university of pennsylvania climate action plan · gases. the following climate action plan lays out...
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Climate Action PlanUniversity of Pennsylvania
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Table of Contents
1 LetterfromPresidentGutmann......................................................................................... 52 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................. 73 ExecutiveSummary............................................................................................................. 94 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 195 MitigationStrategies.......................................................................................................... 355.1 CarbonReductionActionPlan.................................................................................. 365.2 CarbonInventoryFiscalYear2007........................................................................... 515.3 CarbonInventoryFiscalYear2008........................................................................... 525.4 CarbonInventoryFiscalYear2009........................................................................... 535.5 UtilitiesandOperations............................................................................................. 545.6 PhysicalEnvironment................................................................................................ 645.7 Transportation............................................................................................................. 785.8 WasteMinimizationandRecycling.......................................................................... 865.9 Academics.................................................................................................................... 965.10 Communications....................................................................................................... 1046 Conclusion....................................................................................................................... 1117 Glossary…………………………………………………………………………..……...115AppendixA:ACommitmenttoTeaching,Research,andPlanning:Environmental
TraditionatPenn.............................................................................................. 122AppendixB:Climate Action Plan:BudgetandCarbonReductionEstimates................. 128AppendixC:EnvironmentalSustainabilityAdvisoryCommittee
Membership……………………………………………………………………130AppendixD:RenewableEnergyCertificatesBackground………................................... .136
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Meeting on College Green Takes on a Whole New Meaning These Days for the Red and the Blue
Environmentalsustainabilityisadefiningissueofthe21stcentury.Highereducationcanplayaleadershiproleinaddressingglobalclimatechange.Throughitsresearch,teaching,andoperationalpractices,Pennisdedicatedtopromotingasustainablecultureandimplementingenvironmentally-consciouspolicies.IsignedtheAmericanCollegeandUniversityPresident’sClimateCommitmentin2007andpledgedthatPennwoulddevelopplanstoreduceouremissionsofgreenhousegases.OurrenewableenergypurchasesandourefficientoperationshaveallowedustoexceedtheKyotoProtocolcarbonreductiontargets.OurPlanrepresentsanewapproachtohowwethinkandbehave.Iampleasedtosharewithyouthissummaryofourstrategies,andIinviteyoutovisittheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsite.
PleasejoininoureffortstofosteramoresustainableUniversitycommunitythatraisesenvironmentalawarenessandcontributestoahealthierplanet.
AMYGUTMANNPresident
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AcknowledgementsWewouldliketoextendgratefulthankstothefollowinglistedpeople,whocontributedtothedevelopmentoftheUniversityofPennsylvania’sClimate Action Planoverthepasttwoyears.Weareindebtedtoyourgoodjudgment,fairevaluations,andgreenconscience.
University of Pennsylvania Administration
AmyGutmann PresidentCraigCarnaroli ExecutiveVicePresidentVincentPrice ProvostGregoryS.Rost VicePresidentandChiefofStaffAnnePapageorge VicePresident,FacilitiesandRealEstateServicesMarieWitt VicePresident,BusinessServicesDanielGarofalo EnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator
Environmental Sustainability Advisory Committee (ESAC) Chairs
AndrewBinns Co-ChairAcademics,SchoolofArtsandSciences&ProvostsOfficeMarshaLester Co-ChairAcademics,SchoolofArtsandSciencesAnthonySorrentinoChairCommunications,OfficeoftheExecutiveVicePresidentDavidHollenberg Co-ChairPhysicalEnvironment,UniversityArchitectEricWeckel Co-ChairPhysicalEnvironment,SchoolofMedicineKyleRosato ChairRecycling,EnvironmentalHealthandRadiationSafetyLarryBell Co-ChairTransportation,BusinessServicesDivisionVukanVuchic Co-ChairTransportation,SchoolofEngineeringandAppliedSciencesWilliamBraham Co-ChairUtilitiesandOperations,PennDesignJoeMonahan Co-ChairUtilitiesandOperations,FacilitiesandRealEstateServices(A complete list of ESAC members and subcommittee participants is included in Appendix C)
Sustainability Team Associates
SarahAbroms 2008-2009AssistantSustainabilityCoordinator,BAinBiology,2008SteveBelfiglio SustainabilityCommunicationsAssociate,BAinCommunications,2007BrittanyBonnette SustainabilityInitiativesAssociate,BAinUrbanStudies,2008SarahE.FisherSustainabilityAssociate,MasterofCityPlanning,2009LydiaNicoleHermoSustainabilityAssociate,MasterofArchitecture,2009KathyLent SustainabilityAssociate,MasterofArchitecture,2007Sarah-JaneLittlefordAssistantSustainabilityCoordinator,BAinSustainableDevelopment,2009
ExecutiveSummary
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3 Executive SummaryIn2007,UniversityofPennsylvaniaPresidentAmyGutmannsignedtheAmericanCollegeandUniversityPresident’sClimateCommitment(ACUPCC).ThispledgecommittedPenntodevelopingplansforlong-termreductionofitsemissionsofclimate-alteringgreenhousegases.ThefollowingClimate Action PlanlaysoutthestrategiesthatwillbeadoptedbytheUniversityofPennsylvaniatoachievethisgoal,aswellasthemeanstotrackandcommunicateprogresstothePenncommunityandexternalaudiences.
Penniswellpositionedtoenhanceitsleadershipinenvironmentalsustainabilityandresponsibleuseofresources.TheUniversityisalreadyrecognizedbytheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)asaleaderingreenenergypurchasing,havingreceivedtheGreen Power Awardforthepastthreeyears,asthenumberonepurchaserofwind-powerrenewableenergycreditsamongAmericancollegesanduniversities.
Asaninstitutiondedicatedtoexcellenceinteachingandresearch,Pennbenefitsfromastrongsharedmissionandinterdisciplinarycollaborationacrossitstwelveliberalartsandprofessionalschools.OneofPenn’sgreateststrengthsisitsabilitytoassembleresourcesfrombothacademiaanditsadministration,tomobilizetheenthusiasm,expertise,anddedicationofitsfaculty,staff,andstudentstofindsolutionstocomplexsocietalissues.Penn’sresponsetosustainabilityandtothethreatofglobalwarmingpresentsjustsuchachallenge.
“This is a defining issue of the 21st century, and I am proud to sign on and promote higher education as a leader in addressing global climate change through research, education and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.At Penn, we must recognize the impact of a research institution of our size and acknowledge that our actions extend beyond our campus and have global consequences.”
-PresidentAmyGutmann,February13,2007
Development of the Climate Action Plan
Penn’sClimate Action Planbuildsonextensiveexperienceinenergyandresourcemanagement.TheTCChanCenterforEnergyandSimulationinPenn’sSchoolofDesignwascommissionedin2006bytheDivisionofFacilitiesandRealEstateServices(FRES)toconductacomprehensiveenvironmentalassessmentofcampusoperations.Thisstudy,carriedoutinclosecollaborationwithFRESstaff,demonstratedexpertiseinassessingcampusenergysystems,andprovidedinvaluableguidanceforPenn’ssustainabilitymission.Buildingonthecapacitydevelopedduringthisassessment,Pennnowtrackscampuscarbonemissions,andhaspublishedcarboninventoriesforfiscalyears2007,2008,and2009(Sections5.2,5.3,and5.4).
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WhiletheworkwiththeTCChanCenterprovidedagoodfoundation,thesigningoftheACUPCCfocusedcampusattentionontheneedtogaininputfromabroadersetofcampusconstituencies.PenncreatedtheEnvironmentalSustainabilityAdvisoryCommittee(ESAC),madeupoffaculty,administrators,andstudents,andchairedbytheVicePresidentofFRES,andchargedthisgrouptodevelopUniversity-widerecommendationsandimplementationstrategiesforaClimate Action Plan.ESACestablishedsixcomprehensivethemesanddisciplinesasthemostsignificantavenuesforreducingPenn’scarbonfootprintandenhancingoverallsustainability;subcommitteeswereassembledtofocusonthesespecificaspectsofthebroadESACgoals.Tomanagethesubcommitteesandresearchthefeasibilityofspecificrecommendations,aSustainabilityTeam,undertheEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator,wasestablished,consistingofacoordinatorassistedbya
numberofsustainabilityassociates.Finally,anumbrellaorganization,theGreenCampusPartnership(GCP),wascreatedtodevelopinitiativesacrosstheUniversity.TheGCPisavirtualorganization,madeupofconstituentsfromacrosstheuniversity,whichfacilitatescommunicationanddialogue.TheGreenCampusPartnershipiscomprisedofseniorstafffromacrosstheuniversity,andleadersfromstudentgroups,andisstaffedbycurrentstudentsandrecentgraduates.
Overthecourseof2009,therecommendedgoalsandstrategiesofthecommitteewerevettedwithkeystakeholdergroupsacrosscampussuchas:
• CouncilofDeans
• FacultySenate
• GraduateandProfessionalStudentAssembly
• UndergraduateAssembly
• ViceProvostCouncilforResearch
• SeniorRoundtable
• PennProfessionalStaffAssembly
• UniversityCouncil,
• TrusteesoftheUniversityofPennsylvania
One of Penn’s greatest strengths is its ability to assemble resources from both academia and administration, and to mobilize the enthusiasm, expertise, and dedication of its faculty, staff, and students in finding solutions to complex societal issues.
Conserve Energy Design GreenReduce EmissionsMinimize WasteLearn Sustainability
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Utilities and Operations (Section 5.5): The goals are to reduce energy usage by 5 percent from the 2007 baseline in fiscal year 2010, and a 17 percent decrease from the 2007 baseline by 2014. Strategiesinclude:
• Eliminatethegrowthinenergyuseinexistingbuildingsthrougheducationandmanagement;
• Improvetheefficiencyofexistingbuildings’utilitysystems,andadoptconservationmeasuressuchasbuildingre-commissioning,metering,andincentivesforbetterenergyperformance;and
• Continuepurchaseofrenewableenergycredits(RECs).
Physical Environment (Section5.6): The goals are to create and maintain a sustainable campus by increasing green space, decreasing building energy consumption, and increasing education and awareness of sustainable design.Strategiesinclude:
• AdoptLEEDSilverCertification,withPenn-specificgoals,asaminimumstandardfornewconstructionandmajorrenovations;
• ProvidetrainingtoPennstaffonsustainabledesignandconstructionpractices;and
• Implementincreasinglysustainableprotocolsforsiteplanningandlandscapemaintenance.
Transportation (Section5.7): The goal is to emphasize and plan a quality pedestrian campus environment, encourage use of public transportation for commuting, and provide safe, efficient local transportation services for the University community.Strategiesinclude:
• InvestigatepublictransportationsubsidythroughpartnershipwithSEPTA;
• Improvebicycleandpedestrianenvironments;and
• ImprovethefuelefficiencyofPenn’svehiclefleet.
Waste Minimization and Recycling (Section5.8):The goals are to double Penn’s diversion rate of paper, cardboard, commingled recyclables to 40 percent by 2014, and reduce Penn’s overall waste stream through improved purchasing practices, and by providing education to the Penn community.Strategiesinclude:
• Instituteacomprehensivewasteminimizationandrecyclingpolicy;
• ProvidewidespreadeducationaboutwhyandhowPennrecycles;and
• Ensureadequateprovisionofrecyclingandwastebinswithincampusbuildingsandpublicspaces.
ESAC Recommendations
ThefollowingrecommendationsfrommakeuptheClimate Action Plan andalignwiththecarbonreductionactionplandevelopedbytheTCChanCenter(seeSection5.1),andfitintoanoverallcampusstrategytoreducecarbonemissions:
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Academics (Section5.9):The goal is to make climate change and environmental sustainability a part of the curriculum and educational experience for all Penn students.Strategiesinclude:
• LaunchanewUniversityundergraduateminorinSustainabilityandEnvironmentalManagement,availableinFall2009;
• Providesustainability-relatedprogramsforfaculty,staffandstudents,suchasworkshops,proseminarclasses,andthefocusofthe2010PennReadingProject;and
• Expandstudentparticipationinsustainabilityresearch.
Communications (Section5.10):The goals are to develop clear, concise, and accurate information about Penn’s sustainability commitments, while encouraging Penn’s community to participate in continued learning in this field.Strategiesinclude:
• EstablishandreinforcemessagesthatindividualbehavioriscriticalinmeetingtheClimate Action Plangoals;
• Ensurethatallcommunicationsareaccurate,easilyaccessible,andprovidevaluableup-to-dateinformation;and
• CreateeventsthatgalvanizethecampuscommunityandbringattentiontotheUniversity’ssustainabilitycampaign.
A plan which involves the entire Penn community in the effort to reduce campus carbon emissions
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TherecommendationsoftheClimate Action Planaremeasurable,achievable,andconsistentwiththeimperativesassociatedwithPenn’ssustainabilityaspirations.TheserecommendationscontributetomeetingPenn’ssustainabilityaspirationsasfollows:
• The entire Penn community must contribute to the goal of energy conservation.EnergyconsumptionrepresentsthelargestenvironmentalandfinancialcomponentofPenn’soperations;
• Penn must invest in high-performance renovations and new construction, and ensure that buildings are maintained and operated to support Penn’s sustainability mission. Awell-designedandwell-builtcampuscanminimizelifecycleoperationandutilitycosts,andmaintainingahealthyindoorandoutdoorenvironmentforlearning,teaching,andresearch;
• Every effort should be made to embrace sustainable transportation to reduce emissions and congestion. VehicleusehasasignificanteffectonlocalenvironmentalqualityandonPenn’slivability;
• Penn’s community must minimize unnecessary consumption and recycle waste.Individualconsumerchoiceshaveanenormousimpactonwaste,handlingcosts,andenergyuse;
• Penn must educate its stakeholders to meet the environmental challenges of the future.Apreparedcitizenryisthebeststrategytomitigateenvironmentalthreats.
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• TheGCP’scontinuedoutreachandeducationefforts,suchasastrongwebsitepresenceandthecreationofarobustcommunicationsplan.
• TheSustainabilityTeam,ledbyPenn’sEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator,willmanagesustainabilityprojects,andeducationandoutreachprograms.ThisofficeisanticipatedtogrowandtakeonexpandedresponsibilitiestoensuretherobustimplementationoftheClimate Action Plan.
• TheEnvironmentalSustainabilityAdvisoryCommitteewillcontinuetomeet,vetnewideas,andmonitorprogressoftheplan.AsESACiscomprisedofmembersfromavarietyofbackgroundsandroles,thesestakeholdersserveassustainabilityambassadorstotheirconstituenciesandthroughthemtotheUniversitycommunityatlarge.
• Annualfundinghasbeenbudgetedforkeyprojects(seeAppendixB),withproposedexpensescurrentlyunderreview.Senioradministrators
withbudgetaryauthorityareapprisedoftheClimate Action Plan’sgoalstoensurethatfuturefundingplansaredevelopedtocontinueimplementationintothefuture.
• Keymetricsforsuccessaremonitoredandreportedregularly,andareeasilyavailabletoeverymemberofthePenncommunitythroughtheGCPwebsite(www.upenn.edu/sustainability).
• Arobustcommunicationsplan,launchinginFall2009,isdesignedtobothmotivateandeducatethePenncommunityandreportontheUniversity’sprogressonitscommitment.
• AdedicatedGreenFundforsustainabilityprojectswillbelaunchedinFall2009,tomakeavailablegrantsofupto$50,000toanymemberofthePenncommunity.Aprojectwillbeselectedforfundingbasedonabilitytochangebehavior,educate,orimplementsolutionsthatreducecampusemissionsandimprovesustainability.
Responsibility
ImplementationofanendeavoraslargeandcomplicatedasaUniversitysustainabilityplandependsonthesupportandendorsementoftheTrusteesandtheUniversitypresidentandthesenioradministration,aswellasenthusiasticparticipationoftheinstitution’sstudents,faculty,andstaff.Penn’simplementationstrategyisdesignedtoeducateandmotivatePenn’s40,000-personcommunitytoreducecampuscarbonemissions,aswellastoencouragePenn’sexpansivealumninetworkandexternalcommunitytolivemoresustainability.AchievingthissharedgoalrequiressignificantinputandactionsfromeachschoolandcenteronPenn’scampus.Componentsofthestrategyinclude:
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Introduction4
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4 IntroductionTheUniversityofPennsylvaniahasatraditionofleadingenvironmentalmanagementandscholarship,andisextremelywellpositionedtofurtherenhanceitsexcellenceinthesustainableuseofresources,academics,andlocalandglobalenvironmentalengagement.Pennboastsapremierfacultyineveryfieldofacademicsandprofessionalstudy,andequallyimportant,thecampuscommunity–faculty,administration,andstudents–hasahistoryofrisingtomeetimportantchallengestopromoteitsdualmissionofexcellenceinteachingandresearch.
Duringtheeraofgreatsocialandculturalchangeofthe1960s,Penncontributedleadingscholarshipinsocialwork,education,andplanning–includingpioneeringworkinregionalplanninganddesign.Throughthe1980sand1990s,Penn’schallengewastoengageandrevitalizeitsadjacentneighborhoods–addressinghead-ontheissuesofblight,urbancrime,andabandonment.TheWestPhiladelphiaInitiativetorevitalizePenn’sneighborhoodremainsamodelforstrategicinvestmentinurbancommunities.Thebenefitsofthisinitiativeincludeapedestrian-orientedcommunity,well-servedbyvastchoicesin
housing,publictransportation,parks,localretail,andaccesstoqualityjobsandpubliceducation—thehallmarksofasustainablecommunity.
Today,PresidentAmyGutmannhasidentifiedenvironmentalsustainabilityasakeychallengetotoday’sgenerationofleaders,andhascommittedtheUniversitytoarobustprogramtomeetthischallenge.TheAmericanCollegeandUniversityPresidents’ClimateCommitment(ACUPCC)representsanation-wideefforttoimproveenvironmentalsustainabilityoncollegecampusesandtoaddressglobalwarminginparticularbyfocusingonreducingcarbonemissionsandacceleratingresearchandscholarshiptomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.KeyaspectsofthePresidents’ClimateCommitmentare:
• Completinganemissionsinventory;• Withintwoyearsofsigning,settingatargetdateandinterimmilestonesforcarbonreductions;
• Implementingimmediatestepstoreducecarbonemissionsbyimproving
“Certain places, through the peculiar combination of physical, cultural, and, perhaps, spiritual characteristics, inspire people to care for their community. These are the places where sustainability has the best chance of taking hold.” - Muscoe Martin, School of Design
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operations,design,andconstruction,minimizingwaste,andsupportingsustainabletransportation;and
• Ensuringthatallmembersofthecommunityareaffordedanopportunitytolearnandunderstandtheissuesofsustainabilityasanintegralpartofthecurriculumandeducationalexperience.
ThisClimate Action Planrespondstotheaspira-tionsoftheACUPCCbyprovidingaroadmapandsummaryofPenn’ssustainabilityefforts.Bypostingthisdocumentonline,Pennispub-liclycommittingtomeetingthesegoalsandtomakingPenn’sinventory,goals,andprogressreportspubliclyavailable.
Penn’s History and Culture
Amongpremierinstitutionsofhigherlearning,PennisAmerica’sfirstUniversityandisuniqueinhosting12diverseschoolsononecontiguouscampus:
• TheCollegeofArtsandSciences• TheAnnenbergSchoolforCommunications
• TheGraduateSchoolofEducation• TheSchoolofDentalMedicine• TheSchoolofDesign• TheSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScience
• TheSchoolofLaw• TheSchoolofMedicine• TheSchoolofNursing
• TheSchoolofSocialPolicyandPractice• TheWhartonSchoolofBusiness• TheSchoolofVeterinaryMedicine
Itsphysicaldensityinacompact180-acreurbansettingcreatesanopportunityforinteractionandexchange,asfacultyandstudentsfromallofPenn’sdisciplinessharethesamecampus,streets,pathways,andgardens.Inaprofoundway,Penn’sphysicalcampussetsthestageforacommitmenttosustainability.
AsnotedbyarchitectMuscoeMartinofPenn’sSchoolofDesign,“ThewordsustainablehasrootsintheLatinsubtenir,meaning‘toholdup’or‘tosupportfrombelow.’…Certainplaces,throughthepeculiarcombinationofphysical,cultural,and,perhaps,spiritualcharacteristics,inspirepeopletocarefortheircommunity.Thesearetheplaceswheresustainabilityhasthebestchanceoftakinghold.”
Pennisjustsuchaplace.Itstwo-yearjourneytowardacohesiveexpressionofcampussustainabilitysincePresidentGutmannsignedtheACUPCCisatestamenttothiscampuscharacter,andtothenatureofthePenncommunitywholivesandworkshere.
The Penn Compact: President Gutmann’s Commitment
WhenDr.AmyGutmannbecamethetenthpresidentoftheUniversityin2004,thehallmarkofherinauguraladdresswastheunveilingofthePennCompact:threeoverarchingacademicandadministrativethemesthatwouldpropelPennfromexcellenceinthecore
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4 Introductionmissionofteaching,research,andservicetoeminenceasaninstitutionofhigherlearning.ThreeprinciplesinformthePennCompact:increasingaccessfortalentedstudentsofallincomesandbackgroundstoPenn’spremiereducation;integratingknowledgeacrossdisciplines;andengaginginservice,education,andleadershiplocallyandglobally.Pennhasalong-standingtraditionofenvironmentalstewardship,asoutlinedinAppendixA:A Commitment to Teaching, Research, and Planning: Environmental Tradition at Penn.However,recently,PennhasincorporatedenvironmentalsustainabilityinallaspectsofthePennCompact,andsince2004,Pennhasusedthesethemesasalenstoexamineallofitsactivities.SeveralspecificenvironmentalinitiativestookformconcurrentlyinthefirstyearsofPresidentGutmann’sadministration:
• The Report to the Trustees on Environmental Performance:RespondingtoaPresidentialandTrusteerequest,thenewVicePresidentofFRESundertookacomprehensivereviewofongoingsustainabilityworkuponherarrivalin2006.ThisreviewdocumentedmuchoftheworkdescribedinAppendixA,andconcludedthatalthoughnotpreviouslyexpressedasacoremission,Pennwasalreadyaleaderinenvironmentaloperationsandmanagement,inengagementwithexternalpartnersontheseissues,andinintegratingsustainabilityinlearning,teaching,andresearch.ThereportpresentedtotheTrusteesFacilitiesandCampusPlanningCommitteeinFebruary2007summarizedtheongoingwork,wasendorsedbythetrusteesasrepresentingPenn’sfinestvalues,
andraisedexpectationsforfutureperformanceattheUniversity.
• Campus Operations and Utility Infrastructure: Fromtheoperationalside,Pennhaslongbeenaleaderinbestpracticestoreducetheecologicalfootprintofcampus.Energyefficiencythroughengineeringimprovementshasproduceddramaticsavings.Forinstance,largeefficiencieshavebeenrealizedthankstoacentralizedchilledwaterloopandthecreationofcentralizedcontrolcenterforsomecampusutilities.SeeSection3.5ofthisreportforabackgroundsummaryoftheworkPennhascarriedoutoverthepasttwodecades.
• Theenergyefficienciesandassociatedfinancialsavingsgainedthroughenergyefficiencyprogramsandcampusinfrastructureimprovementswereappliedtoaground-breakinginvestmentincleanenergy.Startingin2001,PennstartedpurchasingwindRenewableEnergyCertificates(RECs)andinvestinginacleanerregionalenergymix(SeeAppendixDforfurtherdiscussionofRECs).In2004,PennenteredintoatenyearagreementwithCommunityEnergy,alocalwindpowercompany(nowapartofIberdrolaRenewable,oneofthelargestwindpowercompaniesintheworld).Penn’spurchasecommitmentof40,000kilowatthoursannuallyallowedCommunityEnergytocompletea12-turbine,24-megawattwindenergyplantatBearCreek,
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PennsylvaniainFebruary2006.Sincethatinitialpurchase,Pennhasmorethanquadrupleditswindpowerpurchases,and,at193,000kilowatthourspurchasedannually,consistentlyhaswontheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’sGreen Power Partnerawardasthenation’slargestbuyerofcleanwindenergyamongcollegesanduniversitiesin2006,2007,and2008.
• TC Chan Center for Energy and Simulation: Inlightoftheoverallinterestinenvironmentalsustainability,FREScommissionedtheTCChanCentertoundertakeacomprehensivesustainabilityauditofPenn’sWestPhiladelphiaacademiccampus.TheinstructiontotheTCChanCenterteamwastwo-fold:todeterminemetricsforPenn’soverallenergyuseandopportunitiesforsavings,andtoseehowPenncompareswithpeerinstitutionsintermsofpractices,standards,andoperationalefficiencies.TCChanCenteralsowascommissionedtoconductacampusgreenhousegasinventoryforeveryyearsince2006.
TheTCChanPhase I Sustainability Report2006) focusedonsixaspectsofenvironmentalperformance–energy,water,waste,transportation,landuse,andhealthandwellbeing–anddevelopedadescriptionofperformanceandbenchmarkstandardsforeachcriteria.EnergywasquicklyidentifiedasPenn’skeyenvironmentalimpactintermsofglobalandlocalenvironmentalimpact.Becausethecostofenergyis
bothhighandunpredictable,energyusealsohasthegreatestbearingonPenn’soperationalresourcesallocations.Onekeyfindingwasthatalthoughthecampusheatingandcoolingsystemachievedahighlevelofoperationalefficiency,therewasnotacorrespondingefficiencyattheindividualbuildinglevel.Asecondfindingwasthatalthoughthecampushasgrowninsizeandcomplexityoverthepastseveraldecades,duetoPenn’slargepurchaseofwindRECsandefficiencyupgradesatPenn’ssteamprovider,theUniversity’sadjustedcarbonfootprintwasfoundtobesmallerthanitwasin1990.ThisputPennincompliancewiththetargetsoftheKyotoProtocolsforcarbonreduction.
Afterareviewoftheseinitialfindings,theTCChanCenterwascommissionedtoproducePhase II and III Sustainability Plans,whichaddressedeffectiveenergymanagementatthebuildinglevel,andprovidedanassessmentofPenn’senergybudgetingandutilitycostallocationmodel.
TheTCChanstudiesdocumentedthat,withthediverseuseofPenn’s182buildingsontheacademiccampus,therewasnotaconsistent,easy,orequitablewaytoallocateenergycostsacrossthetwelveschoolsandcentersoncampus,norwasthereanyovertfinancialincentivefordeans,administrators,orbuildingmanagerstosaveenergy.
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4 IntroductionForPhaseIIoftheplan,theTCChanCenterdrewonitsextensiveexpertiseinmodelingandenergysimulationtocreateauniquecomputerconstruct:theBuildingPerformanceAssessmentTool(BPAT+).TheBPAT+wasbasedonextensivesurveysandassessmentsofeverybuildingoncampus,carriedoutbyPennSchoolofDesigngraduatestudents.Thesesurveyresultswerecomparedtotheoriginalconstructiondocuments,tocreateasimplifiedenergymodelofthedesignconditionsofeverybuilding.Buildingswererankedintermsofefficiencyandcarbonemissionstohelpfacilitiesteamsdeterminewherefurtherinvestigationswerewarranted.Buildingsthathadhigherthananticipatedenergyuseprofileswereselectedforpilotre-commissioningprojects.ThestudywaspresentedintwophasestoFRESinJune2007andFebruary2008.
Implementationofapilot,atwo-buildingre-commissioningproject,beganin2007todemonstratetheeffectivenessoftheprocessandthepotentialcampusenergysavings.TCChanCentercompletedthere-commissioningsurveysandcoordinatedwithFREStoidentifythesavingsopportunities.FRESstaffthencoordinatedwithcustomerstoimplementtheseenergysavinginitiatives.Withmetersinstalledtodocumentutilitysavings,alistofabout200necessaryrepairswereprioritizedandimplementedbyFRESstaffovertime.Thefirstyear’ssavingstotaled
over$500,000forthetwobuildings–atotalreturnoninvestmentoflessthansixmonths.Atthecompletionofthepilot,thefacilitiesoperationsteammadeplanstoscaleuptheprojecttoeightbuildingsannually–aschedulethatcontinuestobecarriedthough2009andbeyond.
• Student initiatives:Justasthetrustees,staff,andfacultyconsultantsengagedinsustainabilityinvestigations,Penn’sstudentleadershipwasfocusedontheissuesaswell.• FoundedasanoutgrowthofanAcademicallyBasedCommunityServiceclassin2004,thestudentorganizationFarmEcologyhasworkedcloselywithPennDiningServicestoensurethatfoodprovidersoncampusmakelocalandseasonalfoodsavailabletostudents.Thestudentgroupsponsorsalocalfoodsdinneronceeachsemesterandhasworkedwithlocalnon-profitsandfarmstobringaweeklylocalfarmersmarkettotheheartofcampus.Theyalsosponsorandstaff“WinterHarvest,”astudentbuyingclubforlocalproduceduringthewintermonths.
• TheUndergraduateAssemblyandthe Graduate and Professional Student Associationhavestandingsustainabilitycommittees,wherestudentinputisgatheredonallaspectsofcampuslifeforcommunicationtotheadministration.
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• PennMOVES: Forthepasttwoyears,Penn’sBusinessServicesDivisionhasconductedPennMOVES,amove-outrecyclingandreusedrivetoreducewasteandpreventusableitemsfromgoingtolandfills.In2009,over45tonsofmaterialwasdiverted,andmorethan$30,000insaleswasdonatedtoWestPhiladelphiacharityagencies.
