university of waterloo presentation (2011)
DESCRIPTION
University of Waterloo Presentation at the 2011 Hydrogen Student Design ContestTRANSCRIPT
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• best mix of educational knowledge and practical experience
• Fuel Cell Design, Fuel Cell Reliability and Failure Modes, Accelerated Testing, Conductive Polymer Blends, Hydrogen Production and Distribution, Greener Energy System, Life Cycle Analysis
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• Design a fuelling station for light-duty hydrogen FCVs for integration into a single residential building
• Production, compression, potential storage, and dispensing elements to be included
• Service a minimum daily capacity of 0.8 kg hydrogen/day/car
• based upon a 35 mile/day commute
• 44 mile/kg fuel economy light-duty fuel cell vehicles
• hydrogen must be compressed to 35 MPa (5000 psig)
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• High rise condominium building
• Located in Waterloo Research and Technology Park
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• Hydrogenics HySTAT 15 electrolyzer
• 15 Nm3/hr produced
• 32.4 kg/day
• 10 bar discharge
• built-in water purification
• municipal water input
• produces FCV-pure H2
• 99.999% pure
• Capable of fuelling 40 cars per day according to design requirements
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Two-stage
Diaphragm
Compressor Booster Compressor
Cascade Mass of H2 (Full) Tank Volume
Low Pressure 14 kg 0.60 m3
Medium Pressure 10 kg 0.43 m3
High Pressure 10 kg 0.43 m3
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• located upon entrance to parking garage for ease of access
• three-line charging system (priority controls)
• electronic compensation for temperature and pressure effects
• SAE J2600 compliant nozzles with SAE J2601 compliant dispenser-vehicle communications
• maximum fill time: 5 minutes
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Key Features:
• blast-proof walls (2 hour fire resistance)
• blast-proof windows with thermoplastic glaze
• holds all major equipment (electrolyzer, primary and booster compression, storage cascade)
• pressure relief system with inert purging gas
• outside ventilation
• limited access (maintenance staff only)
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• FMEA revealed significant hazards associated with human error, deliberate vandalism / terrorism, external fires, flooding and weather conditions, and potential valve failures, blockages or leaks along the lines
• Main potential consequences of these hazards include fire, explosion and suffocation
• Equipment placed in a secure special room designed to BNQ Hydrogen Installation Code. Dispenser on outdoor island protected by concrete-filled pipes
• Process control system shuts down equipment if fire, leak, or elevated temperatures or pressures detected
• Individual system components designed to relevant codes and standards
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• Heat recovery for water and space heating
• Electrolyzer energy consumed • 683,280 kWh/year
• 290 solar photovoltaic (PV) panels • 60,030 kWh/year
• 4 Wind turbines • 7000+ kWh/year
• 20 Human Powered Bicycles (fitness room) • 10,676 kWh/year
Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design (LEED®) Gold Certification Credits include: • Being close to public transit • Low Emitting Materials
(paint) • Light Pollution Reduction
TOTAL OFFSET = 11.3%
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0.000
50.000
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350.000
Gasoline (Low S) 2010 Gasoline (Low S) 2050 CH2 Fuel Cell 2010 CH2 Fuel Cell 2050
CO
2 E
qu
iv (
g/km
)
Type of Fuel and Year
Carbon Equivalent Emissions – Conventional Gasoline vs FCVs
Vehicle Operation
Upstream
Vehicle Material & Assembly
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• Savings of $404.8/year • Cost to produce 1 kg of H2 is $3.90
• Refueling stations available in Torrance, California for the Honda FCX Clarity
• Hydrogenics and ITM Power have built electrolysis units especially for residential use
• Technologies improving, will be more common in the future
Vehicle Type Cost ($/year)
Conventional ICE $1532.58
Fuel Cell Vehicle $1127.78
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Key strategies:
• viral marketing campaign
• local newspaper feature
• bus shelter and exterior advertising
• branding of UW’s FCV
• info sessions @ UW
• open-door cafe in building
• comprehensive info station at condominium
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