u.s.-china relations security issues & china’s role in the world
TRANSCRIPT
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U.S.-CHINA RELATIONSSecurity Issues & China’s Role in the World
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China’s Military Budget
Will economic growth in China translate to increased military strength?
Military budget (estimate)• 2002: $20 billion• 2011: $120 billion
China could surpass the U.S. in military spending by 2035 (Washington Post)
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Military Modernization
Commitment to long-term military modernization
China buys Russian military warplanes, submarines & longer-range missile tech.
It’s nuclear arsenal in the 4th largest; increasing secrecy (“underground Great Wall”)
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International Arms Sales
U.S. concern about China’s role in the int’l arms market.
China is a major seller of weapons, military vehicles & communications equipment to dev. countries.
Helped Pakistan produce long-range missiles with a range of 185 miles
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Cyber Attacks & Security
Increase in cyber attacks, many originating in China
2011-phishing effort against Gmail accounts of senior U.S. gov’t officials & military personnel
U.S. intelligence officials have publicly accused China of stealing high-tech data
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China’s Role in East Asia
China’s government is more assertive in int’l relations, especially SE & East Asia
Build-up of its navy; greater presence in the South China Sea
Claims to resource-rich territory in the sea disputed by other countries in the region (Vietnam, Malaysia)
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North Korea’s Nuclear Program
North Korea has developed nuclear weapons in violation of the1994 nuclear NPT
Since 2003, the “Six-Party Talks” have tried to end the program
China is important in getting North Korea to negotiations; acts as a mediator between N.K. & the U.S.
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The Challenge of Taiwan
In 1949, after Communist victory, Nationalists formed a government on Taiwan.
A democracy, Taiwan is also an economic power & one of the world’s top exporters.
Its int’l political status is a long-term issue in East Asia affairs/U.S.-China relations.
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Two Governments; One State
Though Taiwan and China have distinct governments, they are officially one state.
Taiwan lost its UN seat to China in 1971; forced from int’l orgs (IMF, World Bank)
China firmly holds to a “one China” position; has a goal of reunification
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The United States & Taiwan
After the Korean War, the U.S. was an ally of Taiwan; billions in military aid.
In 1978, the U.S. broke ties with Taiwan & recognized China (PRC).
Taiwan Relations Act (1979) guaranteed continued trade & cultural relations; assured security for the island