urban transportation and energy efficiency william j. mitchell may 10, 2006 image: franco vairani...
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Urban Transportation and Energy Efficiency
William J. Mitchell
May 10, 2006
Image: Franco Vairani
SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Concept Car with GM
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Cities are immense consumers of energy, and their appetite is growing
They show up as an increasing number of increasingly intense hotspots
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How cities consume energy:
1. Construction of buildings (steel, aluminum, glass, on-site assembly processes
2. Operation of buildings (airconditioned glass skyscrapers in Houston)
3. Flows of people and supplies among buildings
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Calculating circulation cost:
1. Circulation network and location-to-location distance matrix
2. Activity network and activity-to-activity traffic flow matrix
3. Cost / distance (measure in dollars, time energy)
4. An assignment of activities to locations (overlay activity network on circulation network)
For a given assignment, consider all pairs of locations and sum:
distance x traffic volume x cost/distance
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Minimizing flow cost (distance x traffic volume x cost/distance):
1. Increase urban density to shrink the circulation network (Manhattan versus Phoenix)
2. Reduce zoning granularity to shrink the circulation network (fine-grained urban village versus industrial era zoning)
3. Substitute telecommunication for transportation to reduce some of the flow (telecommuting, etc)
4. Introduce new transportation technology to reduce cost/distance (hybrid cars, etc)
5. Find better ways of supplying energy to transportation networks (distributed generation combined with distributed charging)
6. Find more efficient assignments of activities to locations
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Drivetrain and suspension contained inside wheel space
Standardized snap-on connection to chassis
Drive by wire
Intelligent wheel robots
SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Concept Car with GM
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QuickTime™ and aCinepak decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Concept Car with GM
![Page 21: Urban Transportation and Energy Efficiency William J. Mitchell May 10, 2006 Image: Franco Vairani SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Concept Car with GM](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/5697bf821a28abf838c85ff3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
![Page 22: Urban Transportation and Energy Efficiency William J. Mitchell May 10, 2006 Image: Franco Vairani SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Concept Car with GM](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/5697bf821a28abf838c85ff3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Minimizing flow cost (distance x traffic volume x cost/distance):
1. Increase urban density to shrink the circulation network (Manhattan versus Phoenix)
2. Reduce zoning granularity to shrink the circulation network (fine-grained urban village versus industrial era zoning)
3. Substitute telecommunication for transportation to reduce some of the flow (telecommuting, etc)
4. Introduce new transportation technology to reduce cost/distance (hybrid cars, etc)
5. Find better ways of supplying energy to transportation networks (distributed generation combined with distributed charging)
6. Find more efficient assignments of activities to locations