Urban transportation crisis in India

Samitinjay Sharmasnu id 1310110282civil engg. 4th year

Introduction

• Less than 1/3rd of the total population of India live in cities but these areas account for about 90% of government revenue.• Cities plays a vital role in economic growth but this growth is

sustainable only if the cities function properly.• India’s urban population growth- 3% per year• Expected urban population is to be about 500 million in

2021(assuming 34% decadal growth)• Consequently number of metropolitan cities have also rose from

35 in 2001 to 50 in 2011.

• Although Indian cities have lower vehicle ownership rate than their counterparts in developed countries, they suffer from worse congestion, delay, pollution, and accidents than the cities in developed countries. • Delhi has an estimated population of 18.6 million and vehicle

registered are 6.46 million till now whereas Los Angles has 6.43 millions vehicles for 4.011 Million population

• Private vehicle ownership is increasing much faster than the transport system and services.

Imbalanced model split

inadequate public transport infrastructure

• the share of buses is negligible in most Indian cities as compared to personalized vehicles. For example, two-wheelers and cars together constitute at least 90% of the total vehicles in Ahmedabad (91%), Delhi (90%), Lucknow (93%), and Nagpur (91%) whereas in these cities buses constitute only 1%, 0.7%, 0.3%, and 0.4% respectively.

inadequate transport infrastructure

Category wise daily tripsCity category Population

(lakhs)Passenger trips per day(in lacs)

2007 2011 2021 2031

Category 1 < 5 8.5 10 13.4 17.2

Category 2 5-10 263.1 308.3 423 558.3

Category 3 10-20 427.7 498.2 675.6 871.9

Category 4 20-40 183.6 210.4 309.6 433.5

Category 5 40-80 403.6 469.8 675.2 868

Category 6 >80 992.1 1124.9 1552.4 2054.7

Traffic injuries and fatalities• In 2009, 126,900 people died and 466,600 people got injured.• India faces more than 14 fatalities and 53 injuries every hour.• During the last ten years, road accidental fatalities in India have

increased at the rate of 4.6% per year while the population of the country has increased only at the rate of 1.6% per year.

Number of road accidents, persons killed and persons injured

REASONS

• Even simple measures like use of seat-belts and helmets, mandatory according to the Motor Vehicle Act 1988, are not properly enforced.• city authorities are even unable to tackle the problem of stray

cattle on the roads, which often jeopardize the safety of road users.• Lack of design standards for transport infrastructure- IRC

guidelines are not mandatory be followed by contractors

Designed for no one

Move from • Vehicle oriented mobility• Managing road traffic and

congestion• Dedicated mobility• Efficiency driven mass mobility• Fixed station, interval data

collection

to

• Human oriented mobility• Managing travel demand and

emission• Shared mobility• Eco friendly mobility• Real time data collection

Possible solutions• Promoting compact townships• Re-aligning legal and regulatory authorities• Enhancing co-ordination among transportation agencies• Strengthening regulatory bodies-functional responsibilities for urban

transport are fragmented among central, state, and local level governments where no one entity is in charge of overall coordination.• Improving the efficiency of the bus transportation• Promoting public-private partnership in infrastructure projects• Resource mobilization

Reference• Optimization of Public Transport Demand: A Case Study of Bhopal

,Ar Anuj Jaiswal, Dr. Ashutosh Sharma • European Transport \ Trasporti Europei (2012) Issue 52, Paper n°

5, ISSN 1825-3997 Urban Transport in India: Issues, Challenges, and the Way Forward Sanjay Kumar Singh• Urban Transport in India Challenges and Recommendations IIHS

RF Paper on Urban Transport• http://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php/National_Highways:_India• World Transport Policy & Practice, Volume 3, Number 3, 1997

• The Crisis of Public Transport in India: Overwhelming Needs but Limited Resources, John Pucher and Nisha Korattyswaroopam, Rutgers University Neenu Ittyerah, Indian Railways, Chennai, India• URBANIZATION AND URBAN TRANSPORT IN INDIA: THE SKETCH FOR

A POLICY, Sudarsanam Padam, Sanjay K. Singh• Review of Urban Transportation in India, Sanjay K. Singh Indian

Institute of Technology Kanpur