• ThePenn Environmental Group(PEG)wasfoundedin1971bystudentsactiveintheinauguralEarthDay1970celebration.StudentsatPennhavebeenintheforefrontofenvironmentalactivismeversince.Today,PEGcontinuesstudentleadershipbyconductingstudentawarenesscampaigns,engagingwithfacultyandtheadministration,runningaspeakerseries,andcarryingoutserviceprogramssuchascompactfluorescentlightbulbdistributionintheCollegeHouseresidences.InNovember2006,PEGstudentleadersidentifiedaseriesofopportunitiesregardingPenn’ssustainabilityperformance,andacknowledgingPenn’sleadershiponmanyenvironmentalissues,presentedtheirconstituents’viewstoPresidentGutmannataUniversityCouncilmeeting.
• Onbehalfoftheadministration,PresidentGutmannrespondedwithenthusiasticencouragementofthestudents,pledgingtocontinuetoimplementbestpracticeswherePenn’sperformancewasstrong,toemulatepeerinstitutionswheretheUniversitycouldimprove,tolookfornewopportunitiestodemonstrateleadershipinenvironmentalsustainability,andchallengingtheadministrationtoimproveinotherareas.
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4 Introduction
Signing of the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment (ACUPCC)
Thestudent’sUniversityCouncilpresentationwastimely;soonafterwards,theACUPCCteamcontactedtheOfficeofthePresidentsolicitingPenn’ssupportandinvolvement.Penn’sextensivesustainabilityactivitiesoverthepreviousyearsprovidedPresidentGutmannandherseniorstaffwiththeinformationneededtoquicklyevaluatetheACUPCCproposalandassessthechallengesofparticipation.Pennhadalreadycarried
outacarboninventorythroughtheTCChanCenter,andwasincompliancewithseveralotherpre-requisitesoftheACUPCC.PresidentGutmanndeterminedthatsigningthepledgeandcommittingPenntoacomprehensivepathtocarbonreductionwouldenhancetheUniversity’ssustainabilityprograms,andcouldbeaneffectivewaytoreachevenhigherachievementsinthefuture.
EnvironmentalsustainabilitywasthethemeofPresidentGutmann’scommencementspeechthatfollowingspring,inwhichsheaskedthegraduatingclasstotakeupthechallengeofsustainabilityleadership:
“Achieving sustainability will not come easy. Differences
and disagreements over how best to pursue common
goals will inevitably arise. We can’t play down our
differences—nor should we. That is part of the beauty of
living in a free society.”
- President Amy Gutmann to the United Nations,
November 2007
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Each and every one of you leaves Penn better than you found it.Now, we ask you: are you ready to step up and become global stewards for a more sustainable and more humane world? … We must cultivate respect for the values of science, which are too often distort-ed.We must demand respect for the dignity of every human being, which is too often de-nied.And we must learn to respect our earth by undoing the damage we have done to our soil, water, air, and biodiversity… Achieving sustainability will not come easy.Differences and disagreements over how best to pursue common goals will inevitably arise.We can’t play down our differences—nor should we.That is part of the beauty of living in a free society.
While the world is waiting, our environment does not have the luxury of time.But the world has you.You have the power to sustain the planet just as you will be sustained by the strength of your Penn education and the love of your friends and family.Yes, we live in a beautiful world that deserves a longer lease on life.Make it happen!
Institutional Response to the Presidents’ Climate Commitment
ThesigningoftheACUPCCandcompliancewithitsrequirementsfocusedtheUniversityonthesequenceofworkthatwouldberequiredtocompleteaClimate Action Plan.Faculty,staff,andstudentswouldeachbeaskedtocontributeexpertiseandresourcestodevelopaplanforimplementationinsupportofthisUniversity-widepresidentialinitiative.
Creating a Support Structure for Sustainability:PriortothePresidentsigningtheACUPCC
pledge,Pennwasalreadyengagedinnumeroussustainabilityinitiatives.Theimmediatechallengewastobringtheseeffortstogetherinacoherentstructure,developmetricsforevaluatingsuccess,andcreateaformalClimate Action Plan.AtPenn,thethreeinitialstepswere:coordinateaguidingcommitteetodeveloprecommendationstotheOfficeofthePresident,createanSustainabilityTeamundertheEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator,withappropriatestafftooverseeanddirectefforts,andcommunicatethewide-rangingongoingsustainabilityworkatPenninacoherentway.
1. The Environmental Sustainability Advisory Committee(ESAC)wasestablishedoncePresidentGutmannsignedtheACUPCC.TheVicePresidentofFRES,actingaschairofthenewcommittee,invitedselectedfaculty,staff,andstudentgovernmentleaderstothefirstmeetinginFall2007.Afteraninitialpresentationbytheco-chairsoftheTCChanCenterandFRESstafftobringthecommitteemembersuptodateaboutongoingwork,thecommitteedeterminedthatitskeytaskswereto:
• GaininputfromtheentireUniversityonstrategiestoimprovecampussustainabilityandreducecarbonemissions;
• Researchbestpracticesatpeerinstitutions;and
• UsethisinformationtodevelopPenn’sClimate Action PlanbyFall2009forsubmissiontotheACUPCC.
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4 Introduction
Sixsubcommittees–UtilitiesandOperations,PhysicalEnvironment,Transportation,WasteMinimization and Recycling, Academics,and Communications – were established toinvestigateanddeveloprecommendationsforinclusionintheClimate Action Plan.Overthecourseof2007,2008,andSpring2009,thefullcommitteemet twice per semester, with thesubcommittees meeting more frequently toformulatespecificrecommendations.InMay 2009, ESAChad completed itsworkand presented its recommendations toPresidentGutmann.Withtheoriginaltasknowcompleted, ESAC and its six subcommitteeswillcontinuetomeetandtorespondtonewideas, review implementation plans, andprovidefeedbackonprogress.
1. The Sustainability Teamwasestablishedinthespringof2008,withtheappointmentofPenn’sfirstEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinatorandanAssistantSustainabilityCoordinator.Forthefirstyear,thekeyworkoftheofficefocusedonmanagingtheClimate Action Plan,preparingupdatesfortheUniversitypresidentandseniorstaff,andpromotingandsupportingtheextensiveworkunderwayacrosstheUniversity.Asnotedabove,theofficeexpandedgreatlywiththearrivalofsixsustainabilityassociates(studentsandrecentgraduatesfrombothPennundergraduateandgraduateschools)inthesummerof2008,threeofwhomstayedonforthefollowingacademicyeartocarryoutspecificresearchonandassistintheimplementationofnewinitiativesinsustainabletransportation,wasteminimizationandrecycling,and
academicsustainabilityprograms.Duringthesummerof2009,theSustainabilityTeamwasagainsupportedbysixnewsummerassociates,dedicatedto:
• PreparingoftheClimate Action Plan;• LaunchingapilotstudentandstaffEco-Repsprogram;
• OrganizingthelaunchoftheGreenFundsustainabilityloanprogram;
• Improvingoff-campusrecyclingandhousinginitiatives;
• Conductingresearchintoelectronicwasteanduniversalwasteandrecycling;
• ProvidingsustainabilitytrainingforFRESstaff;
• AssessingtheUniversityvehiclefleetforsustainability;and
• Managingapilotstudytodevelopsustainabilitystandardsforrenovationprojectsfewerthanfivemilliondollars.
AstheongoingworkshiftstotheimplementationphaseoftheClimate Action Plan,theSustainabilityTeamwillcontinuetoservetoupdatethePresidentonprogressandcoordinatingactivitiesacrosstheUniversity.TheprimarytaskswillincludemonitoringandreportingontheClimate Action Planrecommendations,inparticularthetrackingandreportingofcarbonemissions.OthertasksincludemanagementofthestudentandstaffEco-Repsprogram,thedevelopmentofsustainabilitypubliceventsandactivities,thepublicationofabi-montlysustainabilitynewsletterknownas“TheRedandBlue:OnCollegeGreen,”and
2.
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thecompilationoftheresultsofthecarbonreductionstrategiesunderwaybyschoolsandcenters.Anannualsustainabilityreportwillbeproducedattheendofthe2009-2010academicyearandannuallythereafterfordistributiontothewiderPenncommunity.
AlthoughtheimplementationoftheClimate Action Planrecommendationswillrequireadditionalstaffandresourcesequaltothebroadscopeandcriticalimportanceofthiswork,theworktodatehasbeencarriedoutbyaminimumoffull-timestaffandtemporarysustainabilityassociates.TheSustainabilityTeamcontinuestorelyonandbeadvisedbymanydivisionsandindividualsacrosstheUniversity,inparticulartheBusinessServicesDivision,FRES,theOfficeoftheExecutiveVicePresident,andtheTCChanCenter.
1. TheGreen Campus Partnership (GCP)grewoutofastudent-ledinitiativetochampionenvironmentalissues,andwasestablishedastheumbrellagrouptoaddressenvironmentalsustainability
andstewardshiponcampussoonafterPresidentGutmannsignedtheACUPCC.Comprisedofself-selectedpartiesfromacrossthecampus,theGCPfunctionsasavirtualclearinghouseandrepositoryofinitiatives,providingawebpresenceandacomprehensivecommunicationsstrategytoprovideoutreachandupdatestotheUniversity.ParticipantsandcontributorstotheGCPincluderepresentativesfromtheOfficeoftheProvost,FRES,PennDining,BusinessServicesMarketingandCommunications,theOfficeoftheExecutiveVicePresident,EnvironmentalHealthandRadiationSafety,DeansanddepartmentChairs,andstudentgroups.
TheGCPwebsitewasupdatedandredesignedoverthesummerof2009,andlaunchedinSeptember.ThewebsiteupdatesprogressonthePresidentsClimateCommitment,providesanongoingcalendarofcampussustainabilityevents,andfeaturesthe
3.
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4 IntroductionlatestprojectsandinitiativesoftheSustainabilityTeamthroughlinkstothe“RedandBlue:OnCampusGreen”newsletter.
TheGCPimplementsthecommunicationsstrategylaidoutintheClimate Action Plan.Inadditiontothewebsite,theGCPwilladvertiseevents,featurespeakersandsymposiaonenvironmentaltopics,providemediacoordinationandoutreach,launchfrequente-newsletters,andservethePenncommunityasthefirststopforinformationandupdates.
Green Ribbon Panel:Inadditiontotheworkdescribedabove,thereremainsomeissuestheneedtoberesolvedtoinstitutionalizetheClimate Action Plan. Theseinclude:
• Developingandpublicizingmetricstomeasureprocessontherecommendations;
• DeterminingtheauthoritieswithintheUniversityresponsibleforimplementation;
• Budgetingthenecessaryresources;and• CreatingamanagementandreviewteamtoensurethattheClimate Action Planiscarriedout.
InSeptember2009,atameetingoftheUniversitySeniorRoundtable,theVicePresidentofFacilitiesandRealEstateServicesrecommendedthecreationofaGreen Ribbon Panel,withoperationalresponsibilitytomonitortheprogressoftheClimate Action Plan,
ensureimplementationoftherecommendationsandreporttosenioradministratorsandtotheProvostonprogress.ThisPanelwillbesimilartofewotherinitiativesattheUniversity,inthattherewillbesharedimplementationfrombothacademicandadministrativedepartments,withcommitmentfromthehighestlevelofUniversityadministration.
Twiceannually,thisPanelwillreceiveaprogressreportonsustainabilitymetrics,newinitiatives,andotherupdatesoftheClimate Action PlanimplementationbytheSustainabilityTeam.
Future Supporting Activities:
ThePennGreen Fundwaslaunchedatthestartofthe2009-2010academicyeartoprovidefinancialsupportforselectedsustainabilityinitiativesfrommembersofthePenncommunity.Whilerewardingcreativityandinnovation,prioritywillbegiventoprojectswithresultsthatareabletodemonstrateaquantifiablereturnoninvestment,secureadditionalfunding,thatwillbeappliedacrosscampus,engagemultiplestakeholderswithinthePenncommunity,andareeffectiveineducatingorchangingbehavior.Eachteamawardedagrantwillberequiredtosubmitaperformance/statusprojectreportatmidpointandcompletion,andthefinalreportwillbepublishedontheGCPwebsitetodemonstratetheenvironmentalbenefits.
TheEco-Repsprogramreliesonpeereducationandgrouplearningtogenerateenthusiasmamongbothstudentsandstaffpopulations.Self-selectinggroupswillreceiveonce-a-monthtrainingonspecifictopics(energyuse,
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recycling,sustainablecommuting,purchasing,etc.),andarechargedwithcommunicatingtheselessonstotheirpeersacrosstheUniversity.In2009,theseprogramswillstartwithapilotprograminthreeCollegeHousesandaround40Eco-Reps,withtheintentiontoexpendtoallCollegeHousesinthe2010-2011academicyear.
ThePennGreen Freshmen Pre-Orientationprogramhaditsfirstfull-scaleruninAugust2009,with40incomingfreshmenparticipatinginafour-dayprogrampriortothestartofformalnewstudentorientation.Eventsincludedtoursofcampusandofurbanfarms,meetingswithrepresentativesfromtheCityofPhiladelphia’sOfficeofSustainability,meetingswiththesustainabilityteamatPenn,andlunchwithfacultyandstaffworkingontheissue.PennGreenparticipantssignedapledgetocommittoasustainablelifestyleforfouryearswhileastudentatPenn.
Collaborations with outside stakeholders:Penn’ssustainabilityteamhasanumberofimportantcollaborationsandpartnershipsoutsideoftheinstitution:
• PennparticipatesintheIvy+ Sustainability Working Group, madeupofSustainabilityCoordinatorsandDirectorsfromtheIvyLeagueschoolsplusJohnsHopkins,MIT,Stanford,Georgetown,theUniversityofChicago,andDuke.Weeklyconferencecallsandanannualretreatallowforsharingofinformationandcollaborations.
• The Mayor’s Sustainability Advisory Board:TheFRESVicePresidentwasaskedbytheMayorofPhiladelphiatoco-chairhissustainabilityadvisoryboard,organizingthe25memberstoprovideadviceandfeedbackoncityoperationsandenvironmentalinitiativesastheylaunchacity-widesustainabilityplan.
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4 Introduction• The US Green Building Council (USGBC):PennisamemberoftheUSGBC,andPenn’sEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinatoristhechairofthelocalchapter,theDelawareValleyGreenBuildingCouncil(DVGBC).TheDVGBCistheleadingadvocacyandeducationproviderongreenbuildingpolicyandtechnologyintheDelawareValley.
Shared Mission
ThegoaloftheClimate Action Plan–andthechallengetosocietyasawholeasregardsglobalwarming–istoaffectbehaviorchange.ThenecessaryactionsatPennwilltakemanyformsandallarecriticaltosuccess,andmutuallysupporting:
• Academicresearchandteachingwithanemphasisonsustainability;
• Large-impact,high-capitalchangesinthewayPenndesigns,builds,andoperatescampusbuildingsandinfrastructure;and
• Small-scaleindividualchanges–thatarelargeinaggregate–inhoweachmemberofthePenncommunityusesresources.
Asalearninginstitution,Pennhasthetoolstoaffectthebehaviorchangenecessarytoreduceenergyuseandcreatesustainablelifestyles.ThisClimate Action Planprovidestheimplementationstrategytoreducecarbonemissionsandtocreateamoresustainablecampuscommunity.Thekeytosuccessinthisendeavorisnottobefoundineithertechnologyoradministrativedirective,butinindividualunderstandingandpersonalcommitment.
Eachmemberofthecampuscommunityisastakeholderinthiseffort.TobesuccessfultheClimate Action Planhastocommunicatetheimportanceofreducingcarbonemissions,whyconservationofenergyandresourcesmatter,andhowamoresustainableinstitutioncanbebuilt.Ifsuccessful,thenthecarbonreductionwillfollow.
Thereductionofcarbonemissionsisnotamatterofaccounting,butamatterofinsight,awareness,andappreciation.Thescaleofthechallengethecommunityfacesisevident;tosucceed,thePenncommunitywillhavetorelyonrelationshipsandcollaboration,havetrustinitscollectivewill,andbelievethatchangescanbeachievedinordertoreachthesharedgoalofasustainableUniversityofPennsylvania.
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Mitigation Strategies
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ThefollowingsectionspresenttheactionsthatPennwilltaketoreduceitscarbonfootprintoverthelongterm.TheCarbonReductionActionPlan,whichbeginsonpage37,summarizestheanalysisofPenn’scurrentcarbonfootprintcompletedforfiscalyears2007,2008,and2009,alongwiththeproposedstrategiestoachievethecarbonreductiongoals.1TherecommendationsoftheClimate Action Planbeginonpage54,andareorganizedbyarea:UtilitiesandOperations,PhysicalEnvironment,Transportation,WasteMinimizationandRecycling,Academics,andCommunications.Eachcategoryisorganizedintoauniformformat,addressingbackground,missionand/ortarget,recommendations,progress,responsibility,andfunding.Together,theCarbon Reduction Action PlanandtheClimate Action Plan recommendationsprovidetheUniversitywithcompellingmechanismstoreduceitscarbonfootprint.
1 A carbon footprint is “the total set of GHG (greenhouse gas, or carbon dioxide equivalent) emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, event or product” (UK Carbon Trust 2008).
Mitgation Strategies
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Campus Carbon Footprint
ThecurrentcarbonfootprintofthemaincampuswasdevelopedwithacarboncalculatorcreatedforPenn,usingtheconventionsandassumptionssetoutbytheWorldResourcesInstituteandmodeledonasimilarcalculatordevelopedforHarvard.1TheCarbon Reduction Action Plan includestheinventoryofthemainacademiccampusinWestPhiladelphia.
Institutionalgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsaretypicallydividedintocategoriesbasedonthesourceandtheinstitution’slevelofcontroloftheemissions.Thecategoriesarereferredtoas“scopes.”Scope1includesallsourcesofemissionsthatarereleaseddirectlybytheinstitution,suchasnaturalgasandfueloilcombustedoncampus,refrigerantleakage,andUniversity-ownedvehicles.Scope2includesindirectsourcesofemissionsfromthepurchaseofelectricity,heat,orsteam.Scope3includesallotherindirectsourcesofemissionsthatmayresultfromtheactivitiesoftheUniversity,butthatoccurfromsourcesownedorcontrolledbyotherentities.Scope3emissionsincludecommutertravel,solidwastedisposal,andinstitutionallysponsoredairtravel.
Thegrossgreenhousegasemissionsforfiscalyear2008were355,800metrictonsofcarbondioxideequivalent(MTCDE),aslightdropfromthepreviousyear.The netemissionsof250,500MTCDEareconsiderablylowerinfiscalyear2008duetopurchasingadditionalRenewableEnergyCertificates(RECs)2that
1 http://www.greencampus.harvard.edu/ggi/docs.php2 “Renewable energy certificates (RECs) represent the attributes of electricity generated from renewable energy
offsetapproximately30percentofthegrossemissions.Acolderwinterinfiscalyear2009ledtoanincreaseindemand.However,Penn’scarbonemissionsremainedlevel.Aswithmostuniversities,thelargestshareofcampusemissionsarerelatedtoenergyuseinbuildings.InPenn’scase,almost90percentofthecarbonfootprintcomesfromtheproductionofelectricityandsteam.(Fig5.1)
Carbon Footprint
Sources of Emissions
Over86percentofcarbonproducedbytheUniversityisfrombuilding-relatedsources.Atpresent,steam,electricity,oil,andnaturalgasareallusedintheoperationoftheUniversitycampuswithsteamandelectricityaccountingforthevastmajorityofemissions.
Unlikeitspeerinstitutions,theUniversitydoesnotownoroperateageneratingfacility.Itpurchasestheenergyitneedsfromlocalutilities,acquiringsteamforheatingfromacombinedheatandpowerplantatGraysFerrythroughTriGenEnergyCorporationandelectricitytorunitschillersandotherelectricdevicesfromPhiladelphiaElectricCompany(PECO).TheTrigenplantproducessteamasawasteproductfromthegenerationofelectricity,soitisaresponsiblewaytoachievealow-carbonsourceofheat.
Airtravelbystudents,facultyandstaffisthenextlargestsource,comprisingeightpercent
sources.” (US NREL) By purchasing REC’s that have zero carbon emissions, Penn can claim an indirect “offset” of its own emissions.
5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Plan
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5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Plan
ofemissions,althoughitshouldbenotedthatthistotalincludesonlytravelthatwasarrangeddirectlythroughtheUniversity.Thebalanceoftheemissionsisfromcommuting,solidwastedisposal,Penn-ownedvehicles,refrigerantleakageandreplacement,andlandscapemanagement.Usinghistoricaldata,theGHGemissionsoftheUniversitywerecalculatedfortheyears1990topresentday(Fig.5.1).
Emissions from Buildings
Asnotedabove,utilityconsumptioninbuildingsconstitutesthemajorityofcarbonproducedbytheUniversity.Therefore,muchofthefocusofthisplanisoncarbon
reductionsincampusbuildings.Thereductionofutilityconsumption,andtheassociatedcarbonemissions,willrequiremanykindsofimprovementstobuildingsandtheirsystems,aswellaschangesinthepurchasinganduseofthepowerconsumingequipmentwithinthem.ThisareawillbeexploredinmoredetailintheClimate Action Plan’s recommendations.
Inordertounderstandwhereenergyisusedandcarbonproduced,BuildingPerformanceAssessmentTool(BPAT+)auditsareusedtocreateanormalizedandrelativeassessmentofcampusbuildingperformance.TheBPAT+auditsareawaytoprovidestrategicinformationonindividualbuilding
Figure 5.1 Annual Carbon Production Since 1990
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performancebutleaveopenthequestionofhowmuchtoreducethatenergyconsumption.Tohelpanswerthatquestion,Penn’sbuildingsarecomparedtotheEPA’sEnergyStarperformancedata.
DrawingontheUSDepartmentofEnergy’sCommercialBuildingsEnergyConsumptionSurvey,whichprovidesaverageenergyusedataforclassesofbuildingsacrossthenation,EnergyStarmeasuresannualenergyconsumptioninthousandsofBTUspersquarefoot(kBTU/SF)forspecificbuildingtypesandoccupancies.Thismetricistheclosesttoa“miles-per-gallon”metricavailableforbuildings.Theseconsumptionamountsarethen
correlatedtoapercentilerankingonascaleof1to100,with50representingtheaverageenergyconsumptionforthatbuildingsize,type,occupation,andlocation.ToactuallyobtainanEnergyStarlabelorcertification,abuildinghastorankatEnergyStar75orabove,meaningithastoperformbetterthan75percentofthebuildingsofitstype(www.energystar.gov).
Tounderstandthepotentialcarbonreductionopportunitiesinbuildings,emissionswereanalyzedintwoways:bybuildingtype(Fig.5.2)andbyusesofenergyacrossallcampusbuildings(Fig.5.3).Ofcampusbuildingtypes,laboratorybuildings,residencehalls,andmedicalfacilitiesrepresentthelargest
Figures 5.2 and 5.3 Emissions by Building Type and Emissions by Use
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5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Planproducersofcarbon.Intermsofenergyuses,electricalequipment,cooling,fans,lighting,andheatingmakeupthelargestportionsofcarbonemittedbybuildingsoncampus.Thesearethecategorieswiththemostpotentialforenergyandemissionsreductions.
Emissions Projections
Carbon Reduction Scenarios
Usingthecurrentcarbonfootprintandanticipatedcampusgrowth,abase-casewasdevelopedprojectingPenn’sfutureGHGemissions.Underthis“business-as-usual”(BAU)scenario,assumingnocarbonreductionstrategiesareimplemented,Pennwouldnearlydoubleitstotalcarbonemissionsby2050.
WiththisBAUcaseasthestartingpoint,avarietyofalternatestrategieswerestudiedtodevelopscenariosforreducingthecarbonfootprint.Thepreferredscenariodescribesavarietyofindividualemissionsreductionsachievedthroughambitiousyetachievablestrategies.Thisplanbasestheshort-termcarbonreductionsonrealisticstrategiesthathavebeendemonstratedthroughon-campusprojects.Themid-andlong-termstrategiesassumesprogressivelymoreaggressivereductions,anticipatingadvancesintechnology,improvementsineconomicfeasibilityandincreasedcommunityawareness.
Usingtheassumptionsdescribedabove,alongwiththecontinuingpurchaseofRECsatapproximatelythecurrentlevel,Penn’splanforcarbonreductionhasthepotentialtoachievesignificantreductioninemissions.Thescenarios
presentedprovideaframeworkforidentifyingatargetdateforsignificantcarbonreduction.
TheBAU-casescenarioofprojectedemissionsfromtheUniversityassumesthatnonewcarbonreductionstrategiesareimplemented.Thisscenariostartedwiththecurrentcarbonfootprintextrapolatedintandemwithestimatesforcampusgrowth.Basedondataoverthelast20years,therateofgrowth(buildingsquarefootageandcampuspopulation)wasassumedtobeonepercentperyear.
Asecondsignificantgrowthfactorforcampusemissionisderivedfromthehistoricalanalysisofenergyuseandcampussize.Thesedocumentsshowasteadyincreaseinelectrical intensity(wattspersquarefoot)overtime:everyyeartheUniversityusesabout1.5percentmoreelectricityperbuildingarea.Thisgrowthrateisconsistentwithnationaltrends,andismainlyduetotheuseofmoredevicesdemandingelectricpower:computers,printers,scanners,copiers,andcell-phonechargers.
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FortheBAUbasesituation,itwasassumedthistrendwouldcontinue.
Usingthesetwobasicgrowthfactorsforcampussizeandelectricityuse,theprojectedincreaseoftheUniversity’semissionsareshownintheBAUgraph(Fig.5.4).Ifrecentpatternsofgrowthcontinueandnoeffortsaremadetoreduceenergyuse,theUniversitywilladdapproximately100,000MTCDEtoitsemissionsin20years,whichwouldnearlydoubleitstotalcarbonoutputby2050.Therearesignificantlimitationsinthissortoflong-termtrendanalysisandthesearereflectedinthefadingcolorsofthegraphafterthe20year
3 EnergyInformationAgency
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mark.However,asthejourneytoareducedcarbonfootprintwilltakemanyyears,along-termprojectionisneededtoprovideatargetforcarbonreductionscenarios.
Categories of Carbon Emissions
Tounderstandanddevelopascenarioforsignificantlyreducingthecarbonfootprint,Penn’semissionsoverthenext40yearshavebeenseparatedintofourbroadcategories.
1. Newemissionsduetoincreasedelectricintensity;
2. Newemissionsduetotheconstructionofnewbuildings;
3. Emissionsfromexistingbuildings;and4. Emissionsfromnon-buildingsources.
InFig.5.4,eachofthesecategoriesofcarbonemissionsisillustratedasacoloredarearepresentingthetotalexpectedemissionsintheBAUscenario.Eachmeasurebeginsatfiscalyear2009,andisextrapolatedtofiscalyear2050.Althoughthistimelineiswellbeyondtherangeofreasonableprediction,thesesimple,linearprojectionsallowforbroadcomparisons.
New emissions due to increased electric intensity
Asnotedabove,theamountofelectricityusedpersquarefootofbuildinghasincreasedsteadilyatarateofabout1.5percentperyearinexcessofthegrowthincampusbuildings.Asthistrendisprojectedforward,itdescribesasurprisinglylargenewwedgeofcarbonemissionsandwarrantsimmediateaction.Sincethisformofgrowthislargelydecentralized,
Figure 5.4 Base Case (Business-As-Usual)
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5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Planbothinthepurchaseofdevicesandintheiruseandoperation,itwillrequirearangeofmeasurestoreduceoreliminatethisgrowth(seeSection5.5:UtilitiesandOperations).
New emissions due to the construction of new buildings
Eachyear,newbuildingsareaddedtothecampus.Eachnewbuildingwillrequireadditionalenergyforitsoperations,andaddmorecarbontotheUniversity’semissions.Asindicatedintheprevioussection,thatrateofgrowthhasaveragedaboutonepercentayear,whichdefinestheslopeofthecarbonwedgeattributedtonewbuildings.Tolimitfurthergrowthofemissions,newbuildingsshouldbeasenergyefficientintheirdesignandoperationaspossible(seeSection5.6:PhysicalEnvironment).
Emissions from existing buildings
Existingbuildingsarecurrentlythelargestcontributorsofcarbononcampus(86percentoftotalemissions)andwillcontinuetobesofortheforeseeablefuture.Thiscategoryofemissionsobviouslyrepresentsthelargestopportunityforemissionsreduction(seeSection5.5:UtilitiesandOperations).Emissions from non-building sources
Emissionsduetonon-buildingsourcesareprimarilyduetoairtravelat8.2percent,followedbycommutingat3.5percent,andthenbysolidwasteat1.4percent.Naturalgas,fueloil,landscapemanagement,refrigerants,andfleetdieselandgasolinecombinedcontributeanegligibleamountofonly0.27percentof
totalemissionsfrom1990to2008(seeSection5.7:TransportationandSection5.8:WasteMinimizationandRecycling).
Carbon Reduction Plan
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
ReducingoreliminatingenergyconsumptionisthemostdirectmethodofreducingPenn’scarbonfootprint.Thefocusofthisplanisasetofstrategiestoachievesignificantreductionsinenergyuse,althoughitwillneverbefeasibleforthecampustostopusingenergycompletely.Evenwithsubstantialreductionsinenergyuse,Pennwillcontinuetohavecarbonemissionsuntilthepowersupplyisitselfcarbon-free.Renewableenergycertificatesprovideasecond-tierapproachtoreducethecampus’carbonfootprinttonearzero.Theseoffsetscanrangefromtheon-siteproductionofnon-emittingsourcesofpower,suchassolarenergy,orthepurchaseofgreenpowergeneratedelsewhere.In2004,theUniversitybegantopurchaseapercentageofitsannualelectricpowerfromwindgenerationthroughrenewableenergycertificates.Windpowerpurchasesareconsideredacarbonoffsetastheyhavelittleornocarbonemissionsassociatedwiththeirproduction.TheseRECsareamajorreasonwhytheUniversity’soverallcarbonemissionshavedeclinedoverthepastfiveyears,asseeninFig.5.1.
