in every social media account owned by GSLIS. Whether this restriction isserious enough that the University might consider forcing non-compliant accounts to close

    must be determined in collaboration with Public Affairsthere is little point in expanding

    the community of accounts that will be forced to close in the future.

    c. Some account names or URLs may be modifiable, others may not. This should be examinedto allow pre-emptive changes.

    d. Descriptions across all accounts should be modified to comply with University policy

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    2. Dont create logos to represent campus units - refer to your unit with text and use the Illinois logo.(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

    a. Currently, GSLIS uses customized departmental logos or other images across all four socialmedia platforms. This must be adjusted to comply with policy and to create uniformity

    across accounts.

    3. Account descriptions should be standardized so that visitors will automatically make connectionsbetween the different platforms they visit.

    Increase interconnectivity of accounts

    From GSLIS websiteo Main page has small, dedicated icon links to Twitter and Facebook in lower left-hand corner

    Size of icons should be increased and re-located to top half of page for increasedvisibility

    Add LinkedIn and RSS feed subscription iconso Home About GSLIS Contact Information has no links to social media

    All accounts should be visible here with a short description of each accountspurpose in GSLISs communication plan (i.e. Join our professional network on

    LinkedIn)

    o Add Facebook like, LinkedIn share, and Twitter re-tweet buttons to news items Promote GSLIS social media accounts in the footer of official GSLIS broadcast emails Ensure URLs are cross-posted between social media platforms

    Adopt a social media client(s)

    A social media client is a third-party application designed to streamline and customize a users

    interactions with social media. Most of these tools were originally designed to deal with the high

    volume of tweets received by power Twitterers and have since evolved to allow users to manage other

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    popular social media accounts in addition to Twitter. Since the purpose of this project is to increase

    GSLISs social media footprint, it is reasonable to expect that there will be an increased time

    commitment required; however, adopting a social media client will help keep this commitment under

    control. The two leading clients that fit the needs this project has identified are:

    1. Hootsuite (http://hootsuite.com/)2. Tweetdeck (http://www.tweetdeck.com/)

    Requirements for consideration:

    1. Free Since one of the goals of this project was to develop ways to maximize social media

    utilization while minimizing financial outlays, the only clients considered for

    recommendation were those with robust free versions. Although this means there will be

    advertising integrated into the platform, the lack of price will be an adequate trade-off.

    2. Universal functionality The client must work with all conversation-based social platforms currently in use. (Flickr,

    being a media sharing platform, is not included) (Bale, 2010)

    3. Hardware interoperability including mobile Due to the wide variety of hardware or operating systems through which staff might be

    interacting with the client, priority was given to platforms with the widest range of access.

    (Sridhar, Top 5 Best Twitter Apps For iPhone, 2010)

    4. Expandable to accommodate multiple accounts on a single platform5. Allow scheduling of posts (avoids no-post evenings and weekends) (Sridhar, 4 Best Twitter Tools

    For Scheduling Your Tweets, 2010)

    6. Ability to track activity related to GSLIS on social mediaa. Twitter mentions, #gslisuihashtag appearances, new followers, etc.b. Save searches for LIS-related keywords. (Israel, 2009)c. Allows monitoring for replies and conversation occurring across accounts

    http://hootsuite.com/http://hootsuite.com/http://hootsuite.com/http://www.tweetdeck.com/http://www.tweetdeck.com/http://www.tweetdeck.com/http://www.tweetdeck.com/http://hootsuite.com/
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    Section 5: Social Media Portfolio Analysis

    5.1 Twitter

    Twitter is a microblogging platform that allows users or tweeps to publish 140 character posts

    or Twitterer containing text or web links to the Twitter stream. These tweets then become part of a

    borderless stream of conversation for other users to search for or stumble across. This searchable

    conversation stream allows users to locate people or organizations with shared interests whom they can

    then follow to receive updates about their thoughts and activities. In many cases, once you have

    followed a Twitter user, they will follow back. In addition to following a Twitter users Tweets, you can

    also re-tweet their content, which is something like a newspaper re-publishing AP or Reuters content

    through their own publication and is considered an appropriate method of sharing especially pertinent

    or interesting tweets, reply to tweets, or send private Direct Messages to specific users. (Shepherd,

    2009; Twitter 101; Twitter Glossary)

    Twitter has suffered privacy breaches in the past; however, these have usually been the

    responsibility of third-party applications. (Arrington, 2008) The privacy policy itself is, as Twitter COO

    Dick Costolo once stated, very simple: You can have a protected account, or not. If not, everything is

    public. (Schonfeld, 2010) This basic formula, paired with the straightforward user-interface (UI) and

    stated goal of public conversation has remained unchanged since Twitter went public, which has

    allowed the platform to avoid the privacy complexities and controversies that have dogged Facebook.

