UNREST

SINCE TODAY IS DISNEY DAY…• To start off- I figured since today is Disney Day- let’s

go over Disney World!

• Opened on October 1, 1971

• Most visited vacation resort in the world- over 52 million people visit there each year!

• Walt Disney developed it to supplement Disneyland in California

• He died before construction began for Disney World (1966)

• Disney had various “agents” purchase up the land around Orlando so as not to allow people to find out what he was planning

• Near Orlando

• Many of the land sections bought had been purchased in just a few acres- finally totaling up to 30,500 acres!

• Most of the land was swamp- so land owners were happy to sell it- some of it was purchased for around $100 an acre

• The park started with the Magic Kingdom• The hotels that were completed for the opening

were the Contemporary Resort Hotel, Polynesian Village, and Fort Wilderness

• Roy O. Disney (Walt Disney’s brother) dedicated the property- called it Walt Disney World in honor of his late brother

• Second theme park was EPCOT Center (Epcot) which opened in 1982

• Showcasing new technology• “community of tomorrow”

• Third park- Disney-MGM Studios (Disney’s Hollywood Studios) opened in 1989

• Fourth park- Disney’s Animal Kingdom- opened in 1998

NORTHERN IRELAND

• Status of Northern Ireland• Unionist/Protestant majority was to remain part of

the United Kingdom• Nationalist/Republican/Catholic minority was to

become part of the Republic of Ireland

• Territorial conflict- not a religious one• Two mutually exclusive visions of national identity

and national belonging

• Killings by both sides• Over 3,600 people killed• At least 50,000 people injured

• Northern Ireland parliament had been dominated by unionists for over 50 years• Attempted to solve social and political issues-

such as institutional discrimination against Catholics- too slow for nationalists and republicans, too quick for unionists• Growing tension and violence between two

communities• UK governments intervened

• British troops had to be sent to restore order• By 1972 the British government suspended the

Northern Ireland parliament and imposed direct rule from London

• IRA- Irish Republican Army

• 1974• IRA bombing campaign on mainland Britain• Bombed Westminster Hall in London

ENGLAND

• Notting Hill Riots• West London- 1976• Police had attempted to arrest a suspected

pickpocket on the afternoon of August 30• Gangs of white and black youths rioted and

attacked the police• 100 police were injured

UGANDA

• 1971- General Idi Amin Dada seized power while the former ruler (Milton Obote) was out of the country• Expelled Ugandan Asians from the country• 30,000 refugees fled to England in 1972

ARGENTINA

• General Juan Peron- exiled for 15 years• Returned to Argentina in 1973• The President- Dr. Hector Campora, stepped down• Peron was re-elected

• Peron died in 1974• Coffin of first wife (Eva Peron) was flown from her

tomb in Italy and placed beside her husband on display

CHILE

• General Augusto Pinochet• Chilean President Salvador Allende• Allende appointed Pinochet head of the army in

August 1973• A few weeks after this, Pinochet’s men fired on

the palace in Santiago• Army staged a coup- Allende was killed and

Pinochet took power

SOUTH AFRICA

• Afrikaner minority rule was in charge- had systematic segregation• 1960-1983 3.5 million non-white South Africans

were removed from their homes- forced into segregated neighborhoods• Non-white political representation was abolished

in 1970• 1970- black people were deprived of their

citizenship- legally becoming citizens of one of ten tribally based self governing homelands

• Government had segregated education, medical care, beaches, public services• Black people were given services that were

inferior to those of white people

• Many anti-apartheid leaders had been imprisoned over the years• International community placed sanctions,

embargos with trade

• 1976• South African government ordered that the

Afrikaans language was to be taught in all schools• Afrikaans had to be used for math, social studies• English could be used to teach general science

and practical subjects• Indigenous languages could only be used for

religious instruction and music• Soweto suburb of Johannesburg• 10-20,000 African students protested• Police open fired- killed over 100 protestors (some

feel it was around 700 killed)

• Afrikaans was connected to apartheid in association• Black South Africans preferred English over

Afrikaans

• Was considered “the language of the oppressor”

LEBANON

• 3,000 Israeli troops invaded the south after a terrorist attack on a bus near Tel Aviv killed 30 Israelis• UN troops were sent in to restore order

NICARAGUA

• 1979• Red threat• General Anastasia Somoza fled the country-

ended 46 year rule of the Somoza family• Sandinistas took over• Socialist measures• Nationalization of key industries

TERRORISM OF THE 1970’S

• Red Army Faction (RAF) – also known as Baader-Meinhof gang

• RAF operated primarily in Germany• Aimed to expose by violent means what they saw

as lurking Fascism of the new consumer society• Targeted bankers, industrialists, politicians

• Red Brigades• Centered in Italy• 14,000 terrorist attacks in the 1970’s alone

• Both groups survived into the 1990’s• RAF virtually ceased to exist with the collapse of Communist

East Germany, their main backers

• They had kidnapped the Italian former Prime Minister in 1978

• Held him for 54 days, then killed him• Leader of the Red Brigades brought up on charges of murder

BLACK SEPTEMBER

• 1972 Munich Olympics (Munich, West Germany)• Palestinian group• Kidnapped and killed 11 Israeli athletes • Political goal was negotiating the release of 234

Palestinian prisoners• This radically changed the way the United States

handled terrorism• “counterterrorism” and “international terrorism”

were now going to be used • German neo-Nazis helped the attackers

• Poor security• Athletes could go over the fencing that

surrounded the Olympic Village• Israeli team was pretty isolated• “Situation 21” was the actual scenario that had

been thought up to create possible terrorism scenarios to help Olympic organizers in planning security- 21 accurately forecasted armed Palestinians invading the quarters, killing and taking hostages, and even demanded the release of the prisoners

• Before dawn Sept 5• 8 tracksuit clad members of Black September• Carried duffel bags loaded with assault rifles,

pistols, grenades• Scaled a chain link fence• Had asked unsuspecting athletes who were also

sneaking into the Olympic Village• Used stolen keys to enter two apartments being

used by the Israeli team

• Yossef Gutfreund (wrestling referee) woke up to scratching noise- saw door open and masked men- threw himself against the door• One roommate got out a window • One of the coaches attacked the gunmen, and one

of the wrestlers was able to escape• This coach was shot to death• A weightlifter attacked an intruder and was also

shot and killed• One of the weightlifters on the team was David

Berger- an American with duel citizenship

• http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/1972-munich-massacre/