AfurtherconsiderationforcarbonreductionisAct213,signedintolawbyPennsylvaniaGovernorEdwardRendellinNovember2004.Thisact,alsoknownastheAlternativeEnergyPortfolioStandard(AEPS),requiresthatElectricDistributionCompanies(EDCs)
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provideacertainpercentageoftheirenergyfromalternativesystems,increasingfrom5.7percentin2007to18percentby2021.SourcesareclassedasTier1–traditionalrenewablessuchasbiomassandwind,Tier2–alternativesourcesincludingwastecoalanddemand-sidemanagement,andS-RECSforsolarenergy.AccordingtoPECO,thelargestelectricandnaturalgasutilityinPennsylvania,thetotalenvironmentalbenefitofthealternativeenergycreditpurchaseswillbethesameasplantingmorethan33milliontreesornotdriving428millionmiles.ForPenn,thisactmeansthattheamountofclean,emission-freepowerthatsuppliestheUniversitywillincrease,andthecarbonfootprintoftheelectricityavailableonthegridwillbelower,withlittleeffortonthepartoftheUniversity.ThereissomependinglegislationthatcouldsignificantlyincreasetheAEPSstandards;however,sincethisisstilltentative,theexistingAct213regulationshavebeenincorporatedintotheUniversity’splans.
ESAC Subcommittees and Additional Carbon Reduction Initiatives
AllsixESACsubcommitteescontributedusefulstrategiestoreducePenn’scarbonfootprint.ImplementingrecommendationsfromtheUtilitiesandOperationssubcommitteecanmakethemostsignificantandimmediatecarbonreductions.TheAcademicsandCommunicationsrecommendationsareunlikelytohavedirectcarbonreductions;theTransportationandtheWasteMinimizationandRecyclingrecommendationscanyieldsomesmallerannualcarbonreductions;andthePhysicalEnvironmentgroupyieldsindirectcarbonreductionsthroughimplementationofhigherbuildingstandards.Theexplanations
belowsummarizethetypesofimmediateinitiativesrecommendedbytheClimate Action Plan.
1. Utilities and Operations (Section5.5):Implementenergyconservationprograms,accelerateandre-focusfacilitiesrenewal,capitalprojectrenovations,andre-commissionexistingbuildings.
2. Physical Environment(Section5.6):DevelopnewstandardscompatiblewiththeLEEDratingsystem,incorporatestafftraining,andimprovelandscapemaintenanceprotocols.
3. Transportation (Section5.7): Promoteuseofalternativetransportation,provideincentivesfortheuseofpublictransit,improvebicycleandpedestriancampusinfrastructure,andimproveefficiencyofthePennvehiclefleet.
4. Waste Minimization and Recycling (Section5.8):Developacomprehensivepolicy,Universitystandards,andimprovedpurchasingpractices,anddisseminateinformationacrosscampus.
5. Academics(Section5.9):Enhanceundergraduate,graduate,andfacultysustainabilityeducationopportunities.
6. Communications(Section5.10):Developbranding,implementwebsitemaintenance,standardizemarketingandadvertisement,anddirectlyengagethetargetaudienceinordertoencouragebehaviorchange.
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5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Plan
Long-term Reduction Targets
Reduction Measures
StartingwiththeemissionsprojectionsintheBAUbasecase,anumberofpossiblescenarioswereanalyzedconsistingofvaryingcombinationsofcarbonandenergyreductionstrategies.TherecommendationsputforthintheClimate Action Plan’s UtilitiesandOperations,Transportation,WasteMinimizationandRecycling,andPhysicalEnvironmentsectionseachhaverecommendationsforcarbonreductionmeasuresthat,combined,produceascenarioforsignificantcarbonreductionsbymid-century.Thesereductions,asdictatedbythe
Climate Action Plan’s recommendations,werecalculatedusingacarboncalculatorcreatedbytheTCChanwithinputfortheWorldResourcesInstitutecarboncalculatorandonedevelopedbyHarvardUniversity.TheCarbon Reduction Action Plan,togetherwithmaintainingthecurrentamountofRECspurchasedeachyear,hasthepotentialtomakecrucialreductionsinPenn’scarbonfootprint.
Theplanfocusesonsixtargetedemissionsreductionmeasures:
1. Reductioninelectricintensity(watts/sf);2. Adoptionofhigherperformancestandardsfornewbuildings;
Carbon Reduction ScenarioLongterm Targets
Figure 5.5 Long-term Carbon Reductions
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3. Renovationofexistingbuildingstohigherenergystandards;
4. Re-commissionexistingbuildingsystems;
5. Improvementoftheefficiencyofexistingutilitiesandinfrastructure;and
6. Reductionofemissionsfromairtravel,solidwaste,Universityvehiclesandothersmallersources.
PotentialmeasuresforreducingemissionsareshownaswedgeshapedareasinFig.5.5.Theareaofeachwedgerepresentstheamountofcarbonthatcouldbeeliminatedovertimeiftheassociatedmeasuresareundertaken.
Reduce Electric Intensity
Thismeasureinvolveseliminatingthecurrent1.5percentannualgrowthinplugloads(electricintensitygrowth)andfurtherreducingthecurrentelectricconsumptionofcampusbuildings.Toachievethis,Pennwilldevelopandimplementeducationalprogramsthatfocusonoccupantbehaviormodification,andwillalsomodifytheprocurementprocessforequipment.Thismeasureisestimatedtoyieldanestimatedcarbonreductionof3,000MTCDEannuallyforthefirsttwoyears.Theamountofsavingsdecreasesto67percentoftheoriginalsavingsuntilfiscalyear2050.
Design High Performance New Buildings
Byadoptingenergyefficiencystandardssimilartothosesetbypeerinstitutionsfornewconstruction,substantialenergysavingscanbeachievedwithcost-effectiveinvestments.Thismeasureassumesthatanynewcampusbuildingswillbedesignedandconstructed
tomeetanequivalentofEnergyStar90,or30percentbelowAmericanSocietyofHeating,Refrigeration,andAirConditioningEngineers(ASHRAE)standard90.1.Thiswillyieldanannualcarbonreductionof2,673MTCDEwhichcontinuesthroughfiscalyear2050.
Renovate Existing Buildings to Higher Energy Standards
ThismeasureassumesthattheexistingbuildingsrenovatedeachyearareimprovedtoaminimumstandardofEnergyStar75orequivalent(somerecentlyrenovatedcampusbuildingshavealreadymetthisgoal).AfterthefirstfewyearsofimprovementtoEnergyStar75,thestandardwouldberaisedtoreachEnergyStar90standards.
RenovatingexistingbuildingsandsystemstoanEnergyStar75standardcouldyielduptoatenpercentannualpaybackontheinitialdollarinvestmentanduptoanannualestimatedcarbonreductionof14,000MTCDEforthefirstyearorso.Thisannualpaybackdecreasestoaround5,500MTCDEannuallyaftertheworstperformingbuildingshavebeenrenovated.Theannualcarbonreductionwillcontinuetoreduceinsavingsuntilitreachesabout1,500MTCDEinfiscalyear2040andlevelsoff.
Re-commission Existing Building Systems
Re-commissioninginvolvesadjustmentsandrecalibrationoftheenergyconsumingsystemssotheywilloperatemoreefficiently.Anticipatedcarbonreductionsintheplan,basedonaninitialsampleofbuildingsthatwerere-commissioned,are30percentsavingsforspecificbuildingsoverthefirstthreeyears
46
5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Planandagradualdecreasetoleveloffatninepercentofthosesavingsafterthe80worstperformingcampusbuildingshavebeenre-commissioned.Thissequencewillberepeatedeverytenyearstokeepbuildingsoperatingatoptimalperformance.Theassociatedreductionsassumethataminimumof600,000squarefeet(SF)ofbuildingsisre-commissionedannually,withahigherSFinthefirstfiveyearsasthelargestbuildingsarere-commissioned.Withtherecommendedinstallationofmetersineachcampusbuildings,accuraterecordingofeachbuilding’sindividualsteamandelectricconsumptionandsubsequentsavingswillbepossible.
Improve Efficiency of Existing Utilities
Thismeasureencompassesavarietyofinfrastructureimprovementstoincreaseenergyefficiency,includingstrategiestoreducesystemlossessuchasinsulatingsteamlinesandrepairingsystemleaks.Ithasbeenassumedthatafterfiscalyear2009,theutilitymeasuresareincreasedtoproduceanannualcarbon
reductionofapproximately2,000MTCDEuntilfiscalyear2014,andthencutbyhalftoproduceanestimatedannualcarbonreductionof900MTCDEuntilfiscalyear2024.Afterthefirst15years,thismeasureassumesthatalloftheexistingutilitieswillhavebeenimprovedtoabetterenergystandard.
Reduce Air Travel and Other Emissions
ThismeasureassumesthatthecarbonemissionsproducedbyboththeUniversity’sairtravelandbyallemissionsfromcommuting,fleet,solidwaste,naturalgas,anddieselgenerators,arecutbyonepercentannually.Thiscarbonreductionisrelativelysmallintheoverallwedgescenarioandisrepresentedasaverysmallsliverinthegraph.
Infutureyears,PennwillinvestigatealocalcarbonoffsetprogramwhereincarbonemissionsgeneratedbyUniversity-sponsoredairtravelareoffsetbydonationsfromtravelersintoafundusedtorenovateandweatherizelocalPenn-ownedapartmentbuildings.The
47
reducedemissionsfromthesemoreefficientbuildingswillbecreditedtotheUniversity.
Green Power RECs
ThisscenarioassumesthatthecurrentrateofwindpowerRECpurchasesat193,000kWhperyearwouldcontinueatthesamelevelforthefirstfiveyearsofthePlan.Overthenext15years,Pennwillcontinuetohaveasimilarlevelofcommitmenttogreenpowerinthefuture.Thismeasurewouldreducecarbonemissionsbyapproximately3,000,000MTCDE.
Individual Wedges or Pieces of the PlanEachindividualmeasureisaseparatewedgeinthechart(Fig.5.6).Inisolatingeachwedge
asanindividualpiece,itisevidenthowmuchimpacteachspecificmeasurecarriesonitsown.
Five-Year Reduction Targets
Thepreviousscenarioshowsalong-termapproachtoachievingcarbonreductionsatPenn.Fairlysignificantcarbonreductionsarepossiblewithinthefirstfiveyearsofthisplan,asseeninFig.5.7,andbyfiscalyear2014,thenetcarbonfootprintcandecreasearound160,000MTCDEor43percentfromtheBAU(theBAUlineat2014is300,000MTCDE)case,assumingcontinuedpurchaseofRECs.Thisisanactualreductionofapproximately108,000MTCDEor30percentfrom2008levels,notincludingtheeffectofwindRECs.Thefirstfive
Figure 5.6 Isolated Wedge Carbon Reductions
109,000 MTCDE
96,000 MTCDE
167,000 MTCDE
100,000 MTCDE
21,000 MTCDE
21,000 MTCDE
79,000 MTCDE
Reduce Electric Intensity
Design New High-Performance Buildings
Recommission Existing Building Systems
Improve Efficiency of Existing Utilities
Reduce Air Travel and Other Emissions
Incremental Increase in RECs Purchases
Renovate Existing Buildings to Higher Energy Standards
48
5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Plan
yearsareanindicatorofwhatmeasurescanoccurimmediatelytostarttheUniversityonapathtothereductionoftheoverallcarbonfootprintbyfiscalyear2050.Thefollowingassumptionsandprojectionsrelatetothe2009to2014timeframe.
Reduce Electric Intensity
Reducingelectricintensityinvolveseliminatingthecurrent1.5percentannualgrowthinplugloads(electricintensitygrowth)andreducingthecurrentelectricconsumptionincampusbuildingsbyimplementingtwoprograms:educationalprogramsthatfocusonoccupantbehaviormodification,andarevised
procurementprocessforequipment.Thefirsttwoyearsstartoffwithhigherinitialcarbonreductionstoyieldaround3,900MTCDEeachyear.Thenextthreeyearstaperofftheestimatedamountofcarbonsavingsto2,600MTCDEeachyear.Thedecreaseoccursduetotheinabilitytosustainthehigherinitialsavingsoncethebehaviormodificationprogramshavebeeninplace.
Renovate Existing Buildings to Higher Energy Standards
Implementinghigherenergystandardsassumesthattheexistingbuildingsrenovatedeachyearareimprovedtoaminimumstandard
Carbon Reduction Scenario5 Year Targets
Figure 5.7 Five Year Short Term Targets
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ofEnergyStar75.Thefirstfewyearsofrenovationwillyieldahigherenergysavingsbyselectingtheworstperformingcampusbuildingstorenovateimmediately.Thefirsttwoyearsyielda10percentannualpaybackontheinitialdollarinvestment.Followingthis,therewillbeanincrementaldecreasetofivepercentannualpaybackinfiscalyear2012andafurtherdecreasetothreepercentinfiscalyear2013andfiscalyear2014.
Re-commission Existing Building Systems
Toachievetheestimatedcarbonemissionsreductions,there-commissioningprojectswilltacklethesystemsoftheworsteightperformingbuildingsinthefirstyearandwillinstallmeterstocontinuetotrackenergyuse.Thefirstfiveyearscarryapossible10percentenergysavingsbasedontheaveragekBTU/SFof210.40fortheworst40performingcampusbuildingssurveyedintheBPAT+.Thesereductionsassumere-commissioningeightbuildingseachyearwithFY2010includingre-commissioningthefollowingbuildingstotaling961,300squarefeet:
• LevineHall• SkirkanichHall• VagelosLaboratories• StellarChanceLaboratories• Chemistry1973wing• VeterinaryMedicineQuadrangle• SteinbergConferenceCenter• MeyersonHall
Forthenextfouryears—untilfiscalyear2014—thereductionsassumethatanothereight
buildingsofasimilarsizeof961,300willbechoseneachyear.
Improve Efficiency of Existing Utilities
Utilityinfrastructureprogramsareexpectedtoincreaseenergyefficiencyintheoverallsystem.Thefirstfiveyearsofactivityproducesanestimatedannualcarbonreductionof1,500MTCDE.Thismeasureyieldsathree-yearpaybackontheinitialdollarinvestmentforthefirstfiveyearsofimplementation.
Reduce Air Travel and Other Emissions
ThismeasureassumesthatthecarbonemissionsproducedbytheUniversity’sairtraveliscutbyonepercentannuallyaswellasallemissionsfromcommuting,fleet,solidwaste,naturalgasanddieselgeneratorsarecutbyonepercentannually.
Green Power (RECs at current level)
ThisscenarioassumesthatthecurrentrateofwindpowerRECpurchases193,000kWh/yrwouldsimplybecontinuedoverthefirstfiveyears.Thiswouldyieldanestimatedannualcarbonoffset(orsavingsfromtheBAUbaseline)of60,000MTCDE.
Cost Savings for Five-Year Plan
TheinitialfiveyearsoftheClimate Action PlanhavebeenprojectedintheUniversitybudget,andareshowninAppendixB.Foreachyear,aninitialimplementationcostisdeterminedalongwiththeexpectedenergy,carbon,andfinancialsavings.Thefirstfiveyearsoftheplanwillrequireasignificantadditionalinvestment
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5.1 Carbon Reduction Action Planwitharelativelyhighcostsavingspotentialandanestimatedcarbonreductionof100,000MTCDE.ThesavingsfiguresforthefirstfiveyearsdonotincludethecosttopurchaseRECsorthecarbonsavingsassociatedwithRECs.SeeAppendixBforbudgetinformation.
Carbon Reduction Action Plan Recommendations
WiththisCarbon Reduction Action Plan,theUniversityhastakenanimportantsteptowardsaseriousandsustainedreductioninenergyconsumption,avoidingfuturecostsandreducingcarbonemissions.ThepreparationofthisPlan,andthatoftheClimate Action Plan,andthediscussionsinESACsubcommitteeshaveunderlinedtheimportanceofextendingthisenergyefficiencyandconservationworkinawaythatengagestheentirecampuspopulation.TheleadershipprovidedbythePresidentandtheadministrationhavebeeninstrumentalinrealizingthesePlansandthesuccessesachievedthusfar—andwillbenecessarytorealizeadditionalenergysavings.
Acentralprincipleadvancedinthefirstsustainabilityplan,Phase I: Environmental Performance Indicators and Development of
Campus Building Energy Management Decision Management Decision Making Tool (2006)is:“ifyoucan’tmeasureit,youcan’tmanageit.”TheBPAT+buildingauditsprovidedthefirstbuilding-levelenergyconsumptiondataonthecampusandhaveprovenessentialtothepreparationofthisplanandfuturemanagementofbuildingenergyassetsattheUniversity–butrealconsumptiondataisnecessaryforthenextsteps.WhileBPAT+providesusefulstrategicdataandcanenablescenariotesting,actualmetereddataisrequiredtoverifyanyreductionsascommercialvendorsbegintotakepartinenergyreductionprogramsandachieveactualEnergyStaroperationalratings.Meteredutilitydataalsoprovidesthematerialtomoreequitablydistributecosts,sharesavings,andprovideincentivestoschoolsandcenters.Stagedmeteringwillbepartofanorganizedprogramofreformingtheallocationofutilitycosts–aplanthatpreparesandprotectstheschoolsandcentersfromunexpectedchangesincosts(seeSection5.5:UtilitiesandOperations).
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5.2 Carbon Inventory Fiscal Year 2007
Scope 1 Emissions 900Scope 2 Emissions 310,000Scope 3 Emissions 50,000Total Emissions (Scopes 1+2) 310,900
Gross Emissions (Scope 1+2+3) 360,000
Net Emissions (Minus RECs) 296,000
AgricultureEmissions from Natural Gas 500Emissions from #2 Oil 60Emissions from RefrigerantsEmissions from Fleet 200Other (Scope 1 Total) 900
Emissions from Electricity 240,000Emissions from Steam 69,000
Emissions from Commuting 13,000Emissions from Solid Waste 5,000Emissions from Air Travel 32,000
0
n/a
50,000.00
100,000.00
150,000.00
200,000.00
250,000.00
300,000.00
350,000.00
400,000.00
FY90
FY91
FY92
FY93
FY94
FY95
FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
FY04
FY05
FY06
FY07
FY08
FY09
MTC
DE
Total Campus Emissions Over Time
RECs purchase
Elec Minus Recs
Steam
Air Travel
Commuting
Solid Waste
Other
President Amy Gutmann signed the American College & University Presidents Climate Commitment (ACUPCC)Start of Aircuity pilot program for energy conservation in Penn labs
FY07 At a Glance:
Start of Harnwell College House Utility Project for measuring dailyresidence hall energy usageStart of the Light Bulb Exchange Program to replace incandescent bulbs in residence halls with compact flourescent bulbsStart of the Orth-Rodgers “Campus Circulation: A Study of Multi-Modal Access
Other , 900 MTCDE,
Electricity, 240,000 MTCDE,
Steam, 69,000 MTCDE,
Commuting, 13,000 MTCDE,
Solid Waste, 5,000 MTCDE,
Air Travel, 32,000 MTCDE,
Scope 1, 2 & 3 Emissions by Source
66%
19%
4%
2%9%
.3%Summary of Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 1 Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 2 Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 3 Emissions (MTCDE)
FY07Campus Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
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Scope 1 Emissions 900Scope 2 Emissions 308,000Scope 3 Emissions 46,000Total Emissions (Scopes 1+2) 309,900
Gross Emissions (Scope 1+2+3) 355,900
Net Emissions (Minus RECs) 250,000
AgricultureEmissions from Natural Gas 600Emissions from #2 Oil 60Emissions from RefrigerantsEmissions from Fleet 200Other (Scope 1 Total) 900
Emissions from Electricity 238,000Emissions from Steam 70,000
Emissions from Commuting 12,000Emissions from Solid Waste 4,000Emissions from Air Travel 29,000
0
n/a
50,000.00
100,000.00
150,000.00
200,000.00
250,000.00
300,000.00
350,000.00
400,000.00
FY90
FY91
FY92
FY93
FY94
FY95
FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
FY04
FY05
FY06
FY07
FY08
FY09
MTC
DE
Total Campus Emissions Over Time
RECs purchase
Elec Minus Recs
Steam
Air Travel
Commuting
Solid Waste
Other
Appointed the University’s first environmental sustainability coordinator Start of RecycleMania, a competition among colleges and universities nationwide to have the highest recycling rate
FY08 At a Glance:
Pilot for a potential City of Philadelphia bike sharing programCompletion of the first campus green-roof atop Kings Court/English House
Other , 900 MTCDE,
Electricity, 238,000 MTCDE,
Steam, 70,000 MTCDE,
Commuting, 12,000 MTCDE,
Solid Waste, 4,000 MTCDE,
Air Travel, 29,000 MTCDE,
Scope 1, 2 & 3 Emissions by Source
20%
3%
1%8%
.3%
67%
Summary of Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 1 Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 2 Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 3 Emissions (MTCDE)
FY08Campus Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory5.3 Carbon Inventory Fiscal Year 2008
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5.4 Carbon Inventory Fiscal Year 2009
Scope 1 Emissions 900Scope 2 Emissions 307,700Scope 3 Emissions 47,300Total Emissions (Scopes 1+2) 308,700
Gross Emissions (Scope 1+2+3) 356,000
Net Emissions (Minus RECs) 294,400
AgricultureEmissions from Natural Gas 600Emissions from #2 Oil 60Emissions from RefrigerantsEmissions from Fleet 200Other (Scope 1 Total) 900
Emissions from Electricity 235,000Emissions from Steam 72,500
Emissions from Commuting 11,500Emissions from Solid Waste 3,800Emissions from Air Travel 32,000
0
n/a Completion and launch of the Climate Action Plan
Installation of Aircuity lab ventilation monitoring systemin Fisher Translational Research Center
FY09 At a Glance:
Launch of the Green Fund, a sustainability project financing program Completed optimization of 9 campus buildings including: CRB, Van Pelt Library, Dietrich Library, Harnwell,Houston Hall, Huntsman Hall, Lynch Life Sciences, McNeal, and Shattner.
Other , 900 MTCDE,
Electricity, 235,000 MTCDE,
Steam, 72,500 MTCDE,
Commuting, 11,500 MTCDE,
Solid Waste, 3,800 MTCDE,
Air Travel, 32,000 MTCDE,
Scope 1, 2 & 3 Emissions by Source
20.5%
3%
1%9%
.2%
66%
Summary of Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 1 Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 2 Emissions (MTCDE)
Scope 3 Emissions (MTCDE)
FY09Campus Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
50,000.00
100,000.00
150,000.00
200,000.00
250,000.00
300,000.00
350,000.00
400,000.00
FY90
FY91
FY92
FY93
FY94
FY95
FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
FY04
FY05
FY06
FY07
FY08
FY09
MTC
DE
Total Campus Emissions Over Time
RECs purchase
Elec Minus Recs
Steam
Air Travel
Commuting
Solid Waste
Other
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Background
ThroughoutthehistoryoftheUniversityofPennsylvania,sustainablepracticesforbuildingoperationsandutilitymanagementhavebeenintegratedintotheplanningandexpansionofthecampus.Sustainabilityplanninghasbeenextendedtothepresentdaywithahostofmeasurestoconserveenergyandreducethecostofcampusutilities.
Chiller Plant
Recognizingtheefficiencyofcentralizedheatingandcoolingplants,Pennembarkedonbuildingacentralchilledwaterandsteamdistributionsystemmorethan20yearsago.Thecampuschilledwaterloopwascompletedin2008:acircuitofoversevenmilesofundergroundpipingdeliveringcoolingtoPenn’sbuildingsacrosscampus.TheModule6ChillerPlant(Mod6),builtin1995,usesa4,000-tonicetanktoboostenergyefficiencyandcostsavings.Theplantfreezeswateratnightwhenenergycostsarelowtoprovidesupplementaldaytimecoolingcapacity,reducingPenn’sburdenontheregionalelectricalgridwhilesavingmoney.Theplantprovidesenoughcoolingcapacitytocoolmorethan4,500houses.
In1998,Penncompletedtheconstructionofanevenlargerremotefacility–theModule7ChillerPlant(Mod7)–toreplacenumeroussmallerunitsandcompressorsscatteredthroughthecampus.BothMod6andMod7usecoolerambientairtemperaturesduringvaryingseasonstocutthecostsofcooling.Itscompletionimprovedefficiencyofthechilledwateroperationsconsiderably,andcombinedwiththecompletionofthedistributionloop,saves$5millionannuallyinenergycosts.
Operations Control Center
Penn’sOperationsControlCenter(OCC),createdin2001attheFacilitiesandRealEstateServices(FRES)offices,controlsandmonitorsutilitiesfortheentirecampus.TheOCCtracksover130,000heating,ventilation,airconditioning,andelectricalusecontrolpointscrosscampus.Fromthiscentral,constantlymonitoredlocation,FRESstaffcanregulatePenn’sutilitydistribution,theoperationofairhandlingunitsacrosscampus,andtemperaturecontrolsatmostcampusbuildings.SophisticateddemandmanagementpracticesallowPenntoavoidcostlypeakutilitychargesandconserveenergyyear-round.
5.5 Utilities and OperationsConserve Energy
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Electricalpowerdistributiononcampusfromsixsubstations,alsomonitoredfromtheOCC,allowssupervisorstoadjustthechillerplantandairhandleroperationsinrealtimetomeetPenn’sdesignatedtargetforelectricalconsumption.
Building Optimization Projects
ThroughthepartnershipwiththeTCChanCenterasnotedinSection4,aseriesofcampusbuildingswerechosentobestudiedforenergyefficiencyimprovements,startingwithatwo-buildingpilotin2006.Sincethen,atotalof15campusbuildingshavebeenstudiedforpossibleenergyimprovementsincludinglaboratories,residentialhighrises,classroombuildings,andlibraries.TheTCChanCenterexaminedeachbuilding’sheating,ventilating,andairconditioning(HVAC)system,tookstockoflightingconditionsandschedules,checkedcontrolsystemsforerrorsandimpropersetpoints,anddeterminedtheoverallbuilding’susageschedules.InformationcollectedduringtheseoptimizationstudieswasgiventoFRESOperations,whothencoordinatedwiththecustomerstoimplementthesuggestedimprovements,reducingenergyconsumptionandutilitiescosts.
Mission
ThemissionoftheUtilitiesandOperationssubcommitteeistoincreaseenergyefficiencyandreduceenergyconsumptiononcampus.
Target
• Establishafiscal year 2010 energy conservation goal of five percent fortheentirePenncampusrelativetothefiscalyear2007load.Thisconservationgoaltogetherwithothercampus-widecarbonreductionefforts,willcontributetoasevenpercentreductionintotalcarbonemissions.
• Establishafiscal year 2010 to 2014 energy conservation goal of 18 percent fortheentirePenncampusrelativetothefiscalyear2007baselineload.Thisconservationgoalcorrespondswitha23percentreductionintotalcarbonemissions.
Recommendations
A. Eliminate the growth in electrical usage in existing buildings through education and management.
1. FRESisworkingwithaconsultanttodeveloptrainingpackagesforbuildingstaffandbuildingoccupants;duringthesummer2009,asustainabilityassociatewithspecificinsightintothestudentbodyworkedwiththeconsultanttohonemessagesforthereturnofthestudentpopulation;
2. NewStudentOrientationmessageswillfocusonenergyandresourcesavings;and
3. Educationandmanagementprograms(suchasstaffandstudent
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5.5 Utilities and OperationsEco-Repsprograms)willbedevelopedtoreduceenergyusebybetweenonepercentand1.5percentannuallyfromthefiscalyear2007energybaseline.
B. Improve and enforce building performance standards.
SupportdevelopmentofanEnergyMan-agementTeam(FRESstaffwithrepre-sentativesfromschoolsandcenters),toevaluateandenforcetheenergypolicystandards;
1. AdoptperformancestandardsforallnewbuildingsequaltoEnergyStar75,withananticipatedincreasetoEnergyStar90inthefuture;
• TheUSGreenBuildingCouncil’sLEEDSilverratingwillbringnewbuildingsclosetotheEnergyStar75standard,buteachbuildingmustbeassessedindividuallytomeasuretheEnergyStarRating;and
• TheEnergyStarratingstandardincreasewillbeevaluatedonacase-by-casebasisforcost-benefitanalysistoincreasefromEnergyStar75toEnergyStar90.
2. ContinuetorenovateexistingbuildingstoanequivalentofEnergyStar75.
• ThisstandardisachievedbyPenn’stypicalenergyrelatedbuildingrenovations;
• AhigherEnergyStarratingwouldbringadditionalmarginalenergy
savings,butthehighercostwouldmeanthatfewerrenovationscouldbemadeannually;and
• ItisrecommendedthatmorebuildingsarebroughttotheEner-gyStar75levelfirst,whichwouldresultingreaterenergysavings,inadditiontosavingsonfuturemaintenance.
C. Improve the efficiency of existing utility and distribution systems.
1. Insulateallun-insulatedcampussteampipesandreplaceinefficientinsulationwhenfound;
2. Improvecampuswaterusageviarepairandreplacementtoexistingcampusirrigationsystem;and
3. Improveventilationratesincampuslaboratorybuildingstoreduceoverallcampusenergyusage;
• Energysavingsexpectedforalloftheabovemeasuresarebasedonathreeyearorlesspaybackuponinitialinvestment.
D. Adopt basic conservation measures, implement and monitor building metering, and revise utility cost allocations to provide incentives for improvements.
1. Basicconservationmeasuresincludereplacingbathroomandtoiletroomfixturestosavewater,re-lampingprojectstoprovidemoreefficientlighting,andinstallingoccupancysensorstogaindaylightingbenefits;
57
2. Sub-meterselectcampusbuildingsforelectricitytotrackspecificusage(suchasserverfarmsandlaboratories);and
3. Increasesub-meteringtoeventuallysub-metertheentirecampuswithremotemeterstotrackindividualbuildingusage.
E. Re-commission eight buildings each year and add meters to an additional eight buildings.
1. ThisworkisacontinuationoftheTCChanbuildingoptimizationprojects;and
2. Anticipatedenergyandcarbonreductionsarebasedona10percentenergysavingsincampusbuildingsoncere-commissioningiscompleted.