    Personality and Demographics

    Twitter is sometimes dismissed as a place for self-involved egotists to post details of their personal lives

    like Shall go shower and eat my brunch then remove my nail polish plus cut finger nails. (Siaqinyi,

    2010) However, it is rapidly becoming one of the foremost marketing tools on the web. (Hernandez,

    2010) In part, this is because, although Twitters stated purpose is to inform the community what you

    are doing at any given moment, organizations using Twitter as a networking and outreach tool have

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    discovered the value ofasking and answering the questions: What are you thinking about? or What is

    interesting to you? as a method of fostering conversation. (Shepherd, 2009) It is also designed to be a

    tool for free-form conversation, or Social Listening, in which Twitterers can monitor keyword usage in

    the Twitter stream to locate conversations related to their interests, into which they can contribute

    useful information, in the process boosting their own social reputation. (Israel, 2009, p. 50)

    Although Twitter has a significantly smaller user group than Facebook, it is one of the quickest

    growing of all platforms. In 2008, it was estimated that Twitter added users at a rate of 1,000 percent.

    (Shepherd, 2009) In the United States, this means that roughly six percent of American adults are also

    Twitter users. Interestingly, the demographics of Twitterers have proven to be as diverse as the

    conversations on it. Twitterers as a population are young, urban, or suburban, adults with at least some

    college education. Further, over two-thirds of Twitterers belong to a racial minority. (Smith, 2010)

    GSLIS Twitter Usage profile

    Currently GSLIS has one active Twitter account.

    @GSLIS: UIUC GSLIS

    o Manager: Kim Schmidto Created: 4 Dec, 2008o Followers: 634o Following: 238o URL:http://twitter.com/#!/gslis

    @Twitter Search Results

    o GSLIS: appears #1 on People searcho Frequency of tweets ensures GSLIS stays visible in Tweet searches

    Current Statuso @GSLIS is currently used as a broadcast channel to disseminate headlines and events posted

    on the GSLIS webpage along with some unique content.

    o Avg. frequency of Tweets: 25 per month (TweetStats)@GSLISAdvancemnt: GSLIS UIUC Alumni

    This account is currently unsupported and therefore has no usage policy or activity

    http://twitter.com/#!/gslishttp://twitter.com/#!/gslishttp://twitter.com/#!/gslishttp://twitter.com/#!/gslis
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    o Manager: Patty Groveo Created: 12 Jun, 2009o Followers: 107o Following: 17o URL:http://twitter.com/#!/GSLISadvancemnt

    @Twitter Search Results

    o GSLIS: @GSLISadvancemnt appears #6 on People search#gslisui Hashtag

    o Hashtag was developed by Communications department to co-locate student conversationsrelated to GSLIS within the Twitter stream.

    o Having a unique hashtag works well since #gslisuiis a unique label that would not developrandomly in relation to a different topic.

    o Twitter widget on GSLIS homepage displays most recent #gslisui tweets so thatchatter can be viewed without going to Twitter webpage.

    Desired Outcome of Use

    Foster interaction within the GSLIS community, across the external LIS community and to the

    public at large.

    increase external value of @GSLIS feed by encouraging networking and dissemination of LIS

    news to @GSLIS followers. (Ashwill, 2010; Schmidt, 2010; Stroud, 2010)

    Analysis and Recommendations

    Currently, Twitter usage within GSLIS is limited to one account and two or three individuals contributing

    to the account during their work hours.

