u.s. foundation funding for africa
TRANSCRIPT
Funding for Africa2015 EDITION
US FOUNDATION
Produced by Foundation Center in cooperation with Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group
AuthorsSteven Lawrence Director of Research Foundation Center
Anna Koob Research Associate Foundation Center
Niamani Mutima Executive Director Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group
About the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity GroupThe Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group (AGAG) a project of the Tides Center is a membership network of grantmaking organizations and individuals working to promote robust effective and responsive philanthropy that benefits African communities We convene and connect funders interested in Africa and curate information to assist them to leverage the scope and impact of their philanthropy For more information about the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group visit our website at wwwafricagrantmakersorg
About Foundation CenterEstablished in 1956 Foundation Center is the leading source of information about philanthropy worldwide Through data analysis and training it connects people who want to change the world to the resources they need to succeed Foundation Center maintains the most comprehensive database on US and increasingly global grantmakers and their grants mdash a robust accessible knowledge bank for the sector It also operates research education and training programs designed to advance knowledge of philanthropy at every level Thousands of people visit Foundation Centerrsquos website each day and are served in its five librarylearning centers and at more than 450 Funding Information Network locations nationwide and around the world For more information please visit foundationcenterorg
For more information contact Steven Lawrence director of research at salfoundationcenterorg or (212) 620-4230
Copyright copy 2015 Foundation Center This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 40 Unported License creativecommonsorglicensesby-nc40
Printed and bound in the United States of America
ISBN 978-1-59542-507-2
2copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
ForewordAfrica is a complex and varied continent with a shifting landscape of positive changes and pressing needs It is the second-largest continent with 54 countries Although it has more than 60 percent of the worldrsquos arable land a wealth of natural resources and some of the fastest-growing economies across the continent communities continue to face a range of challenges More resources from all sectorsndashgovernment business and philanthropyndashare needed to address compelling and urgent issues such as economic and social inequality high unemployment inadequate access to health care and increased threats of terrorism
American foundations have a long history of engagement in Africa When the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group (AGAG) was formed in 2000 it emerged from an informal network working to galvanize philanthropyrsquos support for anti-apartheid efforts in Southern Africa Over the past fifteen years AGAG has worked to promote philanthropy that is robust effective and responsive to the changes taking place across the continent and to the needs of African communities
AGAG is pleased to partner with Foundation Center to produce this first-ever report examining a decade of foundation funding for Africa We hope that grantmakers researchers NGOs and other stakeholders will find this information helpful in understanding how trends in funding for Africa have changed over time
Supporting organizations that are making a difference and engaged in good work across Africa will help communities there to achieve their full potential Now is a time of tremendous opportunity for funders to increase their impact and keep the momentum of positive change in Africa moving forward
Niamani MutimaExecutive Director
Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group
3copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
IntroductionLeading US foundations have long been engaged in supporting positive change in Africa across areas ranging from agriculture education and civil society to democracy health and human rights Joining these grantmakers are new actors and approaches that open up an ever-greater number of opportunities to improve the well-being of the more than 11 billion individuals living in African communities
US Foundation Funding for Africa represents a first-ever examination of grantmaking by the nationrsquos foundation community specifically focused on continental Africa Prepared by Foundation Center in cooperation with Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group this report captures all US foundation funding focused on Africa regardless of recipient location Any foundation represented in Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 set with at least one grant focused on Africa
was included The FC 1000 data set captures funding by 1000 of the largest US private and community foundations and accounts for more than 75 percent of international giving by all US foundations See Methodology for additional details
This report begins with an examination of the change in US foundation funding for Africa between 2002 and 2012 Following sections offer detailed examinations of the distribution of foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 Finally while the report documents the distribution of funding focused on Africa overall it also examines differences in funding priorities based on whether foundations were supporting organizations headquartered in Africa or supporting projects and other activities focused on Africa that were conducted by organizations headquartered outside of Africa
Methodology
The analysis presented in this report is based on Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 annual data sets which include all of the grants of $10000 or more awarded by 1000 of the largest US independent corporate community and grantmaking operating foundations This set accounts for approximately half of giving by all of the nationrsquos foundations each year and more than 75 percent of their international giving