F. Investigate alternative sources of local renewable energy to determine the most cost-effective type.
1.Exploretheresearchcarriedoutin2008onimplementingapower-purchaseagreementforautility-scaleinstallationofphoto-voltaicpanelsonroofsandattheNewBoltonCenter;researchmicro-windturbinesoncampus;and
2.Exploretheinstallationofahydrogenfuelingstationoncampus.
G. Continue purchase of Renewable Energy Certificates.
1. PenniscurrentlythenumberonepurchaserofwindpowerRenewableEnergyCertificates(RECs)amonginstitutionsofhighereducation,
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5.5 Utilities and Operationsatarateof193,000kilowatthoursannually;
2. DeterminetheamountofRECsPennwillneedtopurchaseovertimeanddevelopalong-termprocurementplan;and
3. EvaluatetheRECsthatmakethemostpositiveimpactforPennandtheenvironment.
H. Develop an incentive program for schools and centers that show a significant decrease in their environmental footprint.
1. Determinewhatpracticeshavethegreatestimpactonenergyreduction;
2. Determinewhatkindofcredits/awardscanbeofferedtoschoolsbasedonwhichenergyreductionpracticestheyadopt;and
3. Proposealternativesandmodificationstothecurrentallocatedcostmodelforutilityexpensestocaptureannualenergysavingsasanincentivetocontinueenergyreductionpractices;
Progress
OncetheaboverecommendationswereacceptedwithsupportfromEnvironmentalSustainabilityAdvisoryCommittee(ESAC),workbeganimmediatelyonimplementingtheproposedplantoimprovetheUniversity’sutilitymanagementandoperations.FRESstaffhasupdatedenergystandardsforbuildingrenovations,initiatedpilotstudies
totestnewenergy-reducingtechnologiesincampusbuildings,installednewenergyefficientproducts,andispilotingabehavior-changeprogram–GreeningFRES–atthefacilitiesofficetoleadbyexample.Currentimplementationactivitiesinclude:
TC Chan Center Building Optimization Projects
Aftertheinitialsetofeightbuildingoptimizationstudieswascomplete,anoptimizationteamwithinFRESwasprovidedwiththeenergyconsumptiondataforeachbuildingandalistofcontroldeficienciesormalfunctionsfoundduringthestudy.Therepairitemswereprioritizedaccordingtopotentialenergysavingsandtheircost.
Inadditiontothepilotbuildings–JonM.HuntsmanHallandtheRobertSchattnerCenter-14additionalbuildingswerestudiedin2008and2009:HoustonHall,ClinicalResearchBuilding,BiomedicalResearchBuilding2,VanPeltLibrary,CarolynLynchLaboratory,HarnwellCollegeHouse,McNeilBuilding,PottruckCenter,SkirkanichHall,HillPavilion,DietrichGraduateLibrary,StellarChanceLaboratories,VagelosLaboratories,andLevineHall.ThenextbuildingstobestudiedforoptimizationareMeyersonHall,ChemistryLaboratories1973Wing,RyanVeterinaryHospital,andtheTowneBuilding.
Aircuity Pilot Program for Lab Safety and Ventilation
Laboratoryventilationisaprimecandidateforenergyreduction,asventilationsystemsaretypicallydesignedtoprovidehighair
59
changeratestokeepoccupantssafefromthebuild-upofnoxiousordangerousfumesthatareoftenproductsofbio-medicalorchemicalresearch.Typicalsystemsrelyonhighairchangetomaintainasafeenvironment,butarenotcapableofdetectingabuild-upofcontaminantsorvaryingtherateofairflowbasedonneedoroccupancy.Thisresultsinconditionedairexhaustedveryquickly,requiringreconditioningoffreshairatahighrate,withaccompanyinghighelectricityloadofthepumps,fans,motors,andblowers.Inaddition,theuseoffumehoodsystemsinlabenvironments–again,toremovecontaminatedorpotentiallycontaminatedairfromthelabspacequickly-alsocontributestoheavyenergydemandofthehighvolumeventilationsystems.Theresultisasafe,butextremelycostlytooperate,labenvironment.
Toreducetheairchangesperhourwithoutsacrificingtheindoorairquality,theUniversitypilotedthe‘Aircuity’airmonitoringsystemin2007.Thissystemiscomprisedofairsamplingtubeswithinlabsorvivariawithacentralizedairqualitymonitoringsystemslocatedsomewherewithinthebuilding.Anautomaticallycontrolledvacuumpumpdrawsairfromeachlabintothemonitoringstation,wheretheairistestedtodetermineconcentrationsofsixkeycontaminants.Ifthesecontaminantsarewithinsetparameters,theair-flowrateiskeptstable,butifaspikeinconcentrationofoneormorecontaminantsisdetected,thesystemautomaticallyrampsuptheairexhaustsystem,flushingthelabwithcleanconditionedair.Insteadofconstanthighvolume,thelabisservedwithjustasmuchairasneeded,butretainsthecapacitytoboosttheairchangesasrequired.
AtPenn,thepilotstudyestablishedthesuitablelocationsforinstallationoftheAircuitysystem,evaluatedthesystemcost,andassessedthepotentialcarbonandenergysavings.Thepilotcontinuedinto2008withtheinstallationofAircuitysystemsinavivariumsuiteinHillPavilionandalabsuiteinLynchLifeSciencesBuilding.
Significantenergysavingshavealreadybeenrealizedinbothbuildingswithoutanydegradationofindoorairquality.FromOctober2008toJanuary2009,therehasbeena23percentreductioninenergyuseinLynchLifeSciencesBuildingandsimilarsavingsinHillPavilion.TheexpectedutilitiescostsavingsforHillPavilionandLynchLifeSciencescombinedisabout$40,000annually.SincetheinstallationofthepilotAircuitysystem,significantenergysavingshavebeenrealizedwithnodeteriorationinindoorairqualityandestimatedpaybackperiodsoflessthantwoyears.ThepilotprogramisnowbeingexpandedtoothervivariaaswellastotheFisherTranslationalResearchCenter,nowunderconstruction.Theover$650,000investmentwillberecoupedfromenergysavingsinanestimatedtwoyears.
Installation of Zone Presence Sensors in Labs
Toreduceenergyassociatedwiththeexhaustionofconditionedairthroughfumehoods,PennhasinstalledZonePresenceSensors(ZPS)onthefaceoffumehoodsinseveralbuildings.Thisdevicedetectsthepresenceofatechnicianatthefumehood:ifthereisnotechnician,thesystemlowerstheairflowfacevelocityatthehoodandreducestheexhaustrate.ZPSunitshave
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5.5 Utilities and OperationsbeeninstalledinVagelosLaboratories,withpossibleexpansionoftheprojectintootherlaboratorybuildingsinthenearfuture.ThesavingsexpectedfromtheZPSunitsinVagelosLaboratoriesareapproximately$115,000annuallyifimplementedacrosscampus,withareductionincarbonofaround100MTCDEannually.
Remote Metering of Campus Buildings
Untilrecently,Penn’sacademiccampusbuildingshaveonlyhadmanual-readmeterstomeasureelectricalconsumptiononabuilding-by-buildingbasis.Inordertomonitorenergyconsumptionandprovideamoreaccessible
graphicdisplayinterface,moresophisticated
remotemetersarebeinginstalledtodigitallytransferandarchiveelectrical,steam,andchilledwaterdataonadailybasis.Around20campusbuildingshavealreadyhadremotemetersinstalledforelectrical,steam,andchilledwater.Theremotemetersarebeinginstalledfirstatthebuildingsthatusethemostenergyandinconjunctionwiththebuildingoptimizationprojects.
Insulation of Existing Campus Steam Pipes and Manholes
SincetheUniversityisanolderurbancampus,theexistingsteampipesandmanholesrangeinageandlevelofinsulation.Inanefforttoreducesteamsystemlinelosses,FRESOperationsbeganidentifyingandreplacingdefectiveinsulationandrepairingagingmanholesin2008.Thepotentialsavingsisabout$300,000inthefirstyear–anoverallsimplepaybackofthreeyearsorless.
Residential Hall Monitoring (Harnwell College House Utility Project)
Inthefallof2007,aPennalumnusprovidedmatchingfundstobeginapilotprogramtomeasureandpubliclydisplayreal-timeutility
The Harnwell College House Utility Project allows students to witness firsthand how much energy savings are possible by making small behavioral modifications.
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consumptioninformationintherecentlyrenovatedHarnwellCollegeHouse.Theprogramenablesstudentstounderstandhowmuchenergyisrequiredtoheatandcooltheirresidences,andthroughvoluntaryreportingofenergyuseby12suitesofstudents,comparetheenergyuseofanindividualsuitewiththeentire22-storycollegehouse.
Studentslivinginthe12studysuitesvolunteeredtodownloaddatafromsensorsandprovidetheirdatatotheTCChanCenterforanalysis.RealtimeenergyusedataforthebuildingisavailableonlineorataLCDtouchscreeninthelobbyofHarnwell24hoursaday.Theintentofthisprojectallowsstudentstowitnessfirsthandhowmuchenergysavingsarepossiblebymakingsmallbehavioralmodificationssuchasturningofflights,shorteningshowertimes,usinglessairconditioninginthesummermonths,andlimitingthequantityofelectronicdevicestheyusedaily.
Adopting Higher Performance Standards for Existing Building Renovations
AspartofPenn’stypicaldeferredmaintenanceprogram,theUniversityhasbeguntoraisethepriorityofenergy-savingrenovations.Energy-relatedprojectshavebecomeoneofthehighestpriorityprojects,andarenowaddressedfirsttomeetEnergyStarstandardsforbuildingrenovations.Also,toimproveindoorairquality,theconstructionguidelinesforinteriorrenovationhavenowbeenrevisedtoeliminateproductsthatproducesignificantvolatileorganiccompound(VOC)levels.
State Legislation
OnOctober15,2008,GovernorRendellsignedAct129whichworksintandemwithAct213,theAlternativeEnergyPortfolioStandard(AEPS).Inadditiontotheoverallgoalofreducingenergyconsumptionanddemandacrossthestate,itexpandsthedefinitionofTier1alternativeenergysources.UnderAct129,eachofthesevenmajorelectricdistributioncompanies(EDCs)inPennsylvania(thosewithatleast100,000customers)aremandatedtodevelopandfileanenergyefficiencyandconservationplan,detailingtheachievementofa1percentreductioninconsumptionbyMay31,2011,anda4.5percentreductioninpeakdemandbyMay31,2013.
Toachievethisreduction,energycompanieshavealsobeendirectedtoprovideenergyefficiencyandconservationtoolsandtipstotheircustomersandprovideenergyefficiencyanddemand-sideresponseprograms.Alargepartoftheirprogramswillbetheprovisionandinstallationof‘smartmeters,’whichwillsupplyconsumerswithinformationaboutenergyconsumptionpatterns.Consumersarethenabletoaltertheirconsumptionpatternstotakeadvantageofperiodswhenpowerpricesarelower,thussavingmoneyandlesseningoverallpeakdemand.Act129requiresthattheutilitycompaniesprovidetheircustomerswithsmartmeterswithin15years.Anothersignificanttoolisfinancialincentivesthatwillbeprovidedtolargeinstitutionalconsumersbyenergycompaniestodecreasetheirenergydemand.
Pennwillbenefitfromtheseconsumptionreductionmandates,becausetheUniversitywillhaveadditionaltoolstohelpmeetenergy
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5.5 Utilities and Operationsreductiongoals.BoththetechnologyofsmartmeteringandfinancialincentivestoreduceconsumptionwillplayaroleinallowingtheschoolsandcentersattheUniversitytotakeownershipoftheirenergyconsumption,andsupportabroad-basedconservationattitudethroughoutPenn.
Responsibility
ImplementationwillbecarriedoutbyFRESOperations,withthesupportofESACsubcommitteemembers,staffandstudentEco-Reps.DirectionbyandsupportfromtheOfficeofthePresident,theExecutiveVicePresident’sOffice,andtheProvost’sOfficewillbeinstrumentaltothesuccessofthesegoalsaswellashelpfromeveryschool,center,anddivision.
Metered Energy Usage Data
Themainprocessoftrackingutilitiesandoperationsenergyreductionswillbethroughtheuseofmonitoringthemanuallyreadmeterstotrackactualelectricalusage,witheventualupgradestothedigitalmeteringsystem.ThemonthlymeterdatawillberecordedandarchivedontheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsitetodevelopmonthlyandyearlytrends,aspublicindicatorsontheprogress
oftheClimate Action Planrecommendations.Asinfrastructureandbuildingupgradesareexecuted,andbehaviormodificationprogramsimpactenergyconsumption,theentireUniversitycommunitywillbeabletoseetherealizedenergysavings.TrackingSustainableInitiativesinOperationsandMaintenance
FRESstaff(OperationsandtheOfficeoftheUniversityArchitect)willrecordallchangesinenergystandardsincludingupdatestoASHRAEandcodestandardsreferencedbytheUniversitythathaveenergyandutilitiesimpacts.Staffwillrecordanysustainableinitiativesimplementedannually,suchascapitalimprovements,renovationstoEnergyStarlevels,andimplementationofre-commissioningwork.
Funding
FRESwillfinancetheimplementationoftheUtilitiesandOperationsenergyreductionactivities,withsupportfromindividualschoolsandcenterswhereappropriate.CapitalimprovementswillremainfundedthroughthecapitalbudgetandtheFacilitiesRenewalFund.Forfurtherinformationonfunding,seeAppendixB.
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Background
The University of Pennsylvania is a 96-acre,contiguousurbancampusconsistingofover12million square feet in 182buildings, excludingthe hospital complex. The structures range inage from theCivicHouse, built in 1850 to thepresentday.
Design Guidelines and Review of Campus Projects
WellbeforetheadventoftheClimate Action Plan,theUniversitymaintainedahighstandardforadaptivereuse,sustainabledesign,andthematerialsusedforitsbuildingprojects.InherentinalloftheplanningandconstructionactivitiesistheunderstandingthattheUniversitybuildsandmanagesitsassetswithlong-termownershipinmind,andthatdecisionsmadetodaywillcommittheUniversitytomaintenance,utility,andoperationalcostsforyearstocome.Life-cyclecosting,or“totalcostofownership”analysisareimplicitinPenn’scapitalplanningandrenovationplanningprocess.Pennalsorealizesthepotentialforsubstantialcarbonemissionreductionsandcostsavingsassociatedwiththeoperationofbuildingsasdesigned.
The“DesignGuidelinesandReviewofCampusProjects,”approvedbytheTrusteesin2002,outlinesthecampusstandardsfordesign,construction,andtheformaldesignreviewprocessconsistentwiththisattitude.Includedinthisdocumentisasectionon“ResponsibleUseofEnergyandNaturalResources.”Accordingtotheguidelines:
Each project should undertake a comprehensive analysis to diminish the use of energy and reduce the use of non-renewable resources. The University intends to be a leader and champion of environmentally sensitive design, demanding innovation and creativity from our design consultants and helping to educate our community. The University is committed to creating a campus environment that moves beyond merely sustainable, to one that actively improves the quality of life and the environment for its users.
Goals set out in the 2002 guidelines include:
• Sitingnewstructuresmindfuloforientation,shadingandtheeffectonadjacentbuildingsandspaces;
• Reducingdependenceonnon-renewableresourcesbyusingappropriaterecycledmaterialsandbypromotingadaptivereuseofexistingstructures;
5.6 Physical EnvironmentDesign Green
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• Reducingmarginalenergycostsbypromotingselectionoflocallymanufacturedorfabricatedproductsandmaterials;
• Usinglandscapedesigntocreatehealthyandecologicallyappropriatespaces,providepleasantoutdoorenvironments,reduceexteriorlightingdemandandminimizestormwaterrunoff;
• Minimizingmaintenanceandoperatingcostsbyemployingwhole-systemslife-cycleevaluationtodeterminethetrueprojectcosts,andbyintegratinginnovativedaylightingandbuildingengineeringsolutionsatprojectinception;
• Improvingindoorenvironmentalquality;
• Adoptingmonitoring,measuring,andfeedbacksystemstoestablishbaselinesofenergyusageandbuildingperformance,againstwhichtheUniversitycanevaluateimprovementsandsetgoalsforfutureprojects;
• Maximizingbuildingflexibilitytosatisfythevarieddemandsofcurrentandfutureusersandresidents;and
• Reducingenergyconsumptionofbuildingandsitesystems(HVAC,hotwater,andlighting)throughtheuseofappropriatemechanicalandconstructiontechnology(naturalcooling,lightrecovery,passivesolardesign,etc.).
Sincegoodinitialdesignpracticespromotealongerbuildinglifespan,mostconstructiononcampusisrenovationwork.Througharigorousmaintenanceprogram,theUniversityhasbeen
abletopreservethemajorityofitsstructures,investingonaverageover$100millionannuallyinrenovations,equipment,andfacilitiesrenewaloverthelastdecade.
The2002DesignGuidelinesspecificallyaddressthis commitment to “Responsible RenovationandUpgradestoExistingBuildings”:
…encourage responsible stewardship of all existing University buildings. Each renovation project, therefore, should include an investigation of all aspects, systems and features impacted by the specific intervention. Conditions discovered during project evaluation, design or construction that are in need of improvement cannot be ignored. Even in cases where budgetary or schedule constraints necessitate only a partial remediation, any building deficiencies brought to light are to be examined and documented so that they may be addressed at a future time.
SuchproactivemanagementreflectstheUniversity’scommitmenttomaximizingtheefficiencyofitsbuiltenvironment.Inworkingtosustainitsexistingcapitalinvestments,theUniversityprovestheprinciplethat“thegreenestbuildingistheoneyoudonothavetobuild.”
Livable Community Initiatives and Neighborhood Investment
Asnotedintheintroduction,Pennhaspartneredwithitssurroundingcommunitytocreateneighborhoodsthataresafe,livable,andwalkable,furtheringsustainabilityeffortsintransportation,utilitiesandoperations,andwasteminimizationandrecycling.Withthe
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5.6 Physical EnvironmentfoundingoftheUniversityCityDistrict(UCD)in1997andinvestmentinkeycommercialandresidentialdevelopmentprojects,Pennhasdemonstrateditscommitmenttosustainableurbandevelopment:dense,transit-accessible,mixed-useandmixed-housing,withwell-designedandwell-maintainedstreetsthatpromotequalityoflifeinthecity.
UC Green: UCGreenisanon-profittree-plantingandcommunitybeautificationorganizationintheUniversityCityneighborhood,foundedin1999byPennandaconsortiumoflocalinstitutions.ThemissionofUCGreenistopromote,coordinate,andsupportvolunteercommunitygreeninginUniversityCityandthesurroundingWestandSouthwestPhiladelphianeighborhoods.Throughpartnerships,UCGreenbuildscommunity,endorsessustainablepractices,andchampionsenvironmentalstewardship.Theorganizationhasengagedmorethan4,000volunteersinplantingandmaintainingover1,000treessinceitsinception,bringingahostofenvironmentalbenefits,aswellasincreasingpropertyvaluesandreducingstormwaterrunoffintheneighborhood.
The Agatston Urban Nutrition Initiative (AUNI):AUNIisrunthroughtheBarbaraandEdwardNetterCenterforCommunityPartnershipsandprovideshands-onlearningaboutfood,nutrition,andcookingatPenn’scommunityschools.Thefocusisonhealthyeatingandbuildinghealthylifestylesforstudentsastheyenteradulthood.AUNIfocusesongardeningbymaintainingseveralacresofcommunitygardensatneighborhoodschoolsandpreparingfood.AUNIworkstoimprovecommunitynutritionandhealth(particularlyobesityand
nutrition-relateddiseasessuchasdiabetes)throughservice-basedlearningandcommunityengagement.
OtherPenn-ledneighborhoodsustainabilityinitiativesincludethefollowing:
• UCBrite,whichhaspartneredwithhomeownersandapartmentbuildingstoinstallexteriorlightingfixturesatmorethan1,300residencesthroughoutUniversityCity.UCBritefundshalfofthecostoflightingfixtures,providedthatoverhalfofanygivenblockparticipatesintheprogram–therebybringingcommunitiestogetherandencouragingdialoguearoundissuesofsafetyandphysicalimprovement;
• PennHomeOwnershipServicesprovideshomeownershipresourcesandfavorableclosingcostsasanincentiveforfacultyandstafftoownhomesintheWestPhiladelphiacommunity;
• Rehabilitationoflocalhousingstock,sometimesbybrokeringdealsamongoutsideparties,andmorerarelybydirectpurchase,rehabilitation,andsale;and
• ConstructionintheSadieTannerMossellAlexander/UniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolaswellasinvestmentsinotherlocalelementaryschoolsthroughsubsidiesandgrants.
SucheffortshelptostabilizethecommunityandenhanceWestPhiladelphia’sreputationasadesirableplacetolive,andimprovethesustainabilityofbothPennanditsimmediateenvirons.
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Mission
TocreateandmaintainasustainablebuiltenvironmentoncampusandtheadjacentneighborhoodsbyincorporatingstandardsandbestpracticesindesignandoperationsintoPenn’scampusplan,decreasingbuildingenergyconsumption;increasingeducationandawarenessofsustainabledesignamongprofessionalstaff;andengaginginoutreachtoboththecampusandneighboringcommunities.
Recommendations
A. Adopt LEED Silver Certification, with Penn-specific goals, as a minimum standard of new building construction.
TheLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesigngreenbuildingratingsystempromotesandcertifiessustainablepracticesthroughindependent,third-partyverification.
1.EmpiricallyevaluatetheLEEDcreditsandestablishprioritiesregardingenvironmentalissuesimportanttoPenn;
2.ModifyPenn’sexistingdesigncriteriatoachievesustainabilityobjectivesandLEEDcertificationwithoutchangingthemechanismofenforcement;evaluatewaysinwhichguidelinesorpracticesnotenforceablecanbebestencouragedinlinewiththeintentofthePennTrustees2002Guidelines;and
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5.6 Physical Environment3.Developguidelinesfordetermining
theappropriatescale(dollarvalue,buildingarea,etc.)forwhenLEEDcertificationisappropriate,andwhensimplyhigherenvironmentaldesignandconstructionstandardsareappropriate.
B. Adopt LEED CI (Commercial Interior), with Penn-specific goals, as a minimum standard for renovations.
1. PrioritizeandselectLEEDCIcreditsappropriateforeachprojectcategoryandempiricallyevaluatecriteriathatcomprisetheLEEDreview;
2. Comparethissystemwithotherrelevantandinternationalstandards;
3. SolicitsuggestionsandactionitemsfromtheprimarystakeholdersrelatedtoeachselectedLEEDCIcredit;
4. Determinecostimpactofimplementingeachactionitemandthetrainingrequirementsforthecorrespondingdepartments;
5.ConductapilotstudytodeterminetheeffectivenessofLEEDCIcertificationattheUniversity;and
6.DevelopguidelinesfordeterminingtheappropriatescaleforwhenLEEDCIcertificationisappropriate,andwhensimplyhigherenvironmentaldesignandconstructionstandardsareappropriate.
C. Adopt LEED Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance (EB: OM), with Penn-specific goals as a minimum standard for building maintenance and operations and ensure that adequate resources are budgeted for appropriate levels of preventative maintenance and facilities renewal.
1. PrioritizeandselectavailableLEEDEB:OMcreditsappropriateforeachcategorywithintheLEEDEB:OMpurview;
2. SolicitsuggestionsandactionitemsfromtheprimarystakeholdersrelatedtoeachselectedLEEDEB:OMcredit;
3. IdentifyvendorsorsourcesofqualifyingproductsandservicesthatcanbeusedtomeetLEEDEB:OMcriteria;
4. Determinecostimpactofimplementingeachactionitemandthetrainingrequirementsforthecorrespondingdepartments;
5. EstablishacommitteetodesignandmanagetheimplementationandcontinuationoftheLEEDEB:OMpolicies,compliance,andprocesses;
6.ConductapilotstudytodeterminetheeffectivenessofLEEDEB:OMcertificationattheUniversity;and
7. UsetheLEEDEB:OMprotocolsasatooltoevaluateandprioritizedeferredmaintenanceandfacilitiesrenewalprojectsinordertomaximizeenergysavings,reduceresourceuse,
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andimproveindoorenvironmentalqualityandperformanceofteaching,research,living,andworkingspacesacrosscampus.
D. Encourage the achievement of campus-wide goals, modify the existing Capital Needs Statement to incorporate a sustainability agenda.
1. DraftmodifiedformandinformationtorequestersandreviewwithVicePresidentofFacilitiesandRealEstateServices(FRES),theCapitalAdvisoryGroup,andCapitalCouncilreviewers;and
2. ProvideinformationandeducationtoFRESDesignandConstructionProjectManagers.
E. Incorporate sustainable practices into Penn’s Instructions to Design Professionals and construction guidelines.
1. ReviewandevaluatesustainabilitypracticesastheycurrentlyappearinInstructionstoDesignProfessionalsandconstructionguidelines;
2. EstablishaperiodicreviewprocessfortheseguidelinestoensurethatPennmaintainsthemostup-to-datestandardsintheInstructionstoDesignProfessionalsandconstructionguidelinespolicies;
3. Createapolicytotrackprojectprogressandensurequalityassuranceforeachprojectasitiscompleted;and
4. EducateUniversitypersonnel,bothdirectlyandindirectlyinvolvedintheprojectprocess,ontheimportanceofthesepoliciesandwhattheymeantotheUniversityasawhole,aswellasupdateswhenthesepoliciesaremodified.EnsurethatsmallprojectsandtypicalrenovationprojectsarecriticallyevaluatedbyUniversitypersonnelforopportunitiestoraiseprojectenvironmentalperformance,bothintermsofdesignandimplementation.
F. Provide training to Penn staff regarding sustainable practices in building design and operations/maintenance.
1. IdentifygroupswhoneedtrainingwithinFRES,schoolsandcenters,andamongcontractorsandconsultantstodetermineobjectivesandcontentrequiredbyeachgroup.Ensurethatstaffisawareofthelong-termcostsavingsassociatedwithadequatepreventativemaintenanceandproperbuildingcommissioning;
2. Obtainbuy-infromschoolsregardingtrainingrequirementsforSchoolfacilitiesstaff;
3. Identifyexpertiserequiredfortrainersorforcontentdevelopers;
4. Identifyrelevantconferencesandassociations;
5. Identifyinformal/optionaltrainingmaterialandinformationthatcanbedistributedviaemailorthroughUniversitypublicationssuchasthe
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5.6 Physical EnvironmentAlmanac,brochures,postersortheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsite;and
6. Determinewhatreferences/resourcesneedtobepostedontheFRESwebsiteregardingLEEDcriteria.
G. Develop and implement sustainable protocols/practices for site planning, open-space design and landscape maintenance.
1. Establishatimelineandauthoritystructuretoreviewthesepracticesandensurethatthemostup-to-datestandardsarebeingutilized;
• CreateacommitteeofrelatedprofessionalswithinFREStodiscuss,reviewandevaluateexistingpractices,withsupportofconsultantsifrequired;
• Completeallirrigationrepairsrecommendedinthe2008auditofthecurrentsystem;
• Improvesnowremovalmethodsforminimalwasteanddamagetoplantsandlandscape(usingbrineinsteadofsaltforsnowmelting);
• Recyclemorelandscapewastematerial;
• Providemoreefficientcampuslighting;
• Developamorecomprehensivetreeappreciationprogram;
• Improvelandscapemaintenanceproceduresandprotocols;
• Improvemaintenanceandrequirementsfordonorgardensandprojects;and
• EvaluatethenewSustainableSitesInitiativeforpossibleimplementationoncampus.
2. Createapolicytomaintainqualityassuranceforeachofthesegeneralpractices;and
3. EducateUniversitypersonnel,bothdirectlyandindirectlyinvolvedintheprojectprocess,ontheimportanceofthesepoliciesandwhattheymeantotheUniversityasawhole,andprovideupdatesasrequired.
Progress
Inmanyrespects,theUniversityhasadoptedandisoperatingasiftheClimate Action Plan’sPhysicalEnvironmentrecommendationswerealreadyinplace.Pennworkstoensuretheoptimizationofitscurrentbuildingstock,asevidencedbyTCChanCenterandFacilitiesandRealEstateServiceswork.TheUniversityrecognizestheneedtomaintainandoperatebuildingstotheirhighestperformancelevelinordertoachievesignificantcarbonemissionreductionsandcostsavings.TheUSGreenBuildingCouncil’sLEEDsystemhasbeenusedbyanumberofschoolsandcenterstoguidethedesignandconstructionprocessandsetachievementgoals.AsrecommendedbytheClimate Action Plan’s PhysicalEnvironmentsection,Pennisexpandingtheuseofothermetricsandstandardstobenchmarkbuildingsindesignandrenovation,suchasthelatestAmericanSocietyofHeating,Refrigeration,andAirConditioningEngineers(ASHRAE)
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standardsforventilation,heating,andairconditioning,anduniformenergymetrics(suchasannualconsumptionofKBTUs/squarefootfornewconstruction).
AstheUniversitybeginstoemploymorerobustlife-cycleanalysestoguidecapitalprojectdecisions,schoolsandcenterswillshiftfromastrategyofmanagingcostthroughasequenceofannualcapitalbudgetstoonethattakesintoaccounttheneedsoftheUniversity’sentireassetandlandscapeportfolioovertime.ThegoalofsuchatransitionistoevaluatethesuccessofPenn’scapitalandmaintenancebudgetsbyhowwelltheysupportPenn’smissionsofteaching,research,andservice.Becauseresourcesarenotinfinite,Penn’sschoolsandcentersmustdemonstrateexcellenceindecision-makingtomeettheneedsoftoday’sgeneration,andoffuturegenerationsofstudents,faculty,researchers,andstaff.
