US Expansion

War, Empire, and Intervention

The Voyage of the Oregon66 Days

14,500 miles

Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders

ThePhilippinesCampaign

The Cuban Campaign

Results of War

Spain granted Cuban independence Spain ceded Puerto Rico and Guam to U.S. Agreed to decide disposition of Philippines later U.S. also annexed

HawaiiSamoaWake Island

The United States became an imperial power U.S. moved up European power rankings to #7

U.S. Options on the Philippines

The U.S. could:1. Grant independence2. Return to Spain3. Acquire naval bases4. Annex part of islands5. Annex all of Philippines6. Establish a protectorate

On Feb. 6 1899, Spain ceded the Philippines to the U.S.

“There was nothing left for us to do but take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them, and by God’s grace do the very best we could by them, as our fellow-man for whom Christ also dies.” - McKinley

American Imperialism Motivated by:

National honor

Commerce

Racial superiority

Altruism

The “Great” Powers1898

1. France

2. Germany

3. Great Britain

4. Russia

5. Austria-Hungary

6. Italy

7. United States

Philippine-American War

4 February 1899 – Filipino shot by American sentry as he crossed the Silencio Street, Sta. Mesa, Manila.

This began the war as fighting quickly escalated.Resistance led by Emiliano Aguinaldo who was forced

to retreat to northern LuzonTwo year later Aguinaldo and his forces defeated at

the Battle of Tirad Pass.Aguinaldo captured 21 March 19012 April 1901 – in exchange for his life Aguinaldo pledges allegiance to USMcKinley declares the war over in 1902

The World’s Policeman

“Gunboat Diplomacy”

Panama (1903)

Venezuela (1903)

Dominican Republic (1905)

Honduras (1907)

Nicaragua (1909)

Mexico (1916)

The Roosevelt Corollary(too the Monroe Doctrine)

1904

“Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society justifies the exercise of an international police power.”

“I hardly know where to start!”