    @GSLIS account

    As stated by Communications, activity is limited to broadcasting of predominately internal news and

    two-way conversation is virtually non-existent. As such, @GSLIS is restricted from becoming an

    influential voice for LIS on Twitter since it is not seen as a source of responses. Further, activity on

    @GSLIS is limited to working hours, which will lower the accounts visibility during non-peak hours. That

    said, the number of Tweets is sufficient to maintain prominence in search results and the content of

    Tweets published via @GSLIS is of consistently high quality.

    http://twitter.com/#!/GSLISadvancemnthttp://twitter.com/#!/GSLISadvancemnthttp://twitter.com/#!/GSLISadvancemnthttp://twitter.com/#!/GSLISadvancemnt
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    Increase visibility of Twitter account from main GSLS websitea. Change location and increase size of Twitter button on GSLIS main page (currently tiny icon

    in lower left-hand corner of page and only on front page)

    b. Add Follow button to the GSLIS Contact page.c. Add dedicated Retweet button to newsroom items in addition to current multi-tool Add To

    Any button

    Keep @GSLIS feed updated with the activities of influential LIS Twitterers.a. Use Twitter lists to create a curated list of LIS tweeters so their posts can be reviewed

    without sorting through all tweets in the stream and valuable tweets can then be re-

    tweeted.

    Develop Following policya. There is ongoing debate in the social media community over whether a business entity is

    obligated, based on traditional Twitter netiquette, to follow everyone who follows them or

    if, by being selective as to who they follow, they raise the value of their Twitter presence by

    offering unique insights and connections. (eMarketer, 2010; Joel, 2010) Because part of

    GSLIS goal in utilizing social media is to position itself as an LIS influencer, it would be best

    to adopt a policy of selective following to ensure that the content being pushed to our

    followers is only of the highest quality. Selective following will increase the quality of

    content on GSLISs Twitter feed and limit the volume of information for GSLIS staff to

    review.

    b. Recommendations for following and listing: GSLIS students (look at @uiucundergrad, the Twitter account for the Undergraduate

    Library, which maintains a public list of UIUC alums and students for an example)

    GSLIS alumni GSLIS faculty & staff GSLIS student organizations Select UIUC accounts (Computer Science, Career Services, Business School, etc.) GSLIS-affiliated companies

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    LIS organizations (AACR, ALA, ASIS&T, etc.) Influential individuals in LIS field Advancement Donors

    Make use of Twitter Listsa. Twitter allows users to sort the accounts it follows into lists, which can be public or private,

    and display only the tweets of those accounts. The use of lists would allow GSLIS and those

    viewing the account to differentiate between industry, affiliate, event, or student Twitter

    users. Public lists would allow GSLIS affiliates and alum to find each other, which would be

    especially useful for new students looking to set up their on-campus twitter contacts.

    Further, these curated lists would guide Twitterers to the sources GSLIS recognizes as

    valuable or authoritative, allowing the school to shape the conversation.

    b. It is recommended that private lists be utilized to allow Advancement to co-locate followerswhose identities might qualify as "trade secrets, namely corporate affiliates and donors,

    without publicizing their significance.

    @GSLISadvancmnt

    Determine whether a dedicated Twitter account fills a specific role in departmental goals andwhether staff has time available to commit to Twitter usage.

    o As is, media can be delegated to the main @GSLIS feed for dissemination. If the current modelacceptable to all parties, and the Advancement department does not foresee increasing their

    interactions on this channel in the future, it is recommended that the @GSLSAdvancement

    account be closed to decrease confusion in search return and distract from the main @GSLIS

    account. There are third-party tools that allow multiple users to Tweet from a single account,

    which means eliminating @GSLISadvancemnt will not preclude Advancement staff from

    engaging in social media on their departments behalfit will merely concentrate interactions

    through one channel.

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    If account will be retained, edit description to clarify target audience and type of information thatwill be tweeted about.

    #gslisui Hashtag

    Q: #gslisui conversation content that appears through website widget is not monitored for

    content. Is there a way to censor those tweets if, in the future, objectionable content appears?

    (Ashwill, 2010; Schmidt, 2010)

    A: No. It is possible to block users from following or messaging an @Twitter account buthashtags are user-driven and therefore, content cannot be controlled.