Implementingbetterlife-cyclecostdecision-makingwill:
• Graduallyreduceandmanagethedeferredmaintenancebacklog;
• Moreclearlyprioritizeprojects;• Betterpredictfuturebudgetneeds;• Reducecarbonemissions;and• Improvetheoverallconditionofcampusassets.
Penn Connects and Penn Park
PennConnects,thecampusmasterplanlaunchedin2006,recommendssustainabledevelopmentforallnewprojects.Everynew
buildingcurrentlyunderdesignisregisteredwiththeUSGreenBuildingCouncilandistargetingLEEDSilverratingorhigher.PennConnectsconcentratesmixed-usedensedevelopmentnearexistingtransportationhubs,allowingtheacademicfunctionstoremaininthecoreofcampus.TheplanrespectsPhiladelphia’straditionaldenseandpedestrian-friendlyurban-scaledevelopment,andtendstoorientbuildingsalongeast-westwalkwaysandstreetstotakeadvantageofthisoptimalsolarorientation.Improvedopportunitiesfordaylightingandnaturalventilationwillreduceenergydemandandimprovebuildingefficiency.
ThecenterpieceofthePlanistheadditionofPennParkin2011whichaddaround22acresofrecreationalandgreenspace.Theparkwillreplaceasphaltandconcretewithperviouspavementsandopenfieldsthatcancaptureover13,000cubicfeetofstormwaterduringaraineventandreducetheburdenontheCity’scombinedsewer/stormwatersystemtokeepPhiladelphia’sriverscleaner.Theparkwillalsoprovideadditionallandscapewastecompostingfacilitiesandpilottheinstallationof“darksky,”
Penn Connects respects Philadelphia’s traditional dense and pedestrian-friendly urban-scale development, and tends to orient buildings along east-west walkways and streets to take advantage of this optimal solar orientation.
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5.6 Physical Environmentenergy-efficientLEDlightfixturestoreduceambientlightpollution.
Staff LEED Training
Sixty-fivefacilitiesstafffromthreeschoolsandcentershavereceivededucationinthenewestLEED2009greenbuildingstandards.ThistrainingestablishestheUniversity’srelationshipwithUSGreenBuildingCouncil(USGBC)instructors,streamlinestheplanningoffutureworkshops,andpreparesstafffor“GreenAssociate”LEEDaccreditation.FacilitiesmanagerswillreceivespecializedLEEDtrainingandaccreditationasrequiredinareassuchasNewConstruction,OperationsandMaintenance,andCommercialInteriors.TheincreasedlevelofawarenessamongfacilitiesstaffwillpavethewayforinvolvementinfutureLEEDprojects.
Pennification of LEED
The“Pennification”ofLEEDstandardsisanongoingefforttohelptheUniversitystreamlineitsprojectsubmissionsprocessbycatalogingthe“free”pointsitcouldattainbycontinuingtobuildasithasbeen,andidentifythepointsthathavethemaximumenvironmentalbenefitsforPenn.Asadenseurbancampuswell-servedbypublictransportation,withasophisticateddistrictenergysystemsandhighstandardsfordesignandconstruction,anynewPennbuildingwouldqualifyforLEEDcertificationwithaminimumofeffortbythedesignteam.
FRESstaffhasalreadycompletedanalysisfortheLEEDNewConstruction,CommercialInteriors,andExistingBuildingstandardsunderthepreviousversionofLEED(2.2),and
willupdatetheseassessmentsunderthenewLEEDversion3.0pointsystemstoaccuratelygaugethechallengesoftheLEEDSilverandGoldcertification.FRESsustainabilityassociateswillresearchtheLEED“portfolio”programandnewLEEDExistingBuildings:OperationsandMaintenance(EB:OM)todeterminehowPenncanadopttheClimate Action Plan recommendationsandrequirementsintoUniversitymaintenanceandoperationsstandardsandguidelines.
LEED Projects in Design and Construction
USGBCstatesthat:“LEEDisaninternationallyrecognizedgreenbuildingcertificationsystem,providingthird-partyverificationthatabuildingorcommunitywasdesignedandbuiltusingstrategiesaimedatimprovingperformanceacrossallthemetricsthatmattermost:energysavings,waterefficiency,carbondioxideemissionsreduction,improvedindoorenvironmentalquality,andstewardshipofresourcesandsensitivitytotheirimpacts.”ThenumberofpointsaprojectearnsinsevenLEEDcategoriesdeterminesitslevelofachievement,from“Certified,”formeetingbaselinecriteriaforgoodgreenbuildingpractices,toSilver,Gold,andPlatinum,forbuildingswhichexemplifyincreasinglevelsofsustainabilityandinnovation.TheMusic Building, anexistinghistoric1892structure,isbeingrenovatedandmodernized,withdoublethenumberofpracticerooms,upgradedwiringandbasicsystems,andimprovedlightingandsoundproofing.Exteriorworkwillrestorethebuilding’sdistinctiveterracottaandfrontporch,whileconstructionofanewadditionwillnearlydoublethesizeofthe
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building.TheprojectwillserveanimportantroleintheUniversity’seastwardexpansionbyenhancingtheconnectionbetweenCollegeGreenandbuildingstotheeastof34thStreet.TheMusicBuildingrenovationhasbeenregisteredwiththeUSGBCandistargetingLEEDSilvercertification.Someofthekeyfeaturesincludeaninfiltrationbasintofilterrainwaterandreduceloadonthesewersystem;highefficiencyfixturestoreducewaterusebyupto30%;highperformingbuildingsystemsandenvelopethatwilloptimizeenergyperformanceby22.5%;diversionfromlandfillsof95%ofdemolitionandconstructionwastebysalvaging,reusingandrecycling;thepurchaseofGreenGuardcertifiedfurniture;andtheimplementationofaGreencleaningplanusinggreencleaningproductsandmethods.
TheFisher Translational Research Centerisaneight-storymedicalfacilitycontaining300,000squarefeetdevotedtobasic,clinical,andtranslationalresearch.Targetedforcompletioninthefallof2010,thefacilitywillbephysicallyintegratedwiththerecentlyopenedPerelman Center for Advanced Medicine andthe Roberts Proton Therapy Center, a500,000-square-footoutpatientcancerfacility,creatingoneofthelargestacademicmedicalcentersinthecountryandoneofthefirsthealthcarefacilitiesinthePhiladelphiaregionconstructedusingLEEDprinciples.ThePerelmanCenterandRobertsProtonTherapyCenterareregisteredwithLEEDasasingleproject,whichistargetingLEEDCertification.TheFisherTranslationalResearchCenterishowevertargetingaLEEDSilverrating.
Morethan90percentofthedebrisfromthebuildingsdemolishedtomakewayforthis
state-of-the-artmedicalcomplex—over20,000tons—wassalvagedorrecycled.Othergreenfeaturesincludeconstructionwithmaterialsandmechanicalsystemsthatareprojectedtoconsume15percentlessenergythanaconventionally-designedbuilding(savingapproximately$350,000and3,700metrictonsofcarbondioxideemissionsperyear);astate-of-the-artAirCuityair-monitoringsystemtoenhancelabandvivariumsafetywhilecuttingenergycosts;establishinggreenhousekeepingprotocolsthatrequirenon-toxiccleaningagentsandresource-efficientpaperandmoppingproducts;usingrecycledandlocallymanufacturedmaterials;incorporatinglow-VOCinteriorfinishestoimproveindoorairquality;specificationofsustainablyharvestedwoodproducts;providingbicycleracksandchangingroomstopromotenon-autocommuting;integratingundergroundparkingwith21electricchargingstationspromotetheuseofelectricvehicles;andspecifyinglandscapingwithnativeplantstoreduceirrigationneeds.Inadditiontoprovidinganenvironmentallyconscientiousandhealthyplacetovisitandwork,thenewCenteralsoimprovestheeconomichealthofthecitybycreatingnewjobs,andhasreceivedfundingfromfederal,state,andlocalgovernmentsupport.
ThenewHorticultural Center at Morris ArboretumisPenn’smostcomprehensiveassayintosustainabledesignandconstruction.Thenew$20millioncomplexistargetingPlatinumLEEDcertification.Aselectionofthekeyfeaturesinclude:preferredparkingforfuelefficientvehicles;astormwatermanagementplanthatutilizesgreenroofs,raingardens,andcisternstorage;agreywatersystemthatmakes
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5.6 Physical Environmentuseofharvestedrainwaterstoredinadedicatedcisternaswellasutilizationofhighefficiencyfixtures;state-of-the-artenergymanagementsystemsthatwillreduceenergyconsumptionby45%;aground-sourceheatingandcoolingsystem;generationofonsiterenewableenergyfrombothaPVarrayandasolarhotwaterheater;andtheharvestingandmanufacturingofover20%ofbuildingmaterialsfromwithina500mileradiusoftheproject.
TheGeorge Weiss PavilionrenovationwillinfillthearcadeonthenorthernsideofFranklinFieldstadiumwithanewweighttrainingandfitnesscenter.The$25.7millionproject,willentailapproximately55,000squarefeetofconstruction,andisslatedforcompletionin2010.TheCenterinhabitsthespaceunderneathtwolevelsofsupportingarchesandconnectstheinteriorconcoursespaceunderthestadiumbleacherswithanewpedestrianpromenade.Theprojectwillconnecttrainingfacilitiesandretailspacewithaplannedoutdoorpark,Shoemaker Green(dueforcompletionin2012or2013).TheprojectanticipatesLEEDGoldcertification,andwillbethefirstrenovatedsportsfacilityprojectinthenationtoattainthislevel.Afewofthemajorfeaturesinclude:reductionofimperviouscoverandincreasingon-siteinfiltration;highefficiencyfixturesthatwillreducewaterusebyupto30percent;thediversionfromlandfillsof95percentofdemolitionandconstructionwastethroughsalvage,reuseandrecycling;anincreaseinoutdoorairventilationby30percent;thepurchaseofGreenGuardcertifiedfurniture;andtheimplementationofagreencleaningplanusinggreencleaningproductsandmethods.
TheSingh Nanotechnology Center,currentlyinthedesignphase,willhousemolecularresearchintheareasofengineering,medicine,andthehealthsciences,andisbeingdesignedtoreceiveaLEEDSilverrating.Thebuildingwillbelocatedinthe3200blockofWalnutStreetandwillbefundedinpartbya$20milliongiftfromKrishnaSingh,analumnusofPenn’sSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScience.Itssustainabledesignincludeslocallysourcedconstructionmaterials,agreenroof,lowflowwaterfixtures,solar-heatedhotwater,naturalventilationanddesignfordaylightharvesting.
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LEED Existing Buildings (EB) Pilot Project: Huntsman Hall
TheWhartonSchoolisundertakingaresearchprojecttoassessthefeasibilityofcertifyingHuntsmanHallunderLEED2009forExistingBuildings:OperationandMaintenance.Analysiswillincludeasurveyofattainablecreditsunderexistingbuildingconditions,alistofanyphysicalmodificationsneededtoearnadditionalcredits,operationalchangestoPenn’scleansing,maintenanceprotocols,andassociatedsubmittaldocumentationandexpectedcosts.Thegoalofthisstudyistodeterminetheobstacles,energysavings,andfeasibilityofcertificationforotherbuildingsoncampus,andtoprovideacasestudyforfutureLEEDEB:OMprojects.
LEED Commercial Interiors (CI) Pilot Project: Towne Building
TheOfficeoftheUniversityArchitectandtheSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScienceareembarkingonafeasibilitystudytoexplorethecostsandcomplexityof“greening”a7,000-square-footmechanicalsystemupgradeandofficerenovationintheTowneBuilding.Aconsultingfirmwillworkwiththerenovationproject’sarchitectandcost-estimatortodevelopprojectionsforidentifyingthecost“premium”ofimplementingoptionstypicalforaLEEDCISilverCertifiedrenovation.Thisprojectwillserveasapilotstudytoidentifytheobstacles,opportunities,efficiencies,andbenefitsofcarryingoutasmallrenovationprojectwithsustainabilityasaprinciplegoal,incomparisontoatypical“baseline”renovationthatmeetsPenn’sstandardrequirements.AsecondaryintentofthisevaluationistohelptheUniversity
evaluatewhetherLEEDCIisanappropriatemetricforsmallrenovationsandtoinformthedevelopmentofguidelinesforsimilarfutureprojects.
Sustainable Landscape Practices
TheUniversityLandscapeArchitect,withintheOfficeoftheUniversityArchitect,overseeslandscapeinitiativesacrosstheurbancampusincludingroutinemaintenanceofthegrounds,installationofimprovementprojectsandthereviewofmajorcapitalimprovements.Routineprojects,suchasongoingtreeandshrubcare,turfandplantingbedprogramsandflowerplanting,aremanagedinconjunctionwiththeUrbanParkManagerofFacilitiesOperations.
InresponsetotheAmericanCollegeandUniversityPresidents’ClimateCommitment(ACUPCC)andtheCityofPhiladelphia’snewstormwatermanagementregulations,theUniversity’slandscapepracticeshavebecomeevenmoresustainablebyincorporatingperviouspavingandmoreresponsiblestormwatermanagement.Testareasofperviousbrickpavinghavealreadybeeninstalledoncampuswalkways.Pilotprojectstotestthefeasibilityofbelow-gradewaterretentionandrechargelargeimperviousareasareunderway,withtheintentofdecreasingbothinstallationcostsandtheimpactoftheUniversity’srunoffonPhiladelphia’swastewaterinfrastructure.
Otherstate-of-the-artenvironmentalmanagementpracticesincludeusingnativelandscapeplantingsonseveralcampusgardens(CivicHouseentry,theQuadrangleCollegeHousegrounds,PennPressgarden,andtheClassof1972ReadingGarden)toprevent
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5.6 Physical Environmentinvasivespeciesfromcompetingwithandharmingplantandanimalcommunities.InalignmentwiththeSustainableSiteInitiative’smandatetoreducewastewaterandinresponsetoa2008consultant’sauditofthecurrentirrigationsystem,repairstostopleaksintheirrigationheadsarenearlycomplete,andareresultingina40percentdecreaseinirrigationwateruse.Astudytoevaluatetheimplementationofanew“smart”irrigationsystem,whichwouldincorporatemoisturesensorsandclimateresponsivecontrolsforincreasedwaterefficiency,willbeundertaken.Compostingofleafwastecontinues,andanewyardwastecompostingfacilitycompletedin2008willexpandcompostingtoincludegrassclippingsandwoodchips,inadditiontoalloftheleavesthatfallonPenn’scampus.
Green Roofs on Campus
Pennhasinstalledgreenroofsonfivebuildings:HillPavilionoftheVetSchool,KooPlazaatHuntsmanHall,ClaireFaginHallcourtyardattheNursingSchool,KingsCourt-EnglishCollegeHouse,andattheRadianapartmentcomplexabovestreet-levelshops.AvarietyofenvironmentalandcosteffectivebenefitstotheUniversityinclude:
• Capturingrainwaterandabsorbingitslowlyovertime,Penn’sgreenroofslessentheburdenontheWestPhiladelphiasewersystem;
• Thesoil-and-plantroofingsystemreducesPenn’sutilitycostsbyreducingrooftoptemperatureduringhotmonthsandinsulatingthebuildingduringthewinter,makingthebuildingbeloweasiertoheatandcool;
• ThegreenroofsystemsextendthelifeoftheroofwaterproofingmembranebyprotectingitfromUVlightandextremetemperaturesswings;
• Greenroofscanprovideahabitatforinsectandbirdspecies,increasingurbanbiodiversity;and
• Greenroofsprovidevisualreliefanddelightforresidentsofneighboringbuildings,andincertaininstancescreateadditionalgreenspaceforcampusresidentstoenjoy.
Neighborhood Sustainability Initiatives
Inthesummerof2009,theSustainabilityTeambeganresearchonseveralpotentialneighborhoodsustainabilityinitiativessuchas:
• WorkingwithPennHomeOwnershipServices(PHOS)tomakeenergyauditsavailableaspartofPenn'sservicestostaffandfaculty;
• Investigatingcity,state,federal,andnon-profitagenciesfundingforresidentialimprovementsrelatedtoenergyperformance;
• LiaisingwiththeEnergyCoordinatingAgency,aleadingPhiladelphiaenergyconservationnon-profit,toworkonstrategiestodeliverwinterizationandenergyefficiencyimprovementstoneighborhoodresidents;and
• Researchinglocalcarbonoffsetprogramsandapplyforgrantstoimplementtheprogram.
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Asadirectresultofthesestudies,beginninginthefallof2009,PHOSincollaborationwiththeEnergyCoordinatingAgency,willofferanewusefortheEnhanced Forgivable Loan Program,targeting energyefficiencyhomeretrofits.Inadditiontothe$7,500forgivableloanavailablethroughPHOS’sEnhanced Forgivable Loan Program,anumberofstateandfederalgrantsandrebatesareavailabletohomeownerspursuingenergyefficiencyhomeretrofits.ThisinitiativedemonstratestheUniversity’scommitmenttopromotingsustainabilitybyencouraginghomeownersandbuyerstoreducetheircarbonfootprints.
SeveralnewlightinginitiativesarebuildingonthesuccessofUCBriteinmakingneighborhoodsmoreactive,safe,anddesirablefordenseurbandevelopment.Inthesummerof2009,UCDinstalled71newpedestrianlightsonBaltimoreAvenueneighborhoodcommercialcorridor,from45thto50thstreets.Inthesummerof2009,theUniversitylaunchedaNeighborhoodLightingInitiativethatwillpartnerwithlocallandlordstoinstallnewpedestrianlightsbetweenChestnutandBaltimoreand40thand43rdstreets.Theselightswillreplaceolderincandescentbulbshousedinweakerplasticcasingwithhighefficiencycompactfluorescentbulbshousedindurablecastaluminumcasing.Thesenewpedestrianlightsarenotonlylonger-lastingintheirconstruction,butthebulbsthemselveswillendureforlongerandwillconsumelessenergy.
Responsibility
FRESincollaborationwithBSDwillberesponsibleforcarryingouttheClimate Action Plan’sPhysicalEnvironmentrecommendations,
includingstafftrainingandresearchtasksperformedbytheSustainabilityTeam.Thefacilitiesandoperationsstaffinthevariousschoolsandcenterswillalsoberesponsibleforimplementation.
ThefollowingmetricswerecreatedtoensurethatPennachievesitsgoalsintermsoftheClimate Action Plan’s PhysicalEnvironmentrecommendations:
• DocumentthenumberofLEEDregisterednewandrenovationprojects;
• DocumentthenumberofLEEDGreenAssociatesandAccreditedProfessionalsonadministrativeandfacilitiesstafftohelpretaininstitutionalknowledgeasPennbuildsitsportfolioofcertifiedprojects;
• Tracktheareaofpermeablesurfacesasapercentageoftotallandareaofcampus,asameanstoevaluatestormwaterrunoffpercentagedecrease;
• Tracktheweightofcompostingintonsofcollectedandsavedwastematerial;and
• Trackthenumberofenergyefficientretrofitsconducted.
Funding
Theattachedfive-yearbudgethasbeencreatedtosupportthePhysicalEnvironmentrecommendationsoftheClimate Action PlanincorporatingsustainabilityintomanyinstitutionalaspectsoftheUniversitysuchasengineeringguidelinesandtheCapitalNeedsStatement.SeeAppendixBforbudgetinformation.
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Background
Pennisacompact,urbancampusthatiswell-servedbyavarietyofmodesofalternativeandpublictransportation.Thecorecampusisentirelypedestrian,andthecampusasawholeissituatedinadensenetworkofpublicbusandtrolleyroutes,withsubway,regionalrail,andAmtrak’sPhiladelphia30thStreetStationwithinafive-blockwalk.Pennprovidesanidealsettingfortheuseofmulti-modalandalternativetransportation.
Nonetheless,thePenncommunityhasonlyamoderatepercentageofalternativetransportationusersamongfaculty,students,andstaff.Thecurrentestimatedbreakdownis60percentindividualautomobilecommutersand40percentalternativetransportationcommuters(walk,bicycle,train,andcarpool).
TheSoutheasternPennsylvaniaTransportationAuthority(SEPTA)servicesthecityandregionextensivelywithsubway,buses,trolleys,andregionalrail.Tosupportthestaffandfacultywhousethismode,theUniversityprovidesapre-tax,10percentdiscountforallpublictransitinPhiladelphia.This“CompassProgram”wasusedbyabout2,200people–over10percentoftheworkforce–infiscalyear2007,and
providesastrongincentivetoreduceautouse,congestion,andairpollutionbyencouragingpublictransitcommuting.
ForthePenncommunitywhouseSEPTAlessroutinelyorwholiveoutsideofSEPTA’sservicearea,Pennoffersanadditionalpre-taxpurchaseoptioncalled“Transitcheks”.Theseareavailableinsetdenominationsandcanberedeemedforticketsorpassesthroughanumberofpublictransitagencies,includingNJTransit,theinterstateDelawarePortAuthorityTransitCompany(whichrunsthePATCOhigh-speedrailfromsuburbanNewJerseycountiestoCamdenandPhiladelphia),andAmtrak.
Thevastmajorityofthestudentbodyofabout20,000graduatesandundergraduatesliveoncampusorintheimmediateneighborhood,andcampushousingisprovidedforaround5,500students.Thesestudentsrarelybringcarstocampus—atestamenttoPennandPhiladelphia’swalkability.However,forstudentswholiveoutsidetheimmediatearea,PennPassisanaffordablemeanstoreducerelianceonautousage.PennPassallowsstudentstotakeunlimitedlocalridesonalldaysandunlimitedregionalridesonweekendsandholidays.
5.7 TransportationReduce Emissions
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Closertohome,Pennprovidesexcellenttransportationaroundcampusinordertoreducethenumberofcarsdrivenbystudents,staff,andfaculty.
• LUCY,theLoopthroughUniversityCity,shuttlespassengersbetween30thStreetStation(thestopforregionalrail,Amtrak,andthelocalsubwayandtrolleylines)andcampus.Tworoutesruncontinuouslyinoppositedirections,makingstopsatPenn’smaincampusaswellastwolocalhospitalsoperatedbytheUniversityofPennsylvaniaHealthSystem.TheloopalsoservestheVeteransAdministrationHospitalandtheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphiaandisfreeforallmembersoftheUniversitycommunity.
• Pennalsorunsseveraloverlappingpassengerroutes(thePennbusandthePennshuttle)aroundcampusbetween5p.m.and12:30a.m.,withanon-callbasisallnightuntil7a.m.Theseroutesprovidefreetransitwithinaroughly20-blockradiusofcampusandprovidereliable,safelocaltransit.In2008,Pennpurchasednewbuseswhichuseultra-lowsulfurdieselfuelandhavethecapacitytochangetobiodieselshouldasupplierbecomeavailable.
• In2008,PennpartneredwithPhillyCarShare,alocalnon-profitfoundedbyPennalumni,tobecomethelargestNorthAmericanuniversitycarsharepartnership.Withover30carswithinaten-blockradiusofcampus,thesecars,rentedbythehour,offerstudents,faculty,andstaffthe
mobilityoftheirowncarwithoutthecost.Themembershipofthisservicereportsowning10,000fewercarsthantheywouldotherwise.Aspartofthispartnership,Pennstaffreceivesdiscountrentalrates,allowingforareductioninfleetsize.
Mission
Thesubcommittee’smissionistoemphasizeaqualitypedestrianenvironmentwithsafe,efficienttransportationservicesfortheUniversitycommunityandneighborsthroughtheprovisionof:
• Safe,convenient,andreasonablypricedaccesstoandfromcampus;
• Convenientaccesswithinthecampusarea;and
• Enhancedaccessibilityandmobilitywithrespecttotheenvironment.
Target
TheTransportationrecommendationssupportthegoalofhavingoverhalfoftheUniversitypopulationusingalternativetransportationintheirdailycommute.
Recommendations
A. Encourage intermodal transportation use (easy transfers among all modes, such as walk and bus, park and ride train) through better services, communication, and resources.
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5.7 Transportation1. EncourageuseofSEPTApassesaswellasPennTransitServicesandLUCY;
2. PublicizeallalternativetransportationservicessupportedbyPennonallwebsitesandpublications:
• PennTransit• Car-sharingorganizationssuchasPhillyCarShare
• CarpoolingservicesAlterNetandShare-A-RidefromtheCleanAirCouncil.
3. Developenhancedmarketingtofurtherpopularizeintermodaltransportationuse.
B. Increase accessibility and usage of public transportation.
1. DeterminethecurrentlevelsofpublictransportationuseamongthePenncommunityonallproviders(SEPTA,PATCO,NJTransit,etc.);
2. CreateapartnershipwithSEPTAto:
• AllowstudentstouseUniversityidentitycardsasSEPTApasses;
• Provideintroductorydailypassesfornewstudentsandstaff,alongwithinformationaboutSEPTA.
• Increasevisibilityoftoken/passpurchasinglocationsonandnearcampus.
• IncreasesubsidiesforTranspassesandTrailpasses.
• Improvecampussignage;
• NegotiatewithSEPTAincreasedfrequencyandreliabilityofbus,trolley,andregionalrailservicesinthecampusarea;
• Identifythesubwayandsubwaysurfacestationsincloseproximitytothecampusasa“UniversityofPennsylvaniaStation”;
• CoordinatewithPennPoliceandSEPTApolicetoimprovetheattractivenessandsafetyofsubwayandsubway-surfacestations;
• Daylightandmakeattractiveundergroundsubwayandsubway-surfacestationsinthecampusarea;and
• Identifyneighborhoodsunderservedbypublictransit,andworkwithSEPTAtoimproveaccess.
3. StudyPennTransitBusservicetounderservedlocalneighborhoods,suchasFairmountDistrict,ArtMuseum,eastofBroad,andsouthofSouthStreet.
C. Decrease Penn’s dependency on automobiles and reduce congestion.
1. Determineexactprofileofparkingpermitholdersandotherautomobileusersoncampus;
2. Incentivizeuseofalternativemodes;
3. Ensurethaton-streetparkingisconsistentwiththeUniversity’sinterests;
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4. Reviseparkingratestructurestodiscouragecommutingbycar;and
5. Reviewpricingstrategyforcampusparkinggaragesandlots.
D. Improve bicycle safety, environment, and discipline at Penn.
1. DeterminethenumberofbicyclistswithinthePenncommunity;
2. EncourageUniversityCityresidentsandinstitutionstovocallysupportacitywidebike-sharingsystem;
3. Coordinateandinstallmorebikeracks/bikelockers,especiallyatareasshelteredbybuildingsoroverhangs;
4. Installtwobikecorralsperyear,removesinglebikeracks;
5. WorkwiththeCitytoinstallbikelanesonkeycorridors;
6. Coordinateabi-annualShare-the-Roadcampaignthatincludesenhancedenforcementandeducation;
7. CoordinateactivitieswiththeBicycleCoalitionofGreaterPhiladelphia;and
8. Improvenetworksforbicyclesconnectingwiththeregionalbikewaynetwork.
E. Commit to maintaining a “human-scaled” campus by valuing the pedestrian environment and safety.
1. Determinethenumberofpedestrian
commuters;and
2. Improveintersectionswithhighpedestrianvolume,specificallybutnotlimitedto:
• 33rdandSmithWalk,• 34thandLocustWalk,and• 38thandSpruceStreets.
F. Review operational protocols of the PennTransit’s fleet management.
1. DetermineenvironmentalimpactsofUniversity’sfleet;and
2. PromotemoreenergyefficientmanagementoftheUniversity’sfleet,includingexpandeduseofalternativefuels.
G. Consider other modes of transportation that are potentially beyond Penn’s control and implement sustainable policy.
1. Determineoverallimpactandnumbersforfreightdeliveries(longdistance)andlocaldeliveries;
2. Createapolicyfornon-peakhourdeliveries;
3. Institutea“no-idling”policy;
4. InvestigatemethodsofdecreasingPenn’srelianceonairtravelbyvideoconferencinganduseofrailserviceswherepossible;and
5. Provideairtravelerswithinformationonhowtodecreasetheircarbonfootprint.
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5.7 TransportationH. Evaluate University transportation
objectives and programs to better align with the needs and goals of the University City area.
Progress
Parking/Circulation
• Orth-Rodgers’ Campus Circulation: a Study of Multi-Modal Access: TheUniversityhascompletedacomprehensivetransportationandtrafficstudy,withafocusondevelopinga30-yearplanformultimodaltransporttoandwithincampus.Currently,about40percentoffacultyandstaffcommutetoPennviapublictransit,bike,orwalking.Thestudyhasgeneratedrecommendationstoraisethislevelofsustainabletravelto60percentandtheserecommendationshavebeenincorporatedintotheClimate Action Plan.Transportation Survey:InOctober2009,atransportationsurveyofthePennCommunitywillbecarriedout.Theintentistoestablishaccuratebaselinedataaboutcommuterhabits,preferredmodesofcommuting,commuters’awarenessofotheroptions,thefeasibilityofproposedsustainabilityprojects,andwhatcommuterchoicesareunavailablethatthePenncommunitywouldliketoseeoffered.
• South Street Bridge:TheDivisionofPublicSafety(DPS),BusinessServicesDivision(BSD),andtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaHealthSystemsbroughttogetherkeyPennandexternalstakeholdersoverthecourseofsix
monthstocoordinateservicesandresponseleadinguptotheFall2008closureoftheSouthStreetBridge,akeyaccesspointandmainarteryoncampus.
• 30th Street/Station Square Taskforce: FacilitiesandRealEstateServices(FRES)hasbeeninvolvedintherestructuring/planningofanewpedestriansquarearound30thStreetStationtoimprovepedestriansafetyandaccessibility.
Alternative Transportation
• AlterNet and Share-A-Ride:BusinessServicesDivision(BSD)hasteamedupwiththesetwocarpoolingserviceproviderstoencouragePenncommuterstoconsidercarpooling.
