url and protocol
DESCRIPTION
Information TechnologyTRANSCRIPT
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URL&
protocols
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URL
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a standard way developed to specify the location of a resource available electronically.
RFC 1738
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URL
What are URLs? • URLs make it possible to direct both people
and software. • A URL is like your complete mailing
address: • In short, a URL is a very convenient way to
direct people to a file or other electronic resource.
• URLs assist your exploration of the Internet.
John Brown12 Stoke RoadStoke-on-Trent ST4 2DG
• Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) • http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/5341426.stm
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URL
General URL syntax
<scheme>:<scheme-dependent-information>
Scheme examples:– http (hyper text transfer protocol)– ftp (file transfer protocol) – news (news protocol)
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URL
Scheme Dependent Information<scheme>:<scheme-dependent-information>
– The information is detailed with each scheme – Machine is used for making the file available
– "Path" provides the information
– Example (for HTTP):
http://www.7sport.net/7sport/index.htm
Machine Path
Scheme
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URL
URL Example (explained)
http://www.7sport.net/7sport/index.htm
Machine Path
Scheme
• http is the scheme hyper text transfer protocol
• two slashes (//) separate the scheme from the machine/domain name
• www.7sport.net is the machine/domain name• single slash (/) separates the name from the path• Finally 7sport/index.htm is the path.
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URLHTTP URL Example (explained)
http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_forms.asp
Machine/Domain Name Path
Scheme
• http is the scheme hyper text transfer protocol
• two slashes (//) separate the scheme from the machine/domain name
• www.w3schools.com is the machine/domain name• single slash (/) separates the name from the path• Finally html/html_forms.asp is the path.
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URL
Troubleshooting URLsReasons for not being able to access URLs:– the remote machine refuses the
connection– the site is very busy (e.g. peak hours of
use)– you have misspelled the URL– the file was moved
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Protocol
In computing, a protocol is a convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communication, and data transfer between computing endpoints.
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IP
Internet Protocol is a protocol which is responsible for addressing and packet routing between networks.
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TCP
Transmission Control Protocol basically ensures that the packets get to their destination in the current sequence and without error.
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FTP
File Transfer Protocol is a network protocol used to exchange and manipulate files over a TCP computer network, such as the Internet.
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POP3
Post Office Protocol version 3 is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection.
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SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is an internet standard for e-mail transmission across internet protocol (IP) networks.
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PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol, or PPP, is a data link protocol commonly used to establish a direct connection between two networking nodes. It can provide connection authentication, transmission encryption privacy, and compression.
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Telnet
Telecommunication network is a network protocol used on the internet or local area networks. It provides access to a command-line interface on a remote machine.
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HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. Its used for retrieving inter-linked resources led to the establishment of the world wide web (www).