    Push #gslisui hashtag usagea. Move Twitter widget higher on the GSLIS homepage to increase visibility of feed.b. Use hashtag in all @GSLIS tweetsc. Retweet tweets using #gslisui

    5.2 Facebook

    Of all current social media platforms, Facebook is the largest and most influential, and the most

    controversial. (Sutter, 2010) Facebooks U.S. user base grew from 42 million to 103 million in 2009 a

    145% growth rate; however, the global population of Facebook is even more impressive. (Corbett,

    iStrategy Labs, 2010) With over 500 million active users, if it were a country, Facebook would rank as

    the third largest in the worldan unprecedented accomplishment in the digital age. (Central

    Intelligence Agency, 2010)It is used by an international population of all ages for professional and

    personal interaction as well as community building through public Pages and Groups that provide users

    a central location to meet and talk or post about shared interests. In 2007, CEO Mark Zuckerberg

    described the purpose of Facebook:

    Our whole theory is that people have real connections in the world. People communicate most

    naturally and effectively with their friends and the people around them. What we figured is that

    if we could model what those connections were, [we could] provide that information to a set of

    applications through which people want to share information, photos or videos or events. But

    that only works if those relationships are real. That's a really big difference between Facebook

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    and a lot of other sites. We're not thinking about ourselves as a community we're not trying

    to build a community we're not trying to make new connections. (Locke, 2007)

    At its inception, Facebook was designed as a private community within which college students could

    socialize. Over time, the network was opened to more user groups until it became accessible to anyone

    with an account. As Facebook has become more open, personal users have been faced with the issue of

    friending those they know only through professional channels, resulting in a loss of privacy and work-

    home separation many individuals are uncomfortable with. (Smith C. , 2010) Further, Facebook has

    been dogged by a long list of privacy breaches, the most recent of which was the selling of personal

    information to advertising companies by third-party developers. (Beaumont, 2010)

    Personality and DemographicsMany Facebook users joined the platform because it offered a fast and streamline way to communicate

    with friends and family and to other individuals who share common interests in Facebook communities.

    With an integrated chat client, photo albums, blogging (Notes) functionality, event planning features,

    and the ability to customize personal profiles to match the users personality, Facebook is often seen as

    an extension of the users real-world life. The demographics of Facebook users generally reflects that

    that found on other social toolsage distribution is weighted toward the 18-34 demographic; however,

    the 35+ demographic represents more 40 percent of the entire user base with the 55+ group growing by

    922.7 percent in 2009. (Corbett, iStrategy Labs, 2010; Kiser, 2010; Corbett, 2009) Users are usually

    Caucasian or African-American, female and likely to have minor children. (Quantcast, 2010)

    GSLIS Facebook Usage Profile

    There is an active GSLIS Facebook group; however, the landscape is complicated by the existence of a

    Community page and an unofficial user-created fan group.

    GSLIS UIUC Alumni and Friends

    Admin: Patty Grove Created: June 23, 2009 Members: 387

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    Type: Group: Common InterestActivities URL:http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=92452367841 Searches

    Facebook customizes Search for each user so results are unreliableSimilar Accounts

    Facebook Community Page http://www.facebook.com/pages/UIUC-Graduate-School-of-Library-and-Information-

    Science/108514842507093?sk=info

    Community pages are automatically generated by Facebook with information pulled fromWikipedia and provide a central hub for questions and searches related to the subject

    UIUC GSLIS Group http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=93459412144 owned by Scott Migaldi (relationship to GSLIS, if any, is unknown)

    o Current Status Main content publishers are Kim Schmidt and Patty Grove Content published to Wall is predominately top-down communication with same information as

    posted on Twitter (including content not posted to main GSLIS webpage)

    Facebook posts have added content to take advantage of longer post lengths Event feature has been used in the past Links back to GSLIS webpage but not other social media

    Desired Outcome of Use

    Foster interaction within the GSLIS community, across the external LIS community and to the public

    at large.

    Create hub for conversation and interaction around GSLIS

    Protect personal privacy of staff

    During interviews, conversations about increased Facebook activity led to expressions of concern on

    the part of staff members regarding how to control their privacy and maintain work-personal

    boundaries without alienating professional contacts. (Ashwill, 2010; Schmidt, 2010; Stroud, 2010)

    http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=92452367841http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=92452367841http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=92452367841http://www.facebook.com/pages/UIUC-Graduate-School-of-Library-and-Information-Science/108514842507093?sk=infohttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UIUC-Graduate-School-of-Library-and-Information-Science/108514842507093?sk=infohttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UIUC-Graduate-School-of-Library-and-Information-Science/108514842507093?sk=infohttp://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=93459412144http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=93459412144http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=93459412144http://www.facebook.com/pages/UIUC-Graduate-School-of-Library-and-Information-Science/108514842507093?sk=infohttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UIUC-Graduate-School-of-Library-and-Information-Science/108514842507093?sk=infohttp://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=92452367841
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    Analysis and Recommendations