Public Transportation
• PennTransit GPS: Real-timeinformationonbusarrivalsforthePenntransportationservicesmaketravelingbybusandvanmuchmoreconvenientthankstoGPSinstalledontheshuttlesandbuses.
• Commuter Transit Fairs:BSDbroughttogetherkeytransitagenciesandmobilityorganizationsinanextremelywell-attendedandhighlysuccessfulefforttoeducatecommutingstaffandfacultyonhowtousepublicandalternativetransportationtotraveltoandfromwork.Plansareinplacetorepeatthiseffortannually.
• LUCY (Loop through University City) Extended Hours:SEPTAandUniversityCityDistrictworkedtogethertoextendservicefrequencyfortheLUCYGreen
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andGoldroutes.• SEPTA: BSDandFREShaveestablishedanopendialoguewithSEPTAmanagementregardingimportantchangesrequestedbyPenn.
Bicycles
• Bike Parking:BikeparkinghasbeeninstalledintwoUniversitygaragesforcovered,secureparking.Twopilotcorralprojectswereinstalledontheexteriorofcampus.
• Bike racks on PennTransit shuttle buses:Toexpandaccessibilityandencourageintermodality,Penninstalledbikeracksonthefrontofallshuttlebusesin2008.
• Bike Share Feasibility Study:IncoordinationwiththeMayorandCityCounciloftheCityofPhiladelphia,Pennissupportingacity-widebikeshareprogram.Currently,thecityisconductingatripdemandstudytoinvestigatelocationsforthebicyclesharingstations.Pennanticipatesbeingamajorparticipantandbeneficiaryofthisprogramandlooksforwardtothepositiveimpactsitwillhaveonthecampus’andthecity’ssustainabilityinitiatives.
• Bike-share demonstration project:InSeptember2008,Pennsponsoredaverysuccessfulbikesharedemonstrationprojectwith18bicycles,generatingover55one-waytripsbetweencampusandCenterCityPhiladelphia.
• Share-the-Road Campaign with DPS:DPShasimplementedabiannualmotoristandcyclisteducationcampaignwithoutreachevents,educationalclasses,andsafetycheck-ups,etc.
• Coordination with Bicycle Coalition and Bicycle Ambassadors:Pennhasreachedouttolocaladvocacygroupsinordertoeducatelocalbikersonrulesandrights.
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5.7 TransportationPedestrians
• Weave Bridge: TheWeaveBridgeovertheAmtrakraillinesthatrunthroughthesoutheastcornerofPenn’sathleticfields,wascompletedinthespringof2009,andprovidesabicycleandpedestrianconnectionfortwoimportantsectionsofPenn’scampus.ThebridgewasinitiallyconceivedasaconnectorduringthereconstructionoftheSouthStreetBridge,whichhadprovidedthespanoverthetraintracks,butiscurrentlyunderreconstruction.TheWeaveBridgehasbecomeanintegralpartofthePennParkplan,providingincreasedaccessforbothmembersofthecampusandcitycommunitiesalike.
Fleet
• Fleet inventory analysis:AcomprehensivereviewofthecurrentUniversityfleetmakeupwillallowforinvestmentinamoreappropriatemixofvehicles,includingmorehybridsandsmaller,moreefficientvehicles.
• California Clean Idle trash truck:Pennhaspurchasedcleanidlevehicleswhichdecreaseemissionswhilethetrashtruckoperates.
Responsibility
FRESandBSDwillcoordinatetheimplementationoftheaboverecommendations.Bothdivisionscurrentlycoordinatetransportationactivities,fleetservices,parking,transitservices,transportationsubsidies,andcampusplanning.Thesedivisions
willtrackprogressonthespecificgoalsofthesubcommittee:toincreasealternativetransportationusetooverhalfoftheUniversity’scommunity.Thiswillbemeasuredbyayearlysurvey,administeredtofaculty,students,andstaff,wheremodechoicewillbethekeymetric.TheGreenCampusPartnershipwillpromoteoptionstothePenncommunityforsustainablecommutingtravelpractices.
Funding
Themajorityoftransportationactivities,suchastheSEPTAsubsidyandfleetcosts,aretheresponsibilityofBSD.Itwillbenecessarytocoordinatewithlocalandstateagenciestoprioritizeandallocateavailablefunding.Infrastructureimprovements,suchascrosswalkandintersectionupgrades,bicycleparking,pedestriansignalization,etc,arehandledinFRES.Investmentsinthesetransportationrecommendations,whilebeneficialtotheUniversityasawhole,tendtowardssignificantcostandasmallquantitativeemissionsbenefit.
Theonelargepotentialreductioninemissionscanbefoundinreducingairtravel.Theresponsibilityforthiscostresidesentirelywitheachindividualschoolandcenter.SeeAppendixBforbudgetinformation
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Background
TheCityofPhiladelphiabecamethefirstmajorUScitytoestablishamandatoryrecyclinglawin1987.Publicandprivateschools,includingcollegesanduniversities,arenowrequiredtorecycleandtoreportrecyclingdatatothecity.
Penn’srecyclingefforts,however,beginningsdatebacktotheearly1970s,longbeforemunicipalrequirements.Initiativesincludethecreationofalandscapematerialsyardtostorepavingandlandscapestonework,compostingalllandscapeleaflitteroncampusforuseascompostincampusgardens,andtheprovision,throughPenn’sMorrisArboretum,offreegardenwastedrop-offandcompostingservicesfortheentiremunicipalityofSpringfieldTownship.RecyclingprogramsattheUniversityhaveevolvedconsiderablysincetheirinceptionandhaveyieldedsteadyimprovementsinresults.Intheearly2000s,theFacilitiesandRealEstateServices(FRES)OperationsDepartmentcollaboratedwiththeUniversityLandscapeArchitecttoinstallcustomdesignedoutdoortripletrecyclingandwastecontainers.Thetripletsweredeployedinhightrafficareastomakeiteasiertorecyclewastematerialsintheoutdoorcampusenvironment.
FurthereffortsbyFRESandtheBusinessServicesDivision(BSD)havehelpedtocreateanincreasinglytransparentcollectionsystemthatprovidesmoreeffectivefeedbackandcommunicationwiththePenncommunity.
Currently,theUniversityrecyclesabout20percentofitsmunicipalwastestream,divertingover1,500tonsofmixedpaper,cardboard,andcommingled(glass,plastic,andmetal)materialsfromlandfillsannually.FRESisresponsibleforthecollectionofmunicipalsolidwaste(trash)andrecyclablesfromPennbuildingsandoutdoorreceptaclesoncampus.PennEnvironmentalHealthandRadiationSafety(EHRS)collectscomputers,electronicdevices,batteries,andfluorescentlightbulbsforrecycling.AlthoughaPhiladelphia-areafoodandorganicwastecompostingfacilityhasyettobeestablished,theUniversitywillcarryoutpilotstudiestoidentifyhowcompostingcouldbecarriedoutinitscafeteriasandwilldocumenttheamountofcompostablewastegenerated.
InNovember2008,thenation’sstrugglingeconomycaughtuptotherecyclingmarket,andPhiladelphiawitnessedplummetingresalevaluesformaterialssuchasglass,plastic,metal,cardboard,andpaper.Beforethiscollapseoftherecycledmaterialsmarket,municipalsolidwastewasbeinghauledoffcampusat
5.8 Waste Minimization
Minimize Wasteand Recycling
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arateofabout$68perton,whilePennwasabletodisposeitsrecyclablesatnocostatalocalPhiladelphiarecyclingfacility.Fortheremainderoffiscalyear2009,recyclingcostsincreasedsignificantlyfromaninitialrateof$25pertonto$61perton,whichresultedinabout$45,000innewdisposalcoststoPenn’sOperationsbudget.Fiscalyear2010projectionsfordisposalcostareevenhigher,underscoringtheimportanceofimprovedpurchasingpractices,compostingefforts,andwasteminimizationinitiatives.
Startingin2008,PennparticipatedintheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’sRecycleMania,acompetitionandbenchmarkingtoolforcollegesanduniversitiestopromotemoresustainablebehavioramongstudents.ThecompetitionhaseffectivelyraisedawarenessofPenn’srecyclingprogramandhighlightedtheincreasedeffortsofschoolsandcentersacrossthecampus.PenncompetedinRecycleManiaagainin2009andshowedimprovementsinthecategoriesofdiversionrateandwasteminimization,withPennleadingallIvyLeagueschoolsinthelatter.
InMarch2008,FRESretainedNicheRecycling,Inc.toperformanassessmentofallPenn’swasteremovalpractices,includingaregulatoryreview,an“On-RouteSurvey”ofthecampuscollectionsystem,andawasteaudittodetermineanaccurateestimateofPenn’spotentialrecyclingrate.The“On-RouteSurvey”documentedconsistenthighperformanceofFRESwastemanagement,butthesurveyanalysisrevealedthatmoreattentionisrequiredtoensurein-housemanagementofrecycledmaterialsandtoimprovedcommunicationbetweenwastegeneratorsandcollectors.
Overthepastfewyears,Pennhasshifteditsfocustowardoverallwasteminimizationtocomplementitsrecyclingefforts.Penn’sPurchasingServicesiscommittedtoenvironmentalstewardshipthroughgreenpurchasing,conservation,andconstructiondesignedtoconservenaturalresourcesandpreservingtheenvironment,insupportofPresidentGutmann’sACPUCCcommitment.Purchasing’senvironmentalsustainabilityinitiativeshaveincludedrecycledcontentproducts,environmentallypreferableproductsandservices,bio-basedproducts,energyandwater-efficientproducts,alternativefuelvehicles,productsusingrenewableenergy,anddisposalofsolidwaste.PurchasingServicesalsocreatedanannualperformancemetricforgreenpurchases;purchaseactivityforfiscalyear2008wastrackedandwillbeutilizedasabaselinetomeasureperformanceinfuturefiscalyears.
SuppliersfeaturedinthePennMarketplaceareencouragedtoincludeproductsthatpromoteenvironmentalstewardshipintheironlineproductcataloguesandPennfacultyandstaffmembersareempoweredtoselectenvironmentallyfriendlyproductsfrompreferredcontractsuppliersandmanufacturers.AllUniversity-brandedstationaryisprintedon30percentPCRchlorine-freepaper,FSCandGreenSealcertified,andtheelectricityusedtomanufacturethispaperisoffsetwith100percentGreen-ecertifiedwindcertificates.
Furthermore,theUniversityiscommittedtopurchasingEnergyStarqualifiedproductssuchasprinters,computers,andappliances.PennComputingGreenInformationTechnology(IT)programhasestablishedrecommended
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5.8 Waste Minimization and RecyclingguidelinesforITpurchasesthatincludeEnergyStar4.0compliantdesktops,replacingCRTmonitorswithLCDmonitors,andencouragingthepurchaseofsmallformfactororall-in-onedesktopsinsteadofmini-towersortowers.Beyonditspurchasingguidelines,GreenITprovidesresourcestohelpusersthroughouttheUniversityimprovethesustainableaspectsoftheircomputingoperationsbyreducingenergyconsumptionandproducinglesse-waste.
WhilerecyclingandwasteminimizationdonotrepresentasignificantamountofPenn’scarbonfootprint,theyarebothhighlyvisibleactionsthatallindividualsdirectlyassociatewithsustainability.GainingthetrustofskepticalPennaudienceswillprovetobe
aneffectivemethodofpromotingbehaviorchangeinotheraspectsofsustainability.Inaddition,thesavingsyieldedfromsuccessfulwasteminimizationthroughtheestablishmentofacomprehensivecampuspolicy,revisingpurchasingstrategies,anddevelopmentofaneducationandawarenesscampaign,canfundwasteminimizationandrecyclinginitiativesinfutureyears.
Mission
Decreasetheamountofmunicipalwastegeneratedoncampus,andincreaseenvironmentalawarenessandrecyclingparticipationthroughoutthePenncommunity.
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Target
EstablishaframeworkforacentralizedUniversityRecyclingProgramthatincreasesPenn’sdiversion(recycling)rateofpaper,cardboard,andcommingledrecyclablesfrom20percentin2008to40percentby2014.
Recommendations
TheClimate Action Plan recommendationsforWasteMinimizationandRecyclingareconsistentwiththoseoftheNicheRecyclingSurveyandAnalysispreparedforFRESinJanuary2009.
A. Institute a comprehensive waste minimization and recycling policy.
1. DevelopexpectationsofperformanceandrecommendedpracticesthatwillimpacttheentireUniversitycommunity:
• Designateapointpersonandsetupacommitteetodevelopacampus-widerecyclingplan,usingthecity’srequirementsasguidelines.
• Developandadoptacommonlanguageandstandardsforlabelingondesignatedin-housecontainers,materialpick-upsitecompactors,dumpsters,"toter"carts,balers,andcommingledcontainercollectionpods.
• Developin-housecollectionprotocolswithaccompanyingwrittenmaterialsandanorientationpresentationforrecyclingcollectionandwastedisposalateachcampusfacility.
• Review,andwherenecessary,revisepersonnelmanuals,jobdescriptions,andcontractoragreementstoprovideforproperhandlingandplacementofrecycledmaterials.
• DevelopatrainingandorientationprogramforFRESandcontractedhousekeepingmanagersandtheirstaffstoassureproperin-housemanagementofrecycledmaterialssetasideforcollection.
2. Providedirectiontoaddress:
• Municipalsolidwaste;• Residualwaste;• Computerandelectronicwaste;• Universalwaste;• Purchasingpoliciesconsistentwithminimizingthegenerationofwastematerials;
• Bestpracticesforcopiersandprinters;
• Contractlanguagewithvendorstominimizepackagingandpromote“takeback”programs.
3. Includespecificwasteminimizationandrecyclinggoals:
• Increasediversionrateforrecyclablepaper,cardboardand
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5.8 Waste Minimization and Recyclingcommingledrecyclablesfrom20percentto40percentby2014;
• Ensurethatatleastonerecyclingbinisavailableoneveryfloorofeverybuildingoncampusby2011;and
• Establishaggressivetargetsforoverallwasteminimizationasinterimrecyclinggoalsareachieved.
B. Create a campus-wide mechanism for communication and feedback between various Penn constituents (generators, collectors, and implementers).
1. UsingthestudentEco-Repsmodel,recruitamemberfromeachSchoolandcenterasinitialmembers;
• Memberswillmeetregularlyforeducation,informationandtosharebestpracticesforwasteminimization,recycling,andenergyconservation;
• TheseEco-Repswillberesponsibleforcommunicatinginformationthroughouttheirrespectiveschoolsandcenters.
2. EncourageBuildingAdministratorstopromoteinteractionbetweenbuildingoccupants,administrators,housekeepers,andOperationsandMaintenancestaff,anddevelopasystemforhousekeepingandOperationsandMaintenancestafftoprovidefeedbackonbuildingoccupants(andviceversa)inordertocultivateacollaborativeenvironmentamongallconstituentsineach
building.
C. Develop a campus-wide waste minimization and recycling education and awareness campaign.
1. CollaboratewiththeGreenCampusPartnershipCommunicationCommittee’slargerSustainabilityAwarenesscampaigntodevelopawasteminimizationandrecyclingawarenesscampaignfortheinternalPenncommunity;
2. ThecampaignwilldrawuponlessonslearnedthroughtheESACprocess,facilitiesoperations,andthewasteminimizationandrecyclingpolicy;
• Createaclearandconsistentmessage–visualandtextual–topromotetothePenncommunitythroughon-campusadvertisementandtheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsite;
• UpdatesignageanddistributeeducationalmarketingmaterialsthatexplaincorrectrecyclingpracticesatPenn;
• UsetheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsitetopublishmaterialsthatillustratethelife-cycleoftheUniversity’swasteandrecyclingandincludeeducationaboutthebenefitsofrecyclingintermsofenvironmentalhealth/riskandtheindividual’scarbonfootprint;
• Identifyrecyclingcollectionpoints
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andeducatetheindividualsresponsibleformaintainingthem;
• Seekfeedbackfrombuildingadministrators,housekeepers,students,staffandfacultytomeasuretheeffectivenessofthecommunicationmaterialsandusethisinformationtoestablishpointsofcontactinthePenncommunity;
• Explainandemphasizetheimportanceofthe“zero-waste”aspectofrecyclingtoimprovepurchasingpracticesthroughouttheUniversity;
• DirectaudiencestotheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsitetolearnmore;and
• ProviderecyclingresourcesonlineandcreateafeedbacksystemthatallowsthePenncommunitytoofferopinionsandinsightonrecyclingissues.
• Publishrecyclingandmunicipalwastedataonaquarterlybasisthroughthewebsite.
D. Establish the function of a University Waste and Recycling Coordinator.
Chargecoordinatorwithresponsibilitytodocumentexistingrecyclingpracticesoncampus,currentbuildingandcampusprogramcosts,costavoidancesandidentifyopportunitiesforimprovements,stayingcurrentwiththeexistingmarketconditionsthataffectthecostofoperatingacomprehensiverecyclingprogram.Thispositionwill:
1. Establishandmaintainrelationshipswithbuildingadministrators,FRESOperations(housekeeping,urbanpark),OfficeofDesignandConstruction,andEnvironmentalHealthandRadiationSafety(EHRS);
2. MaintaincompliancewiththerecyclingrulesandregulationsoftheCityandCommonwealth;
3. WorkcloselywithSustainabilityTeamtoraiseawarenessthroughoutthePenncommunitybysupportingeducationandoutreachprograms,andstudentprojectsfocusingonrecyclingissues;
4. Developacomprehensiveconstructionwastemanagementprogramforallcapitalprojectsandrenovationsacrosscampus;and
5. WorkwithUniversityLandscapeArchitectandlandscapecontractorstomanagelandscapewastemanagementandrecyclingoflandscapematerials.
E. Continue to research possible improvements to the University recycling program.
1. Determinecurrentbaselinedataforallrecyclablematerialsinordertomeasurefutureprogress;
2. InterfacewithpeerinstitutionstocomparewasteminimizationandrecyclingstrategiesandestablishbestpracticestobeemployedatPenn;
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5.8 Waste Minimization and Recycling• Connectwithotherlocalcollegesanduniversitiestolearntheirmethodsforreducingwasteandincreasingrecyclingratesinasimilarenvironment;
• ContinuecollaborationwithIvyPlusSustainabilityGroup.
3. Performacost-benefitanalysisfortheinstallationofautomatedscalesontruckstoweighandradioinformationaftereachpick-uptotrackrecyclablesbylocationonanon-goingbasis;
4. Continuetoresearchexistingopportunitiesforrecyclingandcompostingfoodresidualsandotherorganicmaterialsandestablishacampusfoodwasteandcompostcollectionsystemwhenalocalhaulerandcomposterdemonstrateasuccessfulbusinessmodel;and
5. Researchopportunitiestocollaboratewith theCityandtheUniversityCityDistricttoextendPenn’srecyclingprogramtotheneighboringcommunity.
Progress
Belly Solar Compactors
InlateApril2009,FRESinstalledtennewBigBellysolar-poweredtrashcompactorswithattachedrecyclingbinsonpublicsidewalksattheperipheryofcampus.TheBigBellies,eachcapableofholdingfourtofivetimes
theamountofaconventionaltrashcan,wereinstalledinhigh-trafficareastoprovidethePenncommunitywithpublicrecyclingbinswhilereducinglaborcostsandcarbonemissionsassociatedwithrunningvehiclestoemptytrashreceptacles.
CFL and Battery Recycling
SinceDecember2008,FRESandEHRShaveworkedwithCollegeHousesandAcademicServicestoestablishanewCollegeHouserecyclingprogramforuniversalwaste,thoseproductsthatcontaintraceamountsofmercuryorotherlow-levelhazardousmaterials.CollegeHouseresidentsandmembersofthePenncommunitycannowconvenientlyrecycletheircompactfluorescentlightbulbs,oldcellphonesandbatteriesbyplacingthemintospecially-labeledbinslocatedateachCollegeHouseinformationdeskthatforcollectionbyEHRS. Greek Recycling Pilot
InlateMarch2009,sevenfraternityandsororityhouseskickedoffaneight-weekpilotrecyclingprogramwiththehelpofFRES,theOfficeofFraternityandSororityAffairsandUniversityCityDistrict.Thesevenhousesdivertedoverfourtonsofmaterialsfromlandfills.AdditionalinteresthasbeengeneratedamongthePennGreekcommunitytoexpandtheprogramduringthe2009-2010academicyear.
RecycleMania 2009
Penn’ssecondyearofparticipationintheten-weeknationalcollegeandUniversityrecyclingcompetitionshowedimprovementintheUniversity’srecyclingprogram:
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thecampus’diversionratefortraditionalrecyclablesincreasedfrom18percentto20percent.FRES,BSDandthestudent-runPennEnvironmentalGroupcoordinatedseveraleventsacrosscampus,includingGreenfest,aValentine-themed“LoveYourPlanet”event,and“TrashTalk”–adiscussionpanelonrecyclingatPenn.TheSchoolofDesignalsoorganized“RethinkingRecycling,”anin-housecompetitiontoimproveoneoftheaspectsoftherecyclingsysteminMeyersonHall,thedepartment’smainbuilding.
PennMOVES 2009
Nowinitssecondyear,PennMOVES,theUniversity’sspringsemestermove-outrecyclingandre-usedrive,wasabletocoordinatethediversionofover45tonsofmaterialsfromlandfillsthankstotheeffortsofBSD.Volunteershelpedtocollectstudentcast-offsaftermove-outfromtheCollegeHousesacrosscampus.Theitemswerethenvaluedandsoldtothe
publicduringatwo-daysaleinJune2009.Proceedsfromthesaleamountedto$30,000whichwasdonatedtotheUnitedWaytoprovidefundingtoWestPhiladelphiacharityagencies.ThiseventhasdevelopedintoanewsustainabletraditionatPenn.
Bon Appétit
TheUniversityaugmenteditscommitmenttosustainableandlocalfoodbypartneringwithBonAppétitManagementCompanytodeliverPenn’sDiningprogram.BonAppétitiscommittedtoprovidingsociallyandenvironmentallyresponsiblefood.Aprogramcalled“FarmtoFork”willprovidethePenncommunitywithfoodfromnearbyfarmers,whilestudents,faculty,andstaffcantakepartineducationalopportunitiesabouthealthylifestylechoices,sustainableagriculture,andalow-carbondiet.ProvidingorganicandlocalfoodoptionsisyetanotherwayPenncontinuestoshowitscommitmenttosustainability.
Success depends on the participation and compliance of the entire Penn community
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5.8 Waste Minimization and RecyclingResponsibility
ResponsibilityfortheimplementationoftherecommendationssetforthbyClimate ActionwillmostlyfalluponFRESandBSD,withassistancefromtheGreenCampusPartnershipCommunicationscommitteeandtheOfficeoftheExecutiveVicePresidenttodevelopaneffectiveeducationandawarenesscampaign.SuccessdependsontheparticipationandcomplianceoftheentirePenncommunity–students,faculty,andstaff–andrequireseachpersontomakeanindividualefforttomakesustainablepurchasingdecisionsinordertoreducehisorherownwasteandincreasethepotentialtorecyclematerials.
FRESandEHRSwillperformthedatatrackingandanalysisandwillcollaboratetoproduceanannualreportthatassesseswastemanagementandrecyclingpractices.Thereportwillmeasureprogresstowardsspecificwasteminimizationandrecyclinggoals,andprovideupdatesoninterimtargets.Progresswillbemeasuredusingthefollowingmetrics:
• Diversionrateoftraditionalrecyclables(paper,cardboardandcommingled)
o Municipalsolidwaste(tons)vs.recycling(tons)
o Municipalsolidwaste(percent)vs.recycling(percent)
o Costsavingsfromdiversion
• Diversionrateofelectronicwasteanduniversalwaste
o Batteries(tons,$)o Fluorescentlights(tons,$)o Computers,televisions,monitorsandotherelectronicwaste(#,$)
• WasteMinimizationo Overalltonsreducedo Overallpercentagereductiono Costsavingsfromwasteminimization
Funding
DisposalofmunicipalsolidwasteandrecyclableswillcontinuetobefundedbyFRES.PurchasingnewrecyclingbinsforabuildingistheresponsibilityofthespecificBuildingAdministrator.Iffundingforrecyclingbinsisunavailable,BuildingAdministratorswillconsultwiththerespectiveAreaManagerorFRESDirectorofOperationsforfundingassistance.BudgetsforwasteminimizationandrecyclingeventsandpromotionssuchasRecycleManiawillbedeterminedbyFRESandBSD.Forfurtherinformationonfunding,seeAppendixB.
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5.9 AcademicsLearn Sustainability
Background
AsAmerica’sfirstUniversity,theUniversityofPennsylvaniahasalwaysbeenattunedtotheresponsibilitytoeducatestudents,faculty,andstaffontheworld’smostpressingissues.TheUniversityhaslongrealizedtheimportanceofsustainabilityandthenecessitytoequipitsstudents,faculty,andstaffwiththetoolstoassessandimprovethehealthoftheplanet.SustainabilityisintegratedintothePennexperiencethroughcoursework,research,andscholarship:Penn’sinterdisciplinaryeducationalopportunitiesreflecttheinherentnatureofsustainability.Manyschoolsandcentersareinvolvedinthequestforsustainability,withcoordinationbetweenfaculty,consultancies,researchcenters,students,anddivisionsthroughouttheUniversity.
Curriculum
TheundergraduatemajorinEnvironmentalStudies,oneofthecountry’sfirst,waslaunchedin1972,followedsoonthereafterbythecompanionMastersinEnvironmentalStudies(MES)program.Today,Pennoffersdual-degreeprogramsthatallowstudentstocombinetheMESdegreewithgraduatedegreesfrom
Wharton,PennLaw,ortheSchoolofDesign.CoursesincludedinthecombinedMastersofBusinessAdministration/MESprogram,suchasEnvironmental Sustainability and Value Creation,demonstratehowbusinessescanimplement“triple-bottomline”goalsofenvironmentalsustainability,economicprosperity,andsocialequity.StudentsmajoringinScience,TechnologyandSocietycanconcentrateinenergyandenvironmentcourses.TheSchoolofDesignoffersmyriadcoursesthatteachstudentshowtorestoreand/orenhancetheenvironmentthroughMastersprogramsinArchitecture,LandscapeArchitecture,CityandRegionalPlanning,andHistoricPreservation,andanewMastersinEcologicalDesign.TheSchoolofDesignalsocoordinateseffortswiththeTCChanCenter,whichofferscertainfacultyandgraduatestudentstheopportunitytoworkonreal-worldproblemsfocusingonsustainability.GraduatestudentsintheMasterofScienceinAppliedGeosciencesprogramlearntechnicalexpertiseinhydrogeology,geochemistry,engineeringgeology,andgeophysicstoassesstoday’senvironmentalproblems.
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The Program on Law, the Environment, and the Economy
PennLawbringsscholars,regulators,andpolicymakerstocampus,throughThe Program on Law, the Environment, and the Economy,toengageandencourageresearchopportunitiesforstudentsandfacultyonsuchtopicsasglobalwarmingandnaturalhazards.Thediversecompilationofspeakersaffordsacomprehensiveviewofenvironmentalissues.
Terra Pass
TerraPassisaleadingcarbonoffsetsystemthatwasdevelopedbyPennProfessorKarlUlrichandhis2004WhartonMBAclass.Sincethen,TerraPasshasenabledindividualsandbusinessestoreduceover1billionpoundsofcarbondioxideworldwide.
Initiative for Global Environmental Leadership
Wharton’sInitiativeforGlobalEnvironmentalLeadershipdrawsinfluentialexecutivestoPenntodiscussandresearchthenexusofbusinessandtheenvironment.Studentsoftenpartnerwiththisresearchgivingnewperspectivesandlearningfromexpertsinthefield.
Penn Environmental Group
Establishedin1971,thePennEnvironmentalGroupwascreatedbystudentsenergizedbythefirstEarthDayin1970.TheGroupprovidesaforumtodiscussenvironmentalissuesatthelocal,national,andinternationallevel.Asanextracurricularactivity,PEGisanavenueformembersofthePenncommunitytoincrease
theirenvironmentalengagement.Pasteventshostedbythegrouphaveincludedacompactfluorescentlightbulbexchange,treeplanting,andasustainability-relatedspeakerseries.
Institute for Environmental Studies
HousedwithintheDepartmentofEarthandEnvironmentalStudies,theInstituteforEnvironmentalStudiesaimstofosteradiscussionofeconomic,scientific,andpoliticalrelatedtoenvironmentalmanagement.UrbanenvironmentalissuesandwatershedsaretwooftheInstitutes’priorityareas.Penn Engineers Without Borders (PennEWB)
TheUniversity’sEngineersWithoutBordersprovidessustainabledevelopmentassistancelocallyandabroad.PennEWBpairstechnicalassistancewitheducationalopportunitiestoprovidedevelopmentassistance,focusedprimarilyonbasicinfrastructureprovision.PreviousprojectshaveincludedwatersupplyworkinruralCameroonandtheconstructionofabiodieselprocessoratanagriculturalhighschoolinPhiladelphia.
Organizational Dynamics
TheOrganizationalDynamicsprogram,intheSchoolofArtsandSciences,willofferanewconcentrationinsustainabledevelopmentthroughapartnershipwithRohmandHaasCompany.RohmandHaasisaninternationalleaderincutting-edgetechnologyforspecialtymaterialsindustry.The$100,000giftfromRohmandHaastotheprogramwillnotonlysupportthenewconcentrationbutwillfundthe
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5.9 Academicscreationofasustainabledevelopmentgraduatecertificateprogram.Thisinnovativepartnershipforgesthewayforacademicintuitionsandcorporatefirmstoworktogetheronissuesandbestpracticesofsustainability.Inaddition,theRohmandHaasgiftwillfundeffortstodrawadiversestudentbodywhichwillaidinenrichingtheentireOrganizationalDynamicsprogramandthebroadersustainabilityagendaatPenn.
