urbanization growth of city and urban life. reasons for urbanization new jobs in city factories
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UrbanizationGrowth of City and Urban
Life
Reasons for UrbanizationReasons for Urbanization
• New Jobs in City Factories
Reasons for UrbanizationReasons for Urbanization
• Immigration into Cities
Great Migration Great Migration
• Mass movement of blacks to northern cities to escape “Jim Crow” in the south
Urbanization ProblemsUrbanization Problems
• More people then jobs
• Lack of housing
• Lack of public services (water, sewage and transportation)
Urbanization ProblemsUrbanization Problems
• Formation of ghettoes
• High Crime Rate; emergence of mob (immigrants)
Temporary SolutionsTemporary Solutions
• NYC – built first subway system
• High Rise Apartments
Progressive Movement
Movement to address the problems caused by
urbanization, immigration, and industrialization
Goals of the Progressive Goals of the Progressive MovementMovement
• A government controlled by the people
• Guaranteed economic opportunities through government regulation
• Elimination of Social Injustices
Problems in Problems in GovernmentGovernment
Corruption Corruption
• City mayors and leaders easily influenced by businesses (bribes)
Boss TweedBoss Tweed• NY mayor known
for corrupt business practices
• Used mob to get immigrant votes
Spoils systemSpoils system
• System of rewarding people with jobs who helped elected officials
• Allowed corrupt people to maintain power
Problem 1Problem 1
• City problems too big for mayor to handle alone
• Mayors were corrupt
Solution 1Solution 1
• New forms of government to meet peoples needs
– Commissions and City Councils formed
– City Managers and Council Managers created
Problem 2Problem 2
• Government made laws that did not serve the people
Solution 2Solution 2
• Recall – public can vote to remove public officials from office
• Referendum – public can approve or reject a law
• Initiative – voters can put a proposed law on election ballot
Problem 3Problem 3
• Election process was flawed
• Spoils system decided too many public offices
• Ballots were public record
Solution 3Solution 3
• Primary elections – voters got to hear from more than 1 candidate
• 17th amendment – voters could directly elect US senators
• Secret Ballots – who you voted for was private info