    Currently, the GSLIS Facebook group is used as a broadcast tool, echoing the main webpage and Twitter

    feed. The schedule of posts is well-balanced with enough posts to remain visible but not spam

    followers Walls. There are a decent number of followers and the group Wall, Events, Photos, and

    Information sections are populated, if slightly outdated. The group is not connected to any related

    GSLIS or LIS organizations on Facebook (Favorites), reducing our ability to guide members to the

    information channels GSLIS deems reliable or valuable. Further, the unofficial GSLIS pages create

    confusion in determining which GSLIS account is the official outlet.

    1) Claim Community Page from Facebook2) Attempt to gain ownership of unofficial UIUC GSLIS Group

    a) This page is not active but the visual relationship and Info section are close enough that thiscould be considered name-squatting.

    b) Investigate Facebooks policy for name-squatting and determine if this account is eligible forreclamation

    3) Switch from Group to Pagea) Pages are accessible to individuals without Facebook accountsb) Allows GSLIS to favorite pages of other University and LIS organizationsc) Provides a way for people to engage in FB without having to "friend" peopled) Staff members posting on Pages post as the page rather than as their personal Facbook account,

    preserving separation of work and private life

    e) Allows use of third-party applications and visual customization4) Change page title

    a) GSLIS UIUC Alumni and Friends is vague and doesn't say what the page is about. Is it onlyintended for people outside of, or no longer at GSLIS, or are we trying to reach all our

    connections?

    b) Current title in violation of University policy5) Link to other social media accounts on Info page6) Develop privacy tutorial for GSLIS users

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    a) Ensure staff members understand curating or contributing to a Facebook page does not require"friending" and does not give co-members access to personal profiles.

    b) Explain or provide links to tutorials on securing private Facebook information if the user isblending personal and professional contacts. (Sutton, 2010)

    c) Emphasize that staff members are not obligated to accept friend requests from professionalcontacts if they do not wish to. (Ray, 2010)

    d) Suggest LinkedIn accounts as alternative where professional contacts could be re-directed fromFacebook friend requests

    7) Address restrictions on @illinois.edu email usage on Facebooka) According to GSLIS staff, current University policy is that the use of work email accounts on

    Facebook is prohibited. However, this requires staff members to use their personal accounts to

    curate the official GSLIS Facebook group.i) Determine whether this renders private Facebook accounts subject to University Ethics

    scrutiny

    b) Ensure GSLIS staff is aware ofFacebook one account, one user policy in the Terms of Servicewhich bans the creation of multiple accounts by a single user in case any staff are in breach of

    these restrictions (King, 2010)

    5.3 Flickr

    Flickr is one of the most popular social photo and video-sharing sites online with over 3 billion images

    hosted as of 2009. Flickr allows users to create accounts and link their uploaded media into

    communities using social and geotagging of images based on individuals, events, location, or interests

    captured in the images. Like Twitter tweets, these images, once publicized, enter the Flickr

    photostream where they can be viewed by the rest of the There are other communitybuilding tools

    like Connections (Flickrs version of friends), photo contests, threaded commenting, and easy

    dissemination to other social platforms like Facebook. Although Flickr allows users to create private

    photo sets, the community is built around public sharing and Creative Commons permissions for image

    use. Because Flickr is a relatively small platform, privacy policy has not been heavily investigated or

    tested like that of Facebook or other tools.

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    Personality and Demographics

    Unlike Twitter or Facebook, Flickr does not appear to have a clear personality. Its social aspects were a

    coincidental effect of Flickrs goal ofhelping people make their photos available to the people who

    matter to them.

