urban reform
TRANSCRIPT
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Objective: To examine the growth of cities at the turn of
the 20th century.
Urbanization of Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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NewArchitecturalStyle
NewArchitecturalStyle
NewUse ofSpace
NewUse ofSpace
NewClass
Diversity
NewClass
Diversity
New Energy
New Energy
New Culture(Melting Pot)
New Culture(Melting Pot)
New Form ofClassic RuggedIndividualism
New Form ofClassic RuggedIndividualism
New Levelsof Crime,Violence, &Corruption
New Levelsof Crime,Violence, &Corruption
Makea NewStart
Makea NewStart
NewSymbols ofChange &Progress
NewSymbols ofChange &Progress
The City as aNew Frontier?
The City as aNew Frontier?
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Cities Grow
1920 1/2 of Americans lived in cities
Factory jobs sparked an increase in the growth ofcities after the Civil War.Ex.) 1890 1/3 of Americans lived in cities
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Immigrants came to northern cities looking forwork.New York City population, total
and by borough, from 1790 to2000. Figures in millions.
Key:New York City
The Bronx
Brooklyn
Manhattan
Queens
Staten Island
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African-Americans came tonorthern cities from theSouth looking forwork andto escape racism . This became known as theGreat Migration .
In "the Promised Land" of Chicagomany black migrants still had to
join picket lines to fight for fair
wages. Some companies
discriminated by placingrestrictions upon the promotion an
advancement of black workers,
frequently preventing them from
earning higher wages. Chicago,
Illinois, July 1941
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Picket line at the Mid-City Realty Company, Chicago, Illinois,
July 1941 John Vachon, Photographer
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WesternWestern
UnionUnionBldg,.Bldg,.
NYC -NYC -
18751875
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ManhattaManhattann
LifeLifeInsuranceInsurance
Bldg.Bldg.
NYC -NYC -
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SingerSinger
BuildingBuildingNYC -NYC -
19021902
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WoolwortWoolwort
hh
Bldg.Bldg.
NYC -NYC -19111911
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FlatironFlatironBuildingBuilding
NYC 1902NYC 1902D. H.D. H.
BurnhamBurnham
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Grand Central Station,Grand Central Station,
19131913
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John A. Roebling:John A. Roebling:The Brooklyn Bridge, 1883The Brooklyn Bridge, 1883
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John A. Roebling:John A. Roebling:The Brooklyn Bridge, 1913The Brooklyn Bridge, 1913
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City Life
Poor families struggled
to survive in crowded
slums living int enements .
Hine, Lewis W.
NYC tenement 1910
Tenements wereovercrowded,dirty and oftentimeshad no windows ,heat, or indoorbathrooms.
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Dumbell TenementDumbell Tenement
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Dumbell Tenement,Dumbell Tenement,
NYCNYC
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J b Rii 1889
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Jacob Riis, 1889Lodgers in a Bayard Street Tenement,
Five Cents a Spot"
B k i
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Bunks in a
seven-cent
lodging-house,
Pell Street
Th i i t ki it i J t It i id th t
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There is no mistaking it: we are in Jewtown. It is said that
nowhere in the world are so many people crowded together on a
square mile as here.yet the sign To Let" is the rarest of
all.Here is one (building) seven stories high. The sanitarypoliceman whose beat this is will tell you that it contains thirty-
six families, but the term has a widely different meaning
here.In this house, where a case of small-pox was reported,
there were fifty-eight babies and thirty-eight children that wereover five years of age. In Essex Street two small rooms in a six-
story tenement were made to hold a "family" of father and
mother, twelve children, and six boarders.These are samples
of the packing of the population that has run up the record here
to the rate of three hundred and thirty thousand per square
mile.
Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 Source:http://www.yale.edu/amstud/inforev/riis/chap10.html
J b Rii M L d i R i th W t 47th
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Jacob Riis Mens Lodging Room in the West 47th
Street Station c. 1892
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Urban Growth: 1870 -Urban Growth: 1870 -
19001900
Reform
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Street cleaning, Fourth Street
Garbage collection and street cleaning beganregularly.
Reform
N b ildi i d t h d
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Typical tenement fire-escape serving as an extension of thelat: Allen Street
New buildings were required to have fire escapes andplumbing .
S t d i d t i l
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Separate residential and industrial zones weredeveloped.
Help for the Poor
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Help for the Poor
Salvation Army
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The worldwide expansion of the Salvation Army
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YMCA, YWCABasketball was invented in 1891 at a
YMCA
The YWCA offered physical and
educational programs
during lunch breaks to female
factory workers. (c. early 1900s).
Hull House a house set up by
http://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://www.ywca.org/site/pp.asp?c=euLRI7OZH&b=177351http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/5/59/250px-YWCA_In_Service_for_the_Girls_of_the_World_-_Poster,_1919_s58d.5.jpghttp://www.scvymca.org/metro/html/about_history.htmlhttp://www.wasagabeach.com/media/pics%20-%20logos/ymcalogo.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpghttp://yelnick.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/salvation_army_1.jpg -
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Hull House in the early
1900s (above) and JaneAddams in the 1930s (right).
Hull House a set t lement house set up by JaneAddams
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Hull-House Nursery, ca. 1890s
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Racial Map of NYC Present-Day
Red representsWhite, Blue is
Black, Green is
Asian, Orange
is Hispanic,
Gray is Other,and each dot
represents 25
people.
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