upper respiratory system

Upper Respiratory System

Consists of the: nose (snout, nostrils, etc.) mouth pharynx epiglottis larynx

Tongue

Esophagus

Mouth

Trachea

Epiglottis

Nasal cavity

Larynx

Pharynx



Mucous membranes lining of respiratory tract

that secrete mucus.


Mucus slimy secretion that

helps to warm, moisten, and filter air.


Cilia tiny wave-like hairs that line the nostrils

and help to filter air.


Pharynx passageway shared by

the digestive and respiratory

systems.

Pharynx



Epiglottis tiny flap that covers

the larynx during swallowing.

Epiglottis



Larynx “voice box”

contains vocal cords that vibrate when

air passes through.

Larynx


Lower Respiratory System

Trachea “windpipe” has rings of cartilage

that keep its shape.

Trachea


Bronchi branches at the bottom of the trachea that are contained in the lungs. Singular: bronchus

Bronchi


Bronchial tree term describing how branches of the bronchi get continually smaller, like a tree branch.


Bronchioles smallest branches of

the bronchial tree.

Bronchioles


Alveoli grape-like clusters at ends of bronchioles where exchange of gases occurs.

Alveoli


Lungs paired organs containing

bronchi that are divided into clearly defined lobes.


Diaphragm a muscle located below the

lungs that contracts causing the lungs to fill with air.

Breathing

Inhalation

- drawing in of a breath

Breathing

Exhalation

– release of a breath

Breathing

Apnea

– not breathing

Breathing

Dyspnea

– difficult breathing

Breathing

Bradypnea

– abnormally slow breathing rate

Breathing

Tachypnea

– abnormally fast breathing rate

Breathing

Respiration

– exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in the lungs