This analysis includes all of the FC 1000 grants that identified a focus on the African continent regions of Africa or specific African countries (either in their grant descriptions or based on additional information provided directly by foundations to Foundation Center) regardless of recipient location or that were awarded to organizations headquartered on the African continent Some of these grants specified multiple countries andor regions of focus including regionscountries outside of Africa In breakdowns by African country the full value of these grants was counted toward all applicable countries however these grants were only counted once in the overall totals of US foundation funding focused on Africa
Grants Paid versus Grants Awarded
US Foundation Funding for Africa reports grant information based primarily on the total grant amount authorized whether it is paid during a single year or in several installments over a period of years If the full amount authorized is not available the amount paid during the year is shown The drawback of this measure is that if a foundation pays out a substantial multi-year commitment made at an earlier point in time it will overstate the commitments being made by that foundation for that given year Conversely it does not capture the full extent of payments being made for other years Thus depending on what time period is being examined a foundationrsquos grant commitments may appear to overcountmdashor undercountmdashits current payments
4copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
Overview of Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012 Foundation funding for Africa jumped between 2002
and 2012
Gates Foundation dominated funding but other foundations also increased support
US foundation giving focused on Africa grew at more than twice the rate of overall international giving between 2002 and 2012 Africa-focused foundation grant dollars jumped more than 400 percent from $2888 million to nearly $15 billion during this period while total international giving rose 185 percent (Figure 1) As a result Africa accounted for 25 percent of international grant dollars in 2012 up from 14 percent in 2002
The Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation which ranks as by far the nationrsquos largest foundation accounted for most of the increase in Africa-focused funding since the early years of the last decade (Figure 2) In 2002 the Gates Foundation awarded 30 grants totaling $691 million with a focus on Africa By 2012 its commitment to Africa had risen to 249 grants totaling over $1 billion (Table 1) However the Gates
Foundation was far from the only factor driving the growth in giving focused on Africa In fact excluding Gates Africa-focused giving by the remaining foundations in the FC 1000 grew more than 90 percent from $2197 million to $4221 million
Despite the strong overall rise during the past decade growth in US foundation grant dollars focused on Africa was far from linear Funding more than doubled between 2005 and 2006 primarily due to increased giving by the Gates Foundation including a $500 million commitment to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria Giving focused on Africa then peaked in 2008 consistent with overall foundation giving before declining markedly in the aftermath of the Great Recession Between 2009 and 2012 foundation support for Africa grew a modest 5 percent while overall international giving by foundations rose 17 percent Nonetheless with the exception of the 2008 peak the amount of foundation giving focused on Africa in 2012 surpassed all prior years back to 2002
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Change in Africa-focused Grant Dollars
Change in Overall International Grant Dollars
201220102008200620042002
FIGURE 1 US Foundation Overall International and Africa-focused Funding 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Change in No of Africa-focused Grants
Change in Overall No of International Grants
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
5copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
The number of grants awarded by US foundations with a focus on Africa also rose during this period from 1380 in 2002 to 1955 in 2012 a 42 percent increase This rate of increase was roughly consistent with the overall growth in the number of international grants As a result Africa-focused grants accounted for a consistent 13 to 14 percent share of all international grants throughout this period
Finally since the early 2000s the number of foundations in the FC 1000 set making at least one Africa-related grant climbed steadily from 135 to 248 Yet fewer than half (48 percent) of funders for Africa included in the 2002 FC 1000 set made more than one grant focused on Africa By 2012 however the share making more than one grant focused on Africa had increased to 60 percent
$0
$200
$4B
$600
$8B
$1000
$12B
$1400
$16B
Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation
Other Foundations
20122002
FIGURE 2 Gates Foundation and Other US Foundations Funding for Africa 2002 and 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grantswith a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$289M
$15B
2476
29
71
TABLE 1 Top US Foundation Funders for Africa 2012
Foundation State Type1 Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
of Total Amount to Organizations
Headquartered in Africa
1 Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation WA IN $1038240110 711 249 127 205
2 Ford Foundation NY IN 60341418 41 209 107 679
3 Rockefeller Foundation NY IN 26616502 18 67 34 447
4 Open Society Foundations2 NY OP 24690670 17 136 70 251
5 Howard G Buffett Foundation IL IN 24392082 17 36 18 122
6 Conrad N Hilton Foundation CA IN 23355000 16 15 08 60
7 William and Flora Hewlett Foundation CA IN 22834251 16 32 16 656
8 Carnegie Corporation of New York NY IN 19307900 13 22 11 371
9John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
IL IN 17932037 12 54 28 465
10 Andrew W Mellon Foundation NY IN 11596863 08 35 18 756
11 Coca-Cola Foundation GA CS 11585000 08 7 04 993
12 David and Lucile Packard Foundation CA IN 11470000 08 17 09 653
13 Arthur S DeMoss Foundation FL IN 10356724 07 1 01 00
14 W K Kellogg Foundation MI IN 9641012 07 7 04 93
15 ExxonMobil Foundation TX CS 8553000 06 22 11 150
Subtotal $1320912569 905 909 465
All Other Foundations 139390372 95 1046 535
