ural mountains: “the great divide” alpine mountain system the alps… france, switzerland,...
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Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”
Alpine Mountain System
The Alps…France, Switzerland,
Italy, & AustriaNOT a barrier to trade
as mtn passages are low.
Apennines• Mountainous spine of the Italian
boot, volcanic activity
Vesuvius, PompeiiVesuvius, Pompeii
Mt. Etna, SicilyMt. Etna, Sicily
Fjords
• Narrow deep inlets of the sea between high rocky cliffs.
• Carved out by glaciers at the last ice age as the ice retreated
• Coast of Norway & Iceland
FjordsFjords
Why are most Why are most of the capitals of the capitals of Europe on of Europe on
major rivers??major rivers??
Why are most Why are most of the capitals of the capitals of Europe on of Europe on
major rivers??major rivers??
Q: Why are most of the capitals of Europe on Q: Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers? Capitals on the Rivers major rivers? Capitals on the Rivers
Q: Why are most of the capitals of Europe on Q: Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers? Capitals on the Rivers major rivers? Capitals on the Rivers
Paris, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineLondon on the ThamesLondon on the ThamesLondon on the ThamesLondon on the Thames
Prague on the VltavaPrague on the VltavaPrague on the VltavaPrague on the VltavaBudapest on the Budapest on the
DanubeDanubeBudapest on the Budapest on the
DanubeDanube
Rome on the Rome on the TiberTiber
Rome on the Rome on the TiberTiber
A:They A:They are are
Europe’s Europe’s lifeline!lifeline!
A:They A:They are are
Europe’s Europe’s lifeline!lifeline!
The The Volga Volga RiverRiver
The The Volga Volga RiverRiver
Longest Longest river in river in
Europe = Europe = 2,300 2,300
miles long.miles long.
Extremely Extremely polluted!! polluted!!
22ndnd longest river longest river in Europe. in Europe.
Important for Important for trade & trade &
hydroelectric hydroelectric power .power .
The Danube RiverThe Danube RiverThe Danube RiverThe Danube River
Lake Baikal, SiberiaLake Baikal, SiberiaLake Baikal, SiberiaLake Baikal, Siberia
e The oldest and The oldest and deepestdeepest lake in the world. lake in the world.
e 20% of the world’s 20% of the world’s totaltotal UN-frozen water UN-frozen water supply.supply.
TransylvaniaTransylvania in the Carpathian in the Carpathian MountainsMountains
TransylvaniaTransylvania in the Carpathian in the Carpathian MountainsMountains
e Home of Home of Vlad TepešVlad Tepeš, the, the Drakul Drakul (“Count Dracula”)(“Count Dracula”)
The BeNeLux CountriesThe BeNeLux CountriesThe BeNeLux CountriesThe BeNeLux Countries
* BelgiumBelgium
* NetherlandsNetherlands
* LuxembourgLuxembourg
* BelgiumBelgium
* NetherlandsNetherlands
* LuxembourgLuxembourg
Reykjavik, Iceland:Reykjavik, Iceland:Reykjavik, Iceland:Reykjavik, Iceland:
e VolcanoeVolcanoess
e Hot Hot SpringsSprings
e GeysersGeysers
MediterraneaMediterranean Islandsn Islands
MediterraneaMediterranean Islandsn Islands
eMountainousMountainous
e Mediterranean Mediterranean
Sea is Sea is pollutedpolluted
eEstimated it Estimated it will take 1,000will take 1,000years to clean years to clean up.up.
SardiniaSardinia
CyprusCyprus
MaltaMalta
English Channel: Body of water between England & France.
• "Chunnel" links the UK & France.
• Chunnel Tunnel: beneath the English Channel.
• Travel by train or take car on ferry boat.
POLDERSPOLDERS
Europe’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. US
North Atlantic
Drift
• The Northern part of Western Europe has a marine west coast climate with mild cool summers and warm winters due to the NAD and prevailing westerly winds.
Siberia --> Siberia --> PermafrostPermafrostSiberia --> Siberia --> PermafrostPermafrost
e Temperatures range from about 32 winter & 77 summer. Not many people live here, can you guess why?? e A former “A former “gulaggulag””
Soviet prison camp. Soviet prison camp.
Acid Rain = rain + pollution
Air Pollution/Smog Smog = Fog + pollution
CHERNOBYL:• Reactor overheated (4/26/86)• Winds carried radioactive material into N & Central Europe. • Soviet leaders concealed this for 2 days, refused outside help. • Health problems for people & their unborn children continue in
this area.
Economic Systems• 5 of the top 10 wealthiest nations in the world - European. • Still a lot of very poor countries in Europe.
• W. Europe is
Free Market
• E. Europe is Socialist
Countries Countries in color in color (Green, (Green, yellow & yellow & red) are red) are socialistsocialist. .
European Union• Economic & political union
of 27 countries located primarily in Europe.
• Eliminates Trade Barriers among members (NAFTA, ASEAN).
• US & Europe: constitutional democracies with elected representation.
• European monarchies are limited in power.
• Red: Monarchy• Blue: Republic
Political Systems
Genocide Definition: The deliberate &
systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group.
Bosnian Genocide: 1992-1995 during Bosnian
War, target - Bosnian Muslims & Croations.
Over 50,000 men, women & children murdered during this time.
The Holocaust: murder of over 11 million people:
Jews, Catholics, Protestants, Communists/political dissidents, Slavs, Jehovah's Witnesses, some Protestant pastors & Catholic priests, black people, mentally & physically disabled, as well as others.
1933 - 1945: 2 out of every 3 European Jews murdered.
Ireland & the IRA• IRA wanted independence
from England to create an independent Irish republic
• Post WWI British army sent over former World War I soldiers to fight; many settled in the N. part of Ireland
• England gave Ireland freedom (1921), kept the Northern part is still a part of the UK today.