    (Flickr) Although membership statistics are not publicly available, there are an average

    16.1 million monthly visitors to Flickr and over five billion images hosted on the service. (Sheppard,

    2010) Within the Flickr community, a majority of users are teenagers and young adults with a slight tilt

    toward male users and a significant majority of Asian and Hispanic users. (Quantcast, 2010)

    GSLIS Flickr Usage Profile

    Created by Public Relations as a private location for storing and reviewing professional photos

    GSLIS and Alumni UIUCo Admin: chadly (real identity unknown)o Created: apx. 6 years agoo Members: 55o Number of Images: 74o URL:http://www.flickr.com/groups/gslis o Searches

    #2 in results for gslis Similar Accounts:

    GSLIS Doctoral Research

    Queens College Library and Information Science Student Association

    Simmons College

    Current Statuslargely unpopulated space with few users

    account is unpublicized on GSLIS outlets

    Desired Outcome of Use

    Develop GSLIS Flickr presence into a hub where GLSIS connections can centralize images of

    events and activities (e.g. South St. Louis Community Informatics program, alumni meetings at

    ALA National, LEEP weekend, poster images)

    Create function where pictures from Flickr photostream are posted on GSLIS homepage feature

    image block

    http://www.flickr.com/groups/gslishttp://www.flickr.com/groups/gslishttp://www.flickr.com/groups/gslishttp://www.flickr.com/groups/gslis
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    geo-tagging of LEEP students, adjunct faculty, events, meetups, etc.

    Develop special features such as a faculty yearbook series showing faculty members over time

    Publicize GSLIS final projects (archives, preservation, bookbinding)

    Analysis and RecommendationsAfter talking with Communications, there are significant privacy and disclosure issues that must be

    addressed before Flickr should become an official GSLIS media outlet.1 As such, it is recommended that

    the promotion of Flickr as a social outlet be deferred until validating legal and administrative opinions

    are obtained from the appropriate University departments or other parties. Concerns include:

    How to accommodate privacy laws like FERPA and HIPAA

    What permissions are required for posting images?

    Under what circumstances can images of children be published?

    o Center for Childrens Books, Childrens Literature Festival, East St. Louis volunteerso How will parents be alerted to publication and given control over minors likeness?

    If users are unaware of privacy customization options, how do we make them aware of ability to

    restrict tagging and geolocation by other community members? (i.e. being tagged in someone

    elses image from a conference)

    If external entities post to the Flickr group, is GSLIS liable for privacy breaches or content?

    Once these major concerns are addressed, recommendations to fulfill other GSLIS goals can be

    addressed.

    Add Admins and Moderators with profiles that indicate official relationship to GSLIS

    Populate Flickr stream

    o Official imageso Encourage students to post poster images, standalone charts, or graphs that educate on

    LIS concerns (FRBR hierarchy diagram, timeline of GSLIS history, etc.) (Zarella, 2009)

    o Encourage Faculty to integrate images into classes and post these images tophotostream

    1Disclaimer: Researcher has no legal background or experience and cannot make assertions as to the validity or

    necessity of these recommendations. All recommendations are based on personal awareness of internet privacy

    concerns and those concerns voiced in interview with Cindy Ashwill and Kimberly Schmidt. Appropriate legal and

    administrative opinion should be obtained before any decisions are made.

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    Adapt Twitter #gslisui hashtag to act as GSLIS-specific tag within Flickr photostream

    o Apply tag to all images posted by GSLISRename group and standardize profile image to match other accounts and platforms

    Add Flickr button on GSLIS homepage, contact page, and Admissions section.

    Link to Facebook group

    5.4 LinkedIn

    LinkedIn has positioned itself as the primary social media tool for professionals. Like Facebook, LinkedIn

    was designed to allow individuals to build personal networks and engage in online communities

    surrounding their interests. However, unlike Facebook, LinkedIn networks revolve around co-workers,

    business contacts, and potential clients or employers while the communities relate to professional

    organizations, businesses, and alumni organizations. Networks are built among known contacts to the

    extent that making a connection require the user to explain how they are connected to the person they

    seek to connect with. If the person receiving the connection request rejects the request, the requestor

    is penalized by having their connection ability limited. The more individuals who participate in LinkedIn,

    the more frequently their host organizations name appears in searches, creating greater visibility for

    both the organization and its members. As a strictly professional platform, LinkedIn is considered the

    safe network for individuals to stay connected with co-workers, supervisors, and other professional

    contacts without informing potential employers about what they were doing Saturday night or exposing

    their obsession with lousy martial arts films to the entire department.