Mission
Tomakeclimatechangeandsustainabilitypartofthecurriculumandeducationalexperienceavailabletoallstudents.
Recommendations
A. Update existing University undergradu-ate minor in Organizations and Envi-ronmental Management to Sustainabil-ity and Environmental Management.
1. Identifyandreceiveacommitmentoffacultymembersfromeachunder-graduateschool(Wharton,Engineer-ing,andArtsandSciences)toassistinrestructuringthisminor,withonefacultymemberfromeachpartici-patingschooltobethemanagementliaisonandprovideadvisingservices;
2. Determinetheprocessbywhichmi-norstudentswillbeguaranteedad-mittancetothecorerequiredcourses;and
3. Advertisethisminor.
B. Ensure that courses related to sustain-ability in the course register have sus-tainability as a keyword and ensure that faculty has online syllabi posted on Course in Touch.
1. Determinewhichcoursesandfacultyneedtobecontactedtoremindandinstructthemonhowtoupdatetheirdescriptionandpostonlinesyllabithroughthehireofastudentintern;and
2. Contactallfacultywhoteachsustain-abilityrelatedcoursesandrecom-mendthattheyhighlightsustainabil-ityintheircoursedescriptionorotheradvertisementofthecourse.
C. Coordinate with Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL) to hold sustainabil-ity workshops for faculty to find ways to incorporate sustainability into their courses, and for graduate students to learn more about green jobs.
1. Askforfacultyandgraduatestudentinvolvement;
2. Developthecurriculumforthesus-tainabilityworkshop;
3. Usethisworkshoptohelpdeterminethetypesofcoursesthataremissingfromthecurrentlist;and
4. InvolveFacilitiesandRealEstateServices(FRES)internparticipationtocoordinatevolunteerfaculty,stu-dents,andstaffmemberstoassistwiththeworkshops.
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D. Develop Sustainability Research in Ac-tion courses.
1. Solicitandevaluateproposalsfromfacultyforthecreationofthesecours-es,tobeoverseenbytheAcademicssubcommittee;
2.Recruitaleaderofgovernment,non-profit,orindustrytopresentaclassproblem;
3. Assignclasstoresearchthetopic,evaluatecurrentliterature,interpretdata,anddevelopreports;
4. Reportfindingsandrecommenda-tionsattheconclusionofthecourse;
5. Researchfundingcouldincludetravelfundsforrecruitedleader,stu-dentfieldresearch,orequipmentandsuppliesforresearchpurposes;
6. Possiblefundingsharedbetweenschoolsandcenters;and
7. Lookforpotentialoutsidefundingopportunities(stimuluspackage,do-nors)tosupportthedevelopmentofmoresustainabilityrelatedcourses.
E. Provide community engagement oppor-tunities for students through existing community outreach programs at Penn, including pro-seminar programs and summer internships.
1. Developaninventoryofthecurrentlyofferedpro-seminarsandsummerin-ternshipsthatrelatetosustainability;
2. Investigateexpansionofcurrentpro-grams;
3. Findfacultytodevelopacoursetohelpstudentsengagewiththecom-munityaroundsustainabilityissues;and
4. ContinuesupportofthePennGreenFreshmenPre-OrientationProgram.
F. Develop Seminars/Guest Lectures of visiting scholars.
1. Developacoordinatedandfocusedseminarseriesrelatedtosustainabil-ity,broadlydefined;and
2. Setupaseriesoftwotothreehigh-profileseminarspersemesterthatwouldbedesignedsothatguestspeakersgivetwolectures:oneare-searchseminarandthesecondapre-sentationinanintroductoryorinter-mediatelevelundergraduatecourseinwhichthespeakerwoulddiscussherorhisresearchinthecontextofthecoursecontent.
G. Make the Penn Reading Project a sus-tainability related subject, such as water or energy, for the academic year 2010-2011.
1. ComposealetterofsupportfromtheEnvironmentalSustainabilityAdvi-soryCommittee(ESAC)AcademicssubcommitteeforasustainabilityrelatedsubjectastheacademicyearthemetoDavidFox,thedirectorofthePennReadingProject;and
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5.9 Academics2. Vetandselectappropriatebookor
otherpertinentpublication.
H. Enhance publicity regarding seminars, conferences, and other special programs through coordination with the Commu-nications subcommittee and the Green Campus Partnership.
1. Postwebsitesofspecificdepartments,centers,orprogramsthatsponsorsustainabilityrelatedseminars;
2. MarketthecentralsourceofeventinformationtothePenncommunity;
3. Periodicallymonitorthesesitesforspecialevents;
4. Developemaillistsforseminarsandspecialprograms;
5. Createandmaintainaneventscal-endarforallsustainabilityseminars,conferences,andotherspecialpro-grams;and
6.Usethee-newslettertopromotetheseevents.
I. Expand student participation in re-search.
1. Createaninventoryofcurrentstu-dentresearcharoundsustainabilitytopicstocreateasamplelistofre-searchopportunities;
2. WorkwithCenterforUndergraduateResearchandFellowshipsandWeissTechHouseandotherschoolsandcenterstosupportundergraduateresearch;
3. SupportUniversityScholarsforsus-tainabilityresearch;and
4. Getapprovalfromfacultytoal-lowtheirresearchtobeclassifiedassustainability-relatedandadvertisedonthewebsite.
Progress
EagertoimplementtheClimate Action Plan recommendations,theUniversityhasalreadybeguntoweavesustainabilityintocurriculumandeducationalopportunities.Currently,eachofPenn’s12schoolsofferscourseworkfocusedonenvironmentalsustainability,producingremarkablebenefitsforthecampusandbeyond.
Curriculum
AsnotedintheIntroduction,anewminor, SustainabilityandEnvironmentalManagement,isavailabletostudentsstartinginthefallsemester2009.TheminorisapartnershipbetweentheSchoolofArtsandSciences,theWhartonSchool,andtheSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScience,andprovidesstudentsnotonlywithascientificandenvironmentalunderstandingofsustainabilitybutalsowithakeenabilitytoassessriskandchangeassociatedwithenvironmentalissues.TheSchoolofDesign’snewtwo-yearMastersofEcologicalDesignprogramwilllaunchin2009.Thisprogramfocusesonthedynamicrelationshipbetweenthenaturalandbuiltenvironment,andisavailabletostudentsstudyingarchitecture,landscapedesign,planning,urbandesign,andhistoricpreservation.
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In2007,PennbeganofferingToward Environmental Sustainability on Penn’s Campus,aninnovativeclassthatculminateswithstudentpresentationstosenioradministratorsonwaystoadvancetheUniversity’ssustainabilitygoalsandreducetheUniversity’scarbonfootprint.Thiscourseprovidesstudentswithanopportunitytoapplytheirworkintheclassroomtorealworldproblems,isco-taughtbytheUniversity’sEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator,andincludesapresentationtosenioradministratorsoffinalprojects.
PennGreen
PennGreenisapre-orientationprogramofferedto40incomingfreshmentoprovidestudentswithanenvironmentalintroductiontoPennandPhiladelphiawhilebuildingtheircapacitytoengageinenvironmentalactivismandlearning.
Responsibility
TheOfficeoftheProvostandtheSustainabilityTeamwilloverseetheimplementationoftheClimate Action Plan’s Academicrecommendations.RegularupdatesandprogressbriefingswillbeprovidedtotheProvostonascheduledeterminedbytheoffice.AsetofmetricshavebeencreatedtomonitorPenn’sprogressontherecommendationsrelatedtoacademicsandtheoverallacademicmission:
• Numberofpeopleenrolledinsustainabilitycourses
• Numberofsustainabilitycoursesoffered• NumberofstudentsenrolledintheSustainabilityandEnvironmentalManagement minor, MastersofEcologicalDesignprogramandMastersofEnvironmentalScience.
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5.9 Academics
Funding
Whiletherecommendationsrelatedtoacademicswillnotnecessarilyseeafinancialreturnintheshortterm,thelong-termeffectsofincludingsustainabilityinthecurriculumandothereducationalopportunitiesatPennwillbefarreaching.UpdatingtheexistingUniversityminorandensuringthatsustainabilitycoursesarecodedforeasysearchingwillbecarriedoutintheOfficeoftheProvost.FRESandtheOfficeoftheProvostwillallotequalresourcesfortheimplementationofmanyoftherecommendations,suchastheSustainabilityResearchinActionprograms,UndergraduateUniversityScholarssustainabilityresearch,andsustainabilityguestseminars/lectures.TheProvostwillcontributetothePennGreenorientationprogram.Forfurtherinformationonfunding,seeAppendixB.
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Background
TheCommunicationssubcommitteewasthefirstintra-campuscommunicationontheissueofplanningasustainablecampus,crossingovertheboundariesofteaching,research,andoperationsinordertocollaborateonbehalfofonecommongoal—toeffectivelyportraytheeffortsoftheClimate Action Plantoavarietyofaudiencesinadiversearrayofmedia.
UnderthebannerofPenn’sGreenCampusPartnership,theCommunicationssubcommitteeisthestewardoftheUniversity’scommitmenttoreducingitscarbonfootprintandenhancingitsoverallsustainabilitypracticesusingtheClimate Action Plan asitsfoundation.Along-rangestrategytoreducePenn’scarbonfootprint,thePlanstrivestobuildandmaintainaculturethatintegratessustainabilitypracticesintotheoperationalandacademicplanningoftheUniversityandgeneratesparticipationamongthestudents,staff,faculty,andvendorsdoingbusinesswithPenn.
Mission
Acampaignhasbeendevelopedtocommunicateclear,concise,andaccuratepublicinformationthatinformsthebroadinternalPenncommunityandkeyexternal
PennstakeholdersaboutthegoalsoftheClimate Action Plan and theobjectivesoftheGreenCampusPartnership.ThecampaignwilleducateandmotivatePennstakeholderstohelptomeetthestatedgoalsoftheClimate Action Planthroughindividualparticipation.Thecampaignwillalsoregularlyprovideupdatesontheprogressbeingmade,soastobuildconfidenceandcredibilityamongthePenncommunityaboutitscommitmenttooperatingasustainableinstitution.
Thecommunicationsgoalsinclude:
• EducatePennstakeholdersaboutthevalueandbenefitsofenergyconservation,andmotivatethemtoreduceconsumptionofelectricityandotherutilities;
• EducatePennstakeholdersaboutthevalueandbenefitsofminimizingwasteandincreasingrecycling,andmotivatethemtoparticipateinrecyclingprogramsandevents;
• EducatePennstakeholdersaboutthevalueandbenefitsofusingpublictransit,walking,bicyclingorcarpooling,asopposedtosingle-useauto-transit,andmotivatethemtotrynew,moresustainablemethodsofcommuting;
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• PromotetoPennstakeholderstheoutletsandopportunitiesforeducatingthemselvesaboutthemyriadaspectsofenvironmentalsustainability,andmotivatethemtotakecoursesand/orparticipateinprograms,lecturesandevents;and
• EducatePennstakeholdersaboutthevalueandbenefitsofconstructingandmaintainingacampusofhighperformancesustainablebuildingsandlandscapes,andreinforcethesustainabilityaspectsofthePennConnectscampusplan.
Recommendations
AmultitudeofcommunicationstacticshavebeenplannedastherecommendedmethodsformosteffectivelycommunicatingtheUniversity’ssustainabilitycommitment,goals,andaspirations,whichincludethefollowingelements:
• Branding: ApplyGreenCampusPartnershipidentityonallrelevantmaterialsfrombrochures,towebsites,torecyclingbins--toestablishandcommunicatePenn’scampaign
• Messaging: DevelopmessagesandtalkingpointstobeusedUniversity-wideincollateralmaterials,webcommunications,mediarelations,andspeeches/presentations;identifyUniversityspokespersonsandsupportwithmessagedevelopmenttraining.
• Executive Leadership:ArrangeforexecutiveleadershiptospeakontheClimate Action Plan andPenn’sGreenCampusPartnershiptofaculty,students,andstaff,andtourcampusprojects(buildings,classes,andresearchprojects)thatillustrateinvestmentinsustainabilityasacorevalueofPenn;capturewithphotosofstudents,postonline,etc.toshowconsistentinterestandsupport.
• Print Collateral: ProduceasignaturepieceofcollateralthatistheexecutivesummaryoftheClimateActionPlan
• Direct E-Mail Newsletter: DesignanewGreenCampusPartnershipe-newsletterforUniversity-widedistributionsixtimesannuallythatincludeskeymessagesonPenn’sactions,informationonthePlan’sprogress,helpfultipsonhowpeoplecanparticipate,andprofilesoffaculty,studentsandstaffcontributingtothePlan’ssuccess.
• Web Communications: EnsurethattheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsiteisanup-to-date,accurate,user-friendlyrepositoryofvaluableinformationforreducingcampuscarbonemissions.EstablishanewsectionofthesitethattracksprogressoftheClimate Action Plan.CreateapresenceinsocialmediasuchasFacebookandTwitter.
• Events and Promotions: Workwithstudent,faculty,andstaffgroupstoproduceeventsthatgalvanizethecampuscommunityandbringattentiontothegoalsoftheClimate Action PlanandtheGreenCampusPartnershipingeneral.
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5.9 Communications• Training and Learning:PromoteopportunitiesforeducationandtrainingtothebroadUniversitycommunityregardingthegoalsoftheClimate Action Plan byprovidingcontenttoschoolsandcentersrelatedtothegoalsoftheClimate Action Plan.Targethighprioritygroupsthatrepresentfaculty,students,andstafftogivepresentationsthatdescribethemajorgoals,targets,andinitiatives;andrecruitpeopletogetinvolvedrepresentingtheirdorm,office,orlab;createandpromoteapledgeandleavebehindateachmeeting,ordirectindividualstoanonlinepledgeform.
• Advertising: CreateaseriesofbothonlineandprintmediaadvertisementsthatbrandtheGreenCampusPartnership,promotethegoalsoftheClimate Action Plan,andeducateaudiencesaboutthecriticalroleofpersonalbehavior,whilealsodrivingaudiencestothewebsite,andtoattendspecialevents.
• Presentations: DeveloppresentationstocarrykeymessagesdirectlytotargetedaudienceswithinthePenncommunityandtoexternally.
• Point of Contact: EnhancethecampustoursmanagedbytheAdmissionsOfficetofeaturesustainabilityatPenn.Generatecontentforvideowelcomescreensandpostersinbuildingsthatpromotethesustainabilityaspectsofthatbuilding,ormorebroadly,thegoalsofthecampaign,helpfultipsandadviceinsustainablepractices,etc.
• Media Relations: Continuetogeneratepositivemediabypitchingstoriesandfieldinginquires. Developapresslistofjournaliststhatcoversustainability,highereducationforbroadcast,web,andprintfortrade,international,national,regionalandlocaloutlets.Identifyopportunitiesatnational,localandindustryoutletstocommunicatePenn’scampaign,thesuccessofitsefforts,andprofileindividualscholarsandadministrators.Leveragemilestonesinthesustainabilitycampaignbywritingandissuingpressreleasestokeepmediainformed,andgeneratecoverage.Pressconferencesand/ormediaeventswillbeproducedformajormilestonessuchasannouncingtheClimate Action Plan,theribboncuttingorgroundbreakingofnewbuildingstopromotetheirLEEDcharacteristics,visitinglecturersandspeakers,etc.
Climate Action Plan Announcement
OnSeptember16,2009,PresidentGutmannisscheduledtoannouncethecompletionoftheClimate Action Plan,andkickoffamulti-yearcommitmenttoenhancePenn’soverallsustainabilitypractices. Thisincludedacampus-wideeventtowhichallmembersofthecommunitywereinvitedbythePresident,viaanUniversity-wideemailnotification;apressreleaseandamediaadvisoryannouncingtheClimate Action Plankickoffeventtogeneratelocalandnationalpressattention;anopenletterfromthePresidentincampuspublications,layingoutgoalsoftheClimate Action PlananditsimportancetoPenn;launch
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anewhomepagefortheGreenCampusPartnershipwebsite;distributecopiesofanexecutivesummaryoftheplanandprovidingpromotionalandeducationalmaterialsforattendees.
Progress
Muchprogresshasbeenmadeoverthepastseveralyearsingeneratingpositivepresscoveragetonational,trade,andlocalmediaoutletsaboutPenn’scommitmenttotheenvironmentfromanacademicandoperationalperspective.Pennisregularlyfeaturedforitsinnovativeworkinenergymanagement,purchasingandprocurementstrategies,recyclingandsupportoflocalfarmers.
Middle Class Task Force Event
InFebruary2009,PennhostedVicePresidentJoeBidenashepresidedovertheObamaAdministration’sinaugural“MiddleClassTaskForce”meetingonthegreencollareconomy.Pennwasfeaturedprominentlyforitsdedicationtoenergymanagementandgreeningthebuiltenvironment.
Green Power Award
Inaddition,PennhasforseveralyearsbeenrecognizedbytheEPAwithitsGreenPowerAwardasthelargestconsumerofwindenergyamonginstitutionsofhighereducation.Pennhaswonthisawardin2006,2007,and2008.
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5.9 CommunicationsPenn Future Award
CitizensforPennsylvania’sFuture(PennFuture)awardedPennthePennFuture“GreenPower”Award.Alongside25individuals,privateindustries,governmentagencies,andpublicinterestorganizationsthathavehelpedtobuildPennsylvania’srenewableenergymarket.
Scientific American Green Leader Award
In2009,Scientific AmericanrankedPennnineteenthonitslistofthecountry’s“Top25GreenLeaders”,theonlyhigher-educationinstitutionsalongsideotherenvironmentally-consciouscompaniesandmunicipalities.Pennwasrecognizedforitswindpowerpurchases.CommunityInvolvementPenn’ssustainabilityleadershipextendsfarbeyonditscampusborders.ManyofPenn’sstaffandfacultyareresourcesforcommunityorganizations,localgovernment,andnon-profitsinPhiladelphia.Throughcommunitycollaboration,Penncanaffectadiversesetofsustainabilitygoals.
• Penn’sExecutiveVicePresidentisthechairmanoftheUniversityCityDistrict,aspecialservicesdistrictdedicatedtoimprovingthequalityoflifeinPenn’sadjacentneighborhoods
• TheVicePresidentofFRESwasappointedbyPhiladelphiaMayorMichaelNuttertoserveastheco-chairoftheCity’sSustainabilityAdvisoryBoard;sheworkscloselywiththeCity’sSustainabilityDirectorindevelopingPhiladelphia’ssustainabilityframework
• Penn’sEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinatorisafounderandcurrentchairoftheDelawareValleyGreenBuildingCouncil,anonprofitgroupworkingtotransformtheregionthroughsustainableandenvironmentallyresponsibleplanning,design,constructionandoperation.
Responsibility
TheESACCommunicationssubcommitteewasformedin2007towritethecommunicationsplanandexistsasboththestrategicandimplementationarmsofthiseffort.Thecommittee,nowknownastheGreenCampusPartnershipMarketingandCommunicationscommittee,iscomprisedofmarketing,communications,andpublicaffairsstaffaswellasstudentrepresentativesfromvariousareasacrossPenn,withvariousdegreesofexpertiseandperspectivesuchasmediarelations,marketing,webcommunications,specialeventmanagementandpromotionstoadvancethegoalsofthecampaign.
Funding
Expensesforthecampaign’skickoffandfirstyearare$180,000fundedfromgeneraloperatingresources,aswellasleveragingexistingmarketingbudgetsalreadyallocatedtosupportsustainability.Formoreinformationonfunding,seeAppendixB.
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Conclusion 6
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6 ConclusionFewpeopletodayareawareoftheconnectionbetweentheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandtheLewisandClarkExpedition.WhenPresidentThomasJeffersoncommissionedhismosttrustedaide,CaptainMeriwetherLewis,toleadtheCorpsofDiscoverytothenewlypurchasedNorthwestTerritories,hewantedthecaptaintobeaswellpreparedaspossibleforwhateverhemightfindintheunexploredlandsuptheMissouriRiver.In1803,ayearbeforeLewisandClark’sdeparturefromSt.Louis,JeffersonsentLewistotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatostudywithAmerica’smostprominentscientists:BenjaminBartonforbotanyandnaturalsciences,BenjaminRushformedicineandbiology,CasparWistarforcomparativeanatomy,andAndrewEllicottandRobertPatterson.Penn,foundedbyBenjaminFranklinover50yearsearlier,wastheforemostcenterofresearchandstudyofthepracticalarts.LewisspentaboutthreemonthsinPhiladelphialearningandpreparingforhistrip.
Agoodmetaphorforculture’sappreciationofthechallengesofsustainabilityiscapturedinLewis’journaltwoyearsintothejourneyuptheMissouri.1Scoutingalongaridgefaraheadofhismen,Lewishadhisfirstglimpseofthe
1 ThisreferencewasnotedbyHarvardSustainabilityDirectorLeithSharpinherGreenBuildMasterSpeakerslectureinBoston,November2008
snow-cappedMontanaRockies.Hisjournalentryreflectsbothprideofaccomplishmentandtrepidationforthehardshipsahead:
…while I viewed these mountains, I felt a secret pleasure in finding myself so near the head of the heretofore boundless Missouri; but when I reflected on the difficulties which this snowy barrier would throw in my way, … it in some measure counter- balanced the joy I had felt in the first moments in which I gazed on them.
ThisiswhereAmericansocietystandsinitsrelationtosustainability:attheedgeofgreatopportunity.Pennhasseenthelandscapechangedramatically.Inthecomingyears,theUniversity–andourcultureasawhole–willhaveexcitingopportunitiestoeffectchangesinbehavior,choices,anddirection.TheintentofPenn’sClimate Action Plan,andthegoalofthisoveralleffort,istomakethesustainablechoicesthedefaultchoicesforthecampuscommunity.TobuildthefutureenvisionedbyPenn’sleaders,theUniversitymustcontinuetolead.LikeMeriwetherLewisontheMissouri,itisonlyinhavingcomesofar,andhavinglearnedsomuchthatonecanseetheenormityofthechallengesahead.Pennisreadytoacceptthesechallenges–andlooksforwardtocontinueddiscoveries.
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Glossary 7
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7 GlossaryACUPCC: American College and University President’s Climate Commitment
ThispledgecommittedPenntodevelopingplansforsignificantreductionofitsemissionsofclimate-alteringgreenhousegases.
AEPS: Alternative Energy Portfolio Standard
Act213,signedintolawbyPennsylvaniaGovernorEdwardRendellinNovember2004,requiresthatelectricdistributioncompaniesprovideacertainpercentageoftheirenergyfromalternativesystems,withagradualincreasefrom5.7percentin2007to18percentby2021.
ASHRAE: American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers
ASHRAEisaninternationalorganizationof51,000persons,withamissiontopromotesustainabilitythroughresearch,standardswriting,publishingandcontinuingeducationintheareasofheating,ventilation,airconditioningandrefrigeration.
AUNI: Agatston Urban Nutrition Initiative
AUNIworkstoimprovecommunitynutritionandhealthinPhiladelphia,particularlyobesityandnutrition-relateddiseasessuchasdiabetes,throughservice-basedlearningandcommunityengagement.
BAU: Business-As-Usual
Assumingnocarbonreductionstrategiesareimplemented.
BPAT+: Building Performance Assessment Tool
Atoolwhichusessteadystateequationstodeterminetheperformanceandenergyconsumptionofabuildingwithouttheneedtoinstallmetersordevelopcomplexsimulationmodels.
BSD: Business Services Division
BSDprovidestheleadership,businesspractices,residentialandparkingservicesneededtodevelopandmaintainahospitable,community-friendly,andservice-orientedcampusenvironment.
CRT: Cathode Ray Tube
Cathoderaytubeswereoriginallyusedincomputers,butarelarge,heavy,andusegreatamountsofelectricenergy,makingthemlessdesirable.
CTL: Center for Teaching and Learning
CTLsupportsteachingattheUniversityofPennsylvania.CTLworkstohelpstandingfaculty,adjunctfaculty,andteachingassistantsdevelopandimprovetheirteaching,topromotevaluableconversationsaboutteachingamongthosegroups,andtoenhancethequalityofeducationatPenn.
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DVGBC: Delaware Valley Green Building Council
DVGBCisanonprofitmembershiporganizationwhosemissionistotransformtheDelawareValleythroughsustainableandenvironmentallyresponsibleplanning,design,constructionandoperationoftheregion’sbuildings,landscapes,citiesandcommunities,mindfulofthelegacyleftforfuturegenerations
.EDCs: Electric Distribution Companies
TherearesevenmajorEDCsinPennsylvania,eachwithatleast100,000customers.
EHRS: Environmental Health and Radiation Safety
ThemissionofEHRSistopromotehealthsafetyandenvironmentalprotectioninteaching,research,healthcare,andadministrativeactivities,andensurecompliancewithfederal,state,andlocalregulationstoachieveoptimalcontrolorreductionofhazardsandexposureswhicharedetrimentaltopeople,property,andtheenvironment.
ESAC: Environmental Sustainability Advisory Committee
ESAC,madeupoffaculty,administrators,andstudents,andchairedbytheVicePresidentofFRES,wasestablishedtogaininputfromabroadsetofcampusconstituenciesregardingPenn’sClimate Action Plan.
FRES: Facilities and Real Estate Services
FRES,asstewardsofPenn’sphysicalenvironment,strivestoprovideinnovativeandcost-effectivesolutionsthatembracePenn’srichpastandenhancethequalityoftheUniversity’slivingandlearningexperience.FRESdoestheUniversity’splanning,design,construction,maintenance,operations,andrealestateservices.
FSC: Forest Stewardship Council
TheFSCwascreatedtopromotethepracticeofsustainableforestrythroughouttheworld.TheFSChasdevelopedasetofprinciplesandcriteriaforforestmanagementthatareapplicabletoallFSC-certifiedforeststhroughouttheworldandensurethatforestsandforestproductsarehandledinasustainablemanner.
GCP: Green Campus Partnership
GCPistheumbrellagroupthataddressesenvironmentalsustainabilityandstewardship,andadvocatesforenhancedsustainabilitypoliciesatPenn.ItincludesESACaswellasfacultyandstudentgroups.TheGCPwasformedafterPresidentGutmannsignedtheACUPCCinFebruary2007,thefirstIvyLeaguepresidenttodoso.
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7 GlossaryGHG: Greenhouse Gases
Thesearegaseswhichallowsunlighttoentertheatmospherefreely;someoccurinnature,suchaswatervapor,carbondioxide,andmethane,whileothersareexclusivelyhuman-made.IntheUnitedStates,greenhousegasemissionsareprimarilytheresultofcombustionoffossilfuelsinenergyuse.
Green IT: Green Information Technology
GreenITistheenvironmentallyresponsibleuseofcomputersandrelatedresources,encouraginguseofbothenvironmentallyfriendlymanufacturersandsustainablecomputerpracticesfromtheuser.
HVAC: Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning
ThemainpurposeofanHVACsystemistohelpmaintaingoodindoorairqualitythroughadequateventilationwithfiltrationandprovidethermalcomfort.
IEMI: International Environmental Management Initiative
IEMIprovidesaforumforinterdisciplinarysolutionstoenvironmentalissues.IEMIwasstartedbyprofessorsfromPenn’sWhartonSchool,SchoolofDesign,andCollegeofArtsandSciences.IEMI’sresearchandteachingaddressenvironmentalissuesthroughthelensesofbusinessandpolicy.
IGEL: Initiative for Global Environmental Leadership
IGELbringstogetheranetworkofleadingexpertsinrelevantfieldsinbothbusinessandatWhartonandotherSchoolsatPenn,todiscussandresearchselectedtopicsconcerningbusinessandthenaturalenvironment.IGEL’s2009conferencewasentitled:“IntegrativeThinkingaboutLife-CycleAnalysis:PromisesandLimitations.”
kBTU/SF: Kilo British Thermal Units per Square Foot
PennmeasuresannualenergyconsumptioninthousandsofBTUspersquarefoot(kBTU/SF)forspecificbuildingtypesandoccupancies.Thismetricistheclosesttoa“miles-per-gallon”metricavailableforbuildings.
LAMP: Landscape Architecture Master Plan
This1976plancreatedintersectingbrickwalkwaysandthelawnoftoday’sCollegeGreenattheheartofcampus.The1876statueofBenjaminFranklinsetinfrontofCollegeHallamidthegrassandslate-coloredpavingofCollegeGreensetstheiconicimageforthecampus.In2000,theLAMPwasrefinedandupgradedbyateamledbyPennSchoolofDesignfacultymemberLaurieOlin;theheartofcampuswasdedicatedtoteachingandlearningactivities,wherefacultyandstudentscouldmeettoexchangeideas.
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LCD: Liquid Crystal Display
AnLCDmonitorconsistsoffivelayers:abacklight,asheetofpolarizedglass,alayerofcoloredpixels,alayerofliquidcrystalsolution,andasecondpolarizedsheetofglass.LCDmonitorsarebrighter,takeuplessspace,andarelessheavythanCRTmonitors.Moreover,theyuseonlyone-thirdtoone-halfoftheelectricityofCRTmonitors.
LEED: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
LEED is an internationally recognized green building certification system,providingthird-partyverificationthatabuildingorcommunitywasdesignedandbuiltusingstrategiesaimedatimprovingperformanceacrossallthemetricsthatmattermost:energysavings,waterefficiency,CO2emissionsreduction,improvedindoorenvironmentalquality,andstewardshipofresourcesandsensitivitytotheirimpacts.
LEED EB: OM: LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance
LEED CI: LEED for Commercial Interiors
LUCY: Loop through University City
LUCYisashuttleservicethatoperatesbetween30thStreetStation(thestopforregionalrail,Amtrak,andthelocalsubwayandtrolleylines)andcampus.