    Personality and Demographics

    As a professional network, LinkedIn has an understandably formal personality with emphasis being

    placed on presenting individuals, organizations, or items as business assets for hiring, outreach, or

    adoption. It is considered one of the mandatory employment tools for professionals from new college

    graduates to Fortune 500 executives. As a jobseeking and recruitment tool, LinkedIn is unparalleled,

    with more than 80% of American employers using LinkedIn as their primary recruitment tool. (Qualman,

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    2009). Echoing the adult professional orientation of the platform, domestic LinkedIn users are

    overwhelmingly middle-aged Caucasians without children who make over $60,000 a year and have at

    least a bachelors degree. There is also a slight gender imbalance trending toward male users.

    (Quantcast, 2010)

    GSLIS LinkedIn Usage Profile

    This platform is currently orphaned and the status of ownership is unclear. GSLIS Communications staff

    was unaware of this account's existence until they were given an inventory of GSLIS social media

    accounts during the development of this project. As such, there is no usage information or staff goals to

    report. However, the fact that GSLIS affiliates continue to connect with a clearly inactive, and

    unadvertised, group suggests that reviving this channel and turning it into an active and effective outlet

    would not be difficult.

    UIUC GSLIS Students and Alumni

    o Owner: Sara Q Thompson (ex-GA, no longer at GSLIS) Rae Ann Montague listed as a group manager; however, her control of

    administrative rights is unknown.

    o Type: Alumni Groupo Created: Aug 16, 2008o Members: 421o URL:http://www.linkedin.com/groups?mostPopular=andgid=675727

    Search Results

    o Appears 2 of 6 for GSLIS after Simmons GSLIS Alumnio Appears 8 of 10 for library and information scienceo Appears 3 of 6 for graduate school library and information science

    Analysis and Recommendations

    A key goal of GSLIS is maintaining its reputation in the LIS field and supporting faculty and alumni

    network throughout their professional careers. (Stroud, 2010) As such, a GSLIS presence on LinkedIn is a

    virtual requirement for leveraging our network of alumni and affiliates to the benefit of the college.

    http://www.linkedin.com/groups?mostPopular=andgid=675727http://www.linkedin.com/groups?mostPopular=andgid=675727http://www.linkedin.com/groups?mostPopular=andgid=675727http://www.linkedin.com/groups?mostPopular=andgid=675727
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    LinkedIn also provides GSLIS staff members with a reliable alternative to interacting with professional

    contacts via their personal Facebook accounts. Further, due to LinkedIn's growing centrality to the job

    market, it is critical that GSLIS student be able to solicit recommendations and contacts from their GSLIS

    sources via LinkedIn.

    o Reclaim ownership of group and designate manager(s)o Determine whether group is only intended for GSLIS students and alums or whether it will be

    marketed to all GSLIS affiliates (donors, faculty, etc.) and adjust description accordingly.

    o Encourage GSLIS faculty and staff to join LinkedIn as networking tool and to support studentjobseeking activities

    o Educate faculty and staff on correct procedures for responding to LinkedIn Recommendationrequests from students and alum

    What recommending someone entails What to write

    o Add links from GSLIS webpage Account is linked only through Home Careers Students and Alumni Jobs Alumni-

    Student Connect. Even there, the only mention is a plain-text hotlink.

    LinkedIn icon should be added to front page, contacts, and career page at a minimumo Create link from Career Services Moodle pageo Begin posting conversation starters in discussion forum and respond to activity on forums

    Encourage other GSLIS members to respond to activity

    Section 6: ConclusionThroughout this project, an effort was made to combine the articulated wishes of the Communications

    and Advancement offices regarding the outcome of social media engagement and the written goals of

    the Graduate School of Library and Information Science with the researchers knowledge of the

    potential value offered by social media activity. This led to a research focus on strengthening the

    foundations of the GSLIS social media program over providing specific recommendations regarding the

    content of social media activities. Based on this focus, privacy, account structure, promotion,

    networking, and branding turned out to be the primary areas addressed. The activity occurring through

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    the various social channels was found to suffer from lack of two-way conversation, which is easily

    addressed by small shifts in messaging. The structural elements of GSLIS social media however, will

    require strategic planning and some level of redesigning to maximize their utility. Social media must be

    integrated into every aspect of GSLISs communications, public relations, and outreach policies and

    activities to reach its true potential. If this integration occurs, it will facilitate GSLISs goal of greater

    interaction on campus and around the world

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