MES: Masters in Environmental Studies
Penn’sMESprogramoffersamultidisciplinaryapproachtothestudyoftheenvironment.
MTCDE: Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent
Thisisastandardunittomeasureamountofgreenhousegasesreleaseintotheenvironment;emissionsaretypicallyexpressedinacommonmetrictoallowforeaseofcomparison.
MWH: Megawatt hour
Amegawatthourisameasureofelectricityuse–itistheamountofpowerusedifonemillionwattsareusedforonehour.
OCC: Operations Control Center
Penn’sOCCtracksover8,200heating,ventilation,airconditioning,andelectricalusecontrolpointscrosscampus.Fromthiscentral,constantlymonitoredlocation,staffcanregulatePenn’sutilitydistribution,theoperationofairhandlingunitsacrossoncampus,andtemperaturecontrolsatmostcampusbuildings.
PATCO: Port Authority Transport Corporation
PATCOisarapidtransportlinerunningbetweenPhiladelphiaandSouthJersey.
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7 Glossary
PCR: Post Consumer Recycled Paper
Wastepaperthathasserveditsintendedpurposeandhasbeenseparatedfromsolidwastetoberecycledintonewpaper.
PEG: Penn Environmental Group
PEGwasfoundedin1971andcontinuestodaytoprovideaforumtodiscussandtakeactiononenvironmentalissuesatthelocal,national,andinternationallevels.
PennEWB: Penn Engineers Without Borders
PennEWBprovidessustainabledevelopmentassistancelocallyandabroad,pairingtechnicalassistancewitheducationalopportunitiestoprovidedevelopmentassistance,focusedprimarilyonbasicinfrastructureprovision.
Penn IUR: Penn’s Institute of Urban Research
PennIURstudiesthesustainabilityofcitiesandtheinteractionofurbanandnaturalsystems.Asacampus-wideinstitute,PennIURsponsorsanumberofinitiatives,stimulatesresearch,providesopportunitiesforcollaborativeinstructionandengageswiththeworldofpractitionersandpolicymakers.
PHOS: Office of Penn Home Ownership Services
PHOSofferseligibleemployeestheopportunitytoapplyforfinancingforhomepurchasesinWestPhiladelphia.Thedepartmentalsooffershomeimprovement
grants,loans,educationalworkshops,andavarietyofotherresources.
RECs: Renewable Energy Certificates
RenewableEnergyCertificatesareissuedbyagovernmentagencytoapowercompanythatproduceselectricityinanenvironmentallyfriendlymanner.
SEPTA: Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority
SEPTAisaregionalpublicauthoritythatoperatesthepublictransit—throughbus,subway,elevatedrail,regionalrail,lightrailandelectrictrolleybus—inandaroundPhiladelphia.
UC Brite: University City Brite
UCBritepartnerswithhomeownersandapartmentbuildingstoinstallexteriorlightingfixturesatresidencesinUniversityCity.
UCD: University City District
UCDisaneighborhoodimprovementorganizationwhosemissionisto“buildeffectivepartnershipstomaintainacleanandsafeenvironment”whileplanningandadvocatingfortheregion’s“diverse,urbancommunity.”
UC Green: University City Green
UCGreenisanon-profittree-plantingandcommunitybeautificationorganizationintheUniversityCityneighborhood,founded
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in1999bythePennandaconsortiumoflocalinstitutions.
USGBC: United States Green Building Council
TheUSGreenBuildingCouncilisanon-profitorganizationthatcertifiessustainablebusinesses,homes,hospitals,schools,andneighborhoodsandisdedicatedtoexpandinggreenbuildingpracticesandeducation.
VOC: Volatile Organic Compound
AVOCisanyorganiccompoundthatparticipatesinatmosphericphotochemicalreactions.
ZPS: Zone Presence Sensors
Thisdevicedetectsthepresenceofatechnicianatthefumehood:ifthereisnotechnician,thesystemlowerstheairflowfacevelocityatthehoodandreducestheexhaustrate.
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Appendix A: A Commitment to Teaching, Research, and Planning: Environmental Tradition at PennEnvironmentalplanning,thinking,collaboration,andimplementationhavebeenanimportantpartofPenn’scultureformanyyears.PriortoPresidentGutmann’ssigningtheACUPCCorbeforeatmosphericcarbonwasthoughtofasathreattoastableclimate,theUniversityhadinstitutionalizedahostofprogressivesustainabilityprogramsandpractices.
Academic Programs: Pennhasarichhistoryinsustainabilityandenvironmentalsciences.HaydenHall,homeofPenn’sEarthandEnvironmentalScienceDepartment,isnamedforFerdinandVandiveerHayden,wholedearlyscientificsurveysoftheValleyoftheYellowstoneRiverinWyoming,andplayedalargeroleinthecreationofYellowstoneNationalPark.HaydenwasaprofessoratPennintheearly1860sintheDepartmentofGeology,priortohislonganddistinguishedcareerinpublicservice.
Penn’sundergraduatemajorinEnvironmentalStudies,oneofthecountry’sfirst,waslaunchedin1972,followedsoonthereafterbyaprofessional-orientedMastersprogram.ThePhDinEarthSciencehasbeengrantedforoveracentury,withcurrentdissertationsfocusingonclimatechangeandglobalsealevelrise.
Beginninginfall2009,anewundergraduateminorwillbeofferedinEnvironmentalManagementandSustainability,withopportunitiesforengineering,artsandsciences,andbusinessstudentstoenrollinthe
curriculum.Inaddition,consistentwithPresidentGutmann’sgoalofintegratingknowledgeacrossdisciplines,eachofPenn’s12academicandprofessionalschoolsofferscourseworkinenvironmentalsustainability.CurriculumoptionsrangefromanArtsandSciencescourseonthepoliticsoffoodtoclassesonsustainableanimalhusbandryintheDoctorofVeterinaryMedicineprogram.
Otherexamplesinclude:
• TheTC Chan Center for Energy and Simulation withintheSchoolofDesign(co-locatedinBeijingincollaborationwithChina’sTsinghuaUniversity)isoneoftheworld’sleadingcentersofenergyandfluiddynamicscomputermodeling.TheTCChanCenterhasbuiltacloserelationshipwithleadingfacultyandgraduatestudentsparticipatinginenergyconsultingprojectsforthePenn.ThiscontinuesalonghistoryofcollaborationwithpremierChineseuniversities,especiallyTsinghuaUniversity.Inthe1920s,Penn’sGraduateSchoolofFineArtsacceptedseveralstudentsfromTsinghuaintoitsMastersofArchitectureprogram.FiveofthesestudentswouldlaterreturntoChinatoassumeleadingacademicpositionsinpreservationandarchitecturaldesign,oneofwhomlaterreturnedtoBeijingtocarryoutthefirstsystematicstructuralanalysisanddocumentationofancientcountrysidetemplesandthehistoricPalaceinBeijing’sTiananmenSquare.
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Themodernversionoftheinter-UniversitycollaborationwasresumedseventyyearslaterbyPenn’sSchoolofDesign,whichinvitedfacultyandgraduatestudentsfromTsinghuatopartnerwiththeTCChanCenteronresearchandconsultancyprojects.TCChanCenter’scurrentworkrangeslocaltointernational:fromwritinganationalenergyandbuildingcodeforthenationofQatartocollaborationwiththeCityofPhiladelphia’sOfficeofSustainabilityonresearchofdistributedenergygenerationinsoutheasternPennsylvania.TheTCChanCenterhasbeenintegraltoPenn’seffortstoreducecampusenergyuse,andhascarriedoutseveralkeyconsultanciesfortheUniversityoverthepastfiveyears.
• AnewMastersin EcologicalDesignintheSchoolofDesignpreparesstudentsinArchitecture,Planning,HistoricPreservationandLandscapeArchitecturetomeettheneedforgreener,moresustainableplanning,design,andconstruction.IncludedamongthenewfacultyistheCityofPhiladelphia’sfirstsustainabilitydirector.
• TheWhartonSchoolofBusinesslaunchedtheInstitute of Global Environmental Leadershipin2008,tobringtogetherfaculty,students,andrepresentativesfrombusinessestodiscusspressingenvironmentalissues.Forexample,athree-dayconference
heldinMay2009focusedonlife-cycleassessmentandenvironmentalimpactanalysis,andtheiruseasdecision-makingtoolsforbusinessesandinstitutions.
• TheFelsInstituteofGovernmentconvenedaroundtablediscussionduringthespringof2009ontheeconomicsofsustainableagricultureinPennsylvania,bringingtogetherfarmers,nationalleadingnon-profitssuchastheFoodTrust,expertsinurbannutrition,andleadersinfarmlandpreservation.
• Penn’sInstituteofUrbanResearch(PennIUR)studies,alongwithotherdisciplines,thesustainabilityofcities,andtheinteractionofurbanandnaturalsystems.AspartofthePennIURactivities,thechairofPenn’sUrbanPlanningDepartmenteditedatimelybook,Rebuilding Urban Places after Disaster: Lessons from Hurricane Katrina,publishedin2006.
• In2002,PennsponsoredsixgraduateresearchfellowsfromtheRobertWoodJohnsonFoundationtostudythehealtheffectsofenvironmentalissues,includingclimatechangeandenvironmentaltoxins.
Campus Design and Planning:Pennconsciouslydedicatedtocreatinganenvironmentthatsupportspremierteachingandlearningbyaffordingtheentirecommunitythefullbenefitsofinterdisciplinaryintellectualexchange.Fromitsoriginalconfigurationofindividual
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buildingsalongpublicstreets,successivegenerationsofPennleadershaveinvestedinplace-makingtocreateacompactpedestriancampus:aseriesoflandscapedcourtsandlawnslinkedbyleafywalkways.Thepublicrealm–thegardens,lawns,andplazassharedbyallmembersofthePenncommunity–isademocraticsettingforspontaneousinteraction,impromptumeetings,andpublicparticipationindialogueacrossdisciplines.
Theinvestmentinahistorical,pedestriancampusencouragesrenovationandreuseofvaluedbuildingsbyeachsuccessivegeneration,savingresourceswhilecreatingafine-grained,richlydetailedenvironment.InvestmentinPenn’sgreenopenspacehasaffordedtheenjoymentofacarefullycultivatedlandscape,bringinggreaterbiodiversity,lowersummertemperatures,andopportunitiesforrestorativeenvironmentaleffects,suchasnaturalrainwaterinfiltration.Penn’ssustainablecampusunitesthepresentcommunitywithpastgenerationsofscholarsandstudentsbyexpresslyvaluingthelong-termgoalsofthecommunityovertheneedsofanindividualgrouporasinglegeneration:theveryessenceofsustainability.
Theseshared,sustainablevalueshavemadepossibleincreasinglysophisticatedmasterplanningprojects.Themostrecentprojectsinclude:
• In2000,Penn’sLandscapeArchitectureMasterPlan(LAMP)wasrefinedandupgradedbyateamledbyLaurieOlin,
PennSchoolofDesignfacultymemberandfocusedonthequalityofopenspaceoncampus.Knownasthe“GreenPlan,”theOlinteam’sdesignsreducedtheamountofparkingnearthecenterofcampus,convertingsmalllotsintovestpocketparksandsittingareas.Theheartofcampuswasdedicatedtoteachingandlearningactivities,wherefacultyandstudentscouldmeettoexchangeideas.
• Withtheacquisitionof14acresadjacenttoPenn’scampusfromtheUSPostalServicein2006,anewplanningeffort,PennConnects,waslaunched.Theaward-winningmasterplan, ledbytheExecutiveVicePresident’sOffice,theProvost’sOffice,theOfficeoftheUniversityArchitect,andconsultantSasakiAssociates,providesmuch-neededrecreationalspace,enhancesPenn’sconnectiontoCenterCityPhiladelphia,andintroducesstate-of-the-artstormwatermanagement,storage,andreusesystems.By2011,theformerpostallandsparkinglotsandadjacentrecreationfieldswillbetransformedintoPennPark:over22publiclyaccessibleacresoftightlyinterwovenathleticfacilities,formalandinformalplayingfields,andtree-linedbiking,walking,andjoggingtrails.PennParkwillincreasePenn’sopengreenspaceby24percent,andistrulyatransformativeurbancampusamenity.
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Landscape and Water Management:WaterconservationisgrowinginimportancetoPenn,asnaturalandpotablewatersystemsareincreasinglyrecognizedasacriticalcomponentoflivablecities,andwaterscarcityisidentifiedasalimittourbangrowthandeconomicviability.WaterconsumptionhashistoricallyreceivedlittleattentionattheUniversity,asinthepastthecostsforwaterwerelow,basedsolelyonconsumption,andnotcarefullydocumented.StormwaterrunoffmanagementwasexternalizedtotheCitybecausetheUniversityhadnopracticalwayofreducingstormwaterrunoff,andbecausetherewasnoincentiveforprivateentitiestomanagelocalrainwater.
Fortunately,theseconditionsarenowchanging.TheUniversityismorethoroughlymeteringwateruse,hascompleted(inthesummerof2009)installationofmoreefficientshowerheadsandfaucetsinallCollegeHousestudentresidences,andisinthemidstofathree-yearupgradeofcampusirrigationsystemstoreducewaterwaste.TheUniversityLandscapeArchitectspecifiesonlydrought-resistantandnativelandscapespeciesforgardensandplantingstoreduceirrigationandmaintenanceneeds.Pennisplanninganupgradetoastate-of-the-artsmart-irrigationsystem(inaccordancewiththeClimate Action Plan’s PhysicalEnvironmentrecommendations)thathasthecapacitytomonitorsoilconditionsandprovidetherightamountofirrigationonaweeklybasis.
TheCityofPhiladelphia’snewstormwaterregulationsrequirethatanynewdevelopmentmanageon-sitethefirstinchofrainfall,withoutanyadditionalwaterenteringthecity’scombinedsewerandstormwatersystem.Theneteffectofthenewregulationsisadramaticreductionof“combinedseweroverflows,”whichflushrawsewageintotheSchuylkillRiverandDelawareRiversystems.Pennisdoingitspart:fivenewgreenroofstocaptureandholdrainwater,asophisticatedstormwatermanagementsystematPennPark,porouswalkwaysandparkinglotpaving,andarigorousregimeofstreettreeplantingonandoffcampus.
ThePennlandscapemanagementteamemploysbestpracticestoenhancetheenvironmentalqualityofopenspaceinotherwaysaswell.Pesticidesandherbicidesarenotusedexceptinresponsetospecificinfestations,andallleavesarecollected,mulched,andusedastoppingincampusgardens.ThesesustainablepracticesextendbeyondtheWestPhiladelphiacampustoMorrisArboretumandtheNewBoltonCampus.ExcellentcampuslandscapeandsustainablemanagementpracticesdemonstratePenn’scommitmenttosustainabilityinanovertandteachableway,providingclearevidencetothePenncommunityoftheadministration’sdedicationtosustainability.
Business Services and Administrative Initiatives: Penn’sBusinessServicesDivision(BSD)administersandmanagessuchdiverse
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activitiesasstudentdiningandhousing,transitservices,Penn’sbookstore,conferenceplanning,purchasingservices,Penn’sicerink,andhotels.AspartoftheBSD’seffortstoemploybestpracticesandcosteffectiveservices,anumberofimportantsustainabilityinitiativeshavebeenputinplaceovertheyears.
• Purchasing Serviceshasimplementedbestpracticestandardsforprintingandofficesuppliestoensurethatenvironmentalconcernswereconsideredbybusinessadministratorsacrosscampus.Examplesofinnovationsinclude:• Inatestpilotforonedistrictofcampus,officesuppliesweredeliveredinreusableboxestocutdownoncardboardwaste;
• TheonlinepurchasingwebsiteusedbybusinessofficersacrosstheUniversitywasreconfiguredtodirectuserstomoresustainablechoices(recycledcontentpaper,bulkpurchasing,andrecyclableproducts);and
• Campus-widepreferredpurchasingagreementsweremadewithproviderssuchasQuenchwaterfilters,whichreplacedbottledwaterinmanyofficesacrosscampus,reducingwaste,andcuttingcosts.
• Penn Dining expandedthepurchaseoflocalfoodsthroughitscollaboration
withthestudentgroupFarmEcology (seebelow),andalsofacilitatedtheuseofPennstudentdiningplansattheweeklylocalfarmersmarketonPenn’scampus.Inaddition,PennDiningpartneredwithalocalnon-profitstart-uptoturnPenn’strapgreaseintobiodiesel,andparticipatedinamonth-longstudytousetheproductintwoofPennFacilities’trucks.Startinginthefallof2008,Penn’sdininghallseliminatedtrays,savingover110,000gallonsofwaterannuallyandachievingthereductionofgreenhousegasesgeneratedbyheatingwaterfordishwashing.
• PennTransit providesdiscountsandincentivestoreducetheneedforsingle-automobilecommutingamongPennstudents,faculty,andstaff.Theseincludepublictransitsubsidiesandoperatingalternativetransitoptionsaroundcampus,includinglocalbusesanddoor-to-doorlatenightvanservice.SeeSection5.7,theClimate Action Plan’sTransportationrecommendations,foracompletelistofPenn’ssustainabletransportationactivities.
The West Philadelphia Initiative: OfallPenn’sinitiatives,theWestPhiladelphiaInitiativehasprobablyhadthegreatestenvironmentalimpact.Pennhasalwaysembracedthechallengeofexistingwithinanurbanspace—seekingtocombineUniversityandcitylife,ratherthanexcludeit.Whereasmany
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institutionshavesoughttoseparatethemselvesfromtheiradjacentcommunities,Pennwasfoundedonthevisionthataneducationshouldbegreatlyenhancedbythesurroundingcity.PennleadersandpresidentsthroughouttheUniversity’shistoryhaveworkedtointegratethecampuswithinthePhiladelphiaarea,takingintoaccountPenn’scomplexinstitutionalneedsandthoseoftheneighboringcommunity.
TheUniversity’sinvestmentintherevitalizationofWestPhiladelphiaduringthemid-90scontinuedPenn’scommitmenttotheurbancondition,despitepotentialhardships.Atthetime,WestPhiladelphiawasfacedwithsoaringcrimerates,afleeingmiddleclass,decayingproperties,commercialvacancies,andthemigrationoffacultyandstudentstootherpartsofthecityorPhiladelphia’ssuburbs.PresidentJudithRodin,however,wasdeterminedtorejuvenatePenn’surbanenvironment.Takingintoaccounttheexpresseddesiresandconcernsofthecommunity,PennlaunchedaseriesofinitiativesaimedatrestoringWestPhiladelphiaasabustlingcommercial,cultural,andacademichub.TheUniversityinvestedheavilyinimprovedsafetyandcleanlinessthroughoutthearea,convertedpropertyattheedgeofcampusfromparkinglotsintoalivelyretailandmixed-usespace,providedhomeownerbenefitstoUniversityemployees,supportedlocalbusinessesandprofessionals,and–mostimportantly–foundedthelocalPennAlexanderpublicschool,tocreateafirst-rateeducationalopportunityforarearesidents’childrenfromkindergartentoeighthgrade.
ThiscomprehensiveapproachtoinvestinginthesurroundingneighborhoodprovedahugesuccessforPennandthecommunity,mitigatingmanyoftheproblemsformerlyfacingWestPhiladelphia.BythoughtfullyintegratingPenn’sowninterestswiththoseofneighboringresidents,theUniversitymanagedtobringunprecedentedsocialandeconomicchangethroughouttheregion.Crimerateshavedroppedsignificantly,Penn’sstudents,staff,andfacultyactivelyparticipateinneighborhoodactivities,homevalueshaverisendramatically,artisticandculturallifeisvibrant,andtheWestPhiladelphiaareaisregardedasoneoftheregion’smostdynamicsocial,cultural,andeconomicallysuccessfulneighborhoods.Allovertheworld,urbanplannersanddesignersaretryingtocreatewhatWestPhiladelphiaalreadyis:adense,walkable,transit-oriented,diverse,andbeautifulcommunity,withgoodaccesstojobs,retailservices,entertainment,andafirst-rateprimaryeducationsystem.
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Appendix B: Climate Action Plan: Budget & Carbon Reduction Estimates
Five Year Emissionsreductions by activitiy
(MTCDE**)
Five Year Percentagereduced from FY07
baseline SavingsActivityItem
Key** MTCDE- Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Utilities and Operations
Physical Environment
Transportation
Waste Minimization and Recycling
Academics
Communications
Penn Green Fund
86,478
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
86,478Totals=
2010-2014 ESAC Committees - Summary of Carbon Emissions Reductions
23.88%
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
23.88%
$13,684,487.4
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
$13,684,487.4
N/A
N/A
2007 Baseline (MTCDE**) 362,142
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Appendix C: Environmental Sustainability Advisory Committee (ESAC) Membership
ESAC Members:
ESAC Chair:AnnePapageorge VicePresident,FacilitiesandRealEstateServices
ESAC Leadership Team:DanGarofalo EnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator,FacilitiesandRealEstateServicesLaurieCousart Director,BusinessServicesSarahAbroms AssistantEnvironmentalSustainabilityCoordinator,FacilitiesandRealEstate ServicesSteveBelfiglio SustainabilityCommunicationsAssociate,FacilitiesandRealEstateServicesBrittanyBonnette SustainabilityInitiativesAssociate,FacilitiesandRealEstateServices
ESAC Faculty Members:AndrewBinns Faculty,DepartmentofBiology,SchoolofArts&Sciences/AssociateProvost, Education.OfficeoftheProvostWilliamBraham Faculty,ChairoftheDepartmentofArchitecture,SchoolofDesignAndyHuemmler Faculty,CollegeofLiberal&ProfessionalStudiesMarshaLester Faculty,ChairoftheDepartmentofChemistry,SchoolofArtsandSciencesNoamLior Faculty,SchoolofEngineeringandAppliedSciencesAliMalkawi Faculty,SchoolofDesignMuscoeMartin Faculty,SchoolofDesignEricOrts Faculty,WhartonSchoolofBusinessFredScatena Faculty,ChairofEarthandEnvironmentalScience,SchoolofArtsand SciencesVukanVuchic Faculty,SchoolofEngineeringandAppliedSciences
ESAC Staff Members:LarryBell Director,DivisionofBusinessServicesTaylorBerkowitz SeniorPlanner,FacilitiesandRealEstatesServicesDavidHollenberg UniversityArchitect,FacilitiesandRealEstateServicesLynneHunter AssistantProvost,OfficeoftheProvostJoeMonahan PrincipalPlanningEngineer,FacilitiesandRealEstateServicesKenOgawa ExecutiveDirectorofOperations&Maintenance,FacilitiesandRealEstate ServicesLauraPeller Director,EnvironmentalHealth&SafetyPrograms,EnvironmentalHealth andRadiationSafetyKyleRosato EnvironmentalManager,EnvironmentalHealthandRadiationSafety
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RaminSedehi ViceDean,SchoolofArtsandSciencesSaraKing SchoolofArtsandSciencesFacilitiesPlanningandOperationsAnthonySorrentinoExecutiveDirectorofPublicAffairs,OfficeoftheExecutiveVicePresidentKhaledTarabieh DirectorofProjectManagement,FacilitiesandRealEstateServicesEricWeckel DirectorofSpacePlanning&Operations,SchoolofMedicine
ESAC Student Members:NoahAptekar Undergraduate,SchoolofArtsandSciencesJennaStahl Undergraduate,SchoolofArtsandSciencesBradleyDakake MBACandidate,WhartonSchoolofBusinessCassondraGiombetti DoctoralCandidate,GraduateSchoolofEducationJonathanLane GraduateStudent,SchoolofLawKevinLevy Undergraduate,SchoolofArtsandSciencesMikePoll Undergraduate,SchoolofArtsandSciencesDavidSlifka Representative,GraduateandProfessionalStudentAssemblyWilsonTong Undergraduate,ChairofUndergraduateAssembly,SchoolofArtsand SciencesAlecWebley Undergraduate,SchoolofArtsandSciencesLisaZhu Undergraduate,SchoolofArtsandSciences
Academics SubcommitteeAndyBinns(Provost)* [email protected](SAS) [email protected](Provost) [email protected](Wharton) [email protected](SAS) [email protected](SAS) [email protected](grad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected]
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Utilities & Operations SubcommitteeJoeMonahan(FRES)* [email protected](SoD)* [email protected](SoD) [email protected](SEAS) [email protected](SAS) [email protected](FRES) [email protected](FRES) [email protected](FRES) [email protected](grad) [email protected](grad) [email protected](grad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected]
Physical Environment SubcommitteeDavidHollenberg(FRES)* [email protected](SOM)* [email protected](SOM) [email protected](EHRS) [email protected](SoD) [email protected](SoD) [email protected](BSD) [email protected](SAS) [email protected](FRES) [email protected](grad) [email protected](grad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected]
Transportation SubcommitteeVukanVuchic(SEAS)* [email protected](BSD)* [email protected](SOD) [email protected](FRES) [email protected](SOD) [email protected](Grad) [email protected](grad) [email protected]
Appendix C: Environmental Sustainability Advisory Committee (ESAC) Membership
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ColinMcLean(grad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](Undergrad) [email protected]
Waste Minimization & Recycling SubcommitteeKyleRosato(EHRS)* [email protected](GSE) [email protected](SOM) [email protected](purchasing) [email protected](CHAS) [email protected](EHRS) [email protected](EHRS) [email protected](Platt) [email protected](BA) [email protected](grad) [email protected](grad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected]
Communication SubcommitteeTonySorrentino(EVP)* [email protected](BSD) [email protected](BSD) [email protected](Provost) [email protected](Comm) [email protected](grad) [email protected](grad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected](undergrad) [email protected]
Key* Subcommittee Chair or co-Chair
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Sustainability Team: Summer Interns 2008 & 2009BradleyDakake EnergyandSolarPower(WhartonMBA)MauraGoldstein CommunicationsandDining(BAinInternationalRelationsCandidate)BrandonGollotti EnergyMonitoringandConservation,Eco-RepsTraining(BAinUrban StudiesCandidate)JulianGoresko WasteandRecyclingandCommunityInitiatives(MasterofEnvironmental StudiesCandidate)RachelHeiligman TransportationandCarbonOffsets(MasterofCityPlanning)KaraMedow CarbonFootprint(MasterofArchitecture)ChauNguyen CarbonFootpringandBuildingMetering(MasterofArchitecture)RebeccaPopowsky LEEDAnalysis(MasterofArchitecture&LandscapeArchitectureCandidate)AlbertoTecce AirCuityLaboratoryMonitoringSystem(BScinElectricalEngineering, WidenerUniversity)
Appendix C: Environmental Sustainability Advisory Committee (ESAC) Membership
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Appendix D: Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) Background
What is a REC?
AREC(pronounced:rěk)representsthepropertyrightstotheenvironmental,social,andothernonpowerqualitiesofrenewableelectricitygeneration.AREC,anditsassociatedattributesandbenefits,canbesoldseparatelyfromtheunderlyingphysicalelectricityassociatedwitharenewable-basedgenerationsource.RECsprovidebuyersflexibility:
• Inprocuringgreenpoweracrossadiversegeographicalarea.
• Inapplyingtherenewableattributestotheelectricityuseatafacilityofchoice.
Thisflexibilityallowsorganizationstosupportrenewableenergydevelopmentandprotecttheenvironmentwhengreenpowerproductsarenotlocallyavailable.
How do RECs work?
Allgrid-tiedrenewable-basedelectricitygeneratorsproducetwodistinctproducts:
• Physicalelectricity• RECs
Atthepointofgeneration,bothproductcomponentscanbesoldtogetherorseparately,asabundledorunbundledproduct.Ineithercase,therenewablegeneratorfeedsthephysicalelectricityontotheelectricitygrid,whereitmixeswithelectricityfromothergenerationsources.
Sinceelectronsfromallgenerationsourcesareindistinguishable,itisimpossibletotrackthephysicalelectronsfromaspecificpointofgenerationtoaspecificpointofuse.
Asrenewablegeneratorsproduceelectricity,theycreateoneRECforevery1000kilowatt-hours(or1megawatt-hour)ofelectricityplacedonthegrid.IfthephysicalelectricityandtheassociatedRECsaresoldtoseparatebuyers,theelectricityisnolongerconsidered“renewable”or“green.”TheRECproductiswhatconveystheattributesandbenefitsoftherenewableelectricity,nottheelectricityitself.
RECsservetheroleoflayingclaimtoandaccountingfortheassociatedattributesofrenewable-basedgeneration.TheRECandtheassociatedunderlyingphysicalelectricitytakeseparatepathwaystothepointofenduse(seediagram).Asrenewablegeneratorsproduceelectricity,theyhaveapositiveimpact,reducingtheneedforfossilfuel-basedgenerationsourcestomeetconsumerdemand.RECsembodythesepositiveenvironmentalimpactsandconveythesebenefitstotheRECowner.ThefollowingisalistoftheinherentprimaryandderivedattributesthataRECcanconveytoanowner:
Primary REC Attributes • Renewablefuelsource• Emissionsoftherenewablegeneration• Geographiclocationofthegenerator• Vintageofthegenerator• EligibilityforcertificationorRPS
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Derived REC Attributes• Avoidedemissions• Eligibilityforemissionreductioncreditsoroffsets
• Pricestability• EligibilityforcertificationorRPS
TherearetwoapproachestoverifyingRECownershipandtherighttomakeenvironmentalclaims:
• RECcontractsandanauditofthechainofcustody
• RECtrackingsystems(suchasPJMGATSinPennsylvania)
Bothoftheseapproacheshelpbuyersavoiddoublecountinganddoubleclaimsandensureagainstfraud.Ofthetwo,RECtrackingsystemsprovidegreatertransparencywhentrackingRECsfromtheirpointofcreationtotheirpointoffinaluse.
US EPA, Green Power Partnership, “Renewable Energy Certificates”http://www.epa.gov/greenpower/gpmarket/rec.htm (Accessed 08/28/09)
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