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 248 foundations reported Africa-related grants See Methodology for details1IN=Independent Foundation CS=Corporate Foundation OP=Operating Foundation2Includes giving by the Open Society Institute and Foundation to Promote Open Society
6copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
AuthorsSteven Lawrence Director of Research Foundation Center
Anna Koob Research Associate Foundation Center
Niamani Mutima Executive Director Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group
About the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity GroupThe Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group (AGAG) a project of the Tides Center is a membership network of grantmaking organizations and individuals working to promote robust effective and responsive philanthropy that benefits African communities We convene and connect funders interested in Africa and curate information to assist them to leverage the scope and impact of their philanthropy For more information about the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group visit our website at wwwafricagrantmakersorg
About Foundation CenterEstablished in 1956 Foundation Center is the leading source of information about philanthropy worldwide Through data analysis and training it connects people who want to change the world to the resources they need to succeed Foundation Center maintains the most comprehensive database on US and increasingly global grantmakers and their grants mdash a robust accessible knowledge bank for the sector It also operates research education and training programs designed to advance knowledge of philanthropy at every level Thousands of people visit Foundation Centerrsquos website each day and are served in its five librarylearning centers and at more than 450 Funding Information Network locations nationwide and around the world For more information please visit foundationcenterorg
For more information contact Steven Lawrence director of research at salfoundationcenterorg or (212) 620-4230
Copyright copy 2015 Foundation Center This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 40 Unported License creativecommonsorglicensesby-nc40
Printed and bound in the United States of America
ISBN 978-1-59542-507-2
2copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
ForewordAfrica is a complex and varied continent with a shifting landscape of positive changes and pressing needs It is the second-largest continent with 54 countries Although it has more than 60 percent of the worldrsquos arable land a wealth of natural resources and some of the fastest-growing economies across the continent communities continue to face a range of challenges More resources from all sectorsndashgovernment business and philanthropyndashare needed to address compelling and urgent issues such as economic and social inequality high unemployment inadequate access to health care and increased threats of terrorism
American foundations have a long history of engagement in Africa When the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group (AGAG) was formed in 2000 it emerged from an informal network working to galvanize philanthropyrsquos support for anti-apartheid efforts in Southern Africa Over the past fifteen years AGAG has worked to promote philanthropy that is robust effective and responsive to the changes taking place across the continent and to the needs of African communities
AGAG is pleased to partner with Foundation Center to produce this first-ever report examining a decade of foundation funding for Africa We hope that grantmakers researchers NGOs and other stakeholders will find this information helpful in understanding how trends in funding for Africa have changed over time
Supporting organizations that are making a difference and engaged in good work across Africa will help communities there to achieve their full potential Now is a time of tremendous opportunity for funders to increase their impact and keep the momentum of positive change in Africa moving forward
Niamani MutimaExecutive Director
Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group
3copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
IntroductionLeading US foundations have long been engaged in supporting positive change in Africa across areas ranging from agriculture education and civil society to democracy health and human rights Joining these grantmakers are new actors and approaches that open up an ever-greater number of opportunities to improve the well-being of the more than 11 billion individuals living in African communities
US Foundation Funding for Africa represents a first-ever examination of grantmaking by the nationrsquos foundation community specifically focused on continental Africa Prepared by Foundation Center in cooperation with Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group this report captures all US foundation funding focused on Africa regardless of recipient location Any foundation represented in Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 set with at least one grant focused on Africa
was included The FC 1000 data set captures funding by 1000 of the largest US private and community foundations and accounts for more than 75 percent of international giving by all US foundations See Methodology for additional details
This report begins with an examination of the change in US foundation funding for Africa between 2002 and 2012 Following sections offer detailed examinations of the distribution of foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 Finally while the report documents the distribution of funding focused on Africa overall it also examines differences in funding priorities based on whether foundations were supporting organizations headquartered in Africa or supporting projects and other activities focused on Africa that were conducted by organizations headquartered outside of Africa
Methodology
The analysis presented in this report is based on Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 annual data sets which include all of the grants of $10000 or more awarded by 1000 of the largest US independent corporate community and grantmaking operating foundations This set accounts for approximately half of giving by all of the nationrsquos foundations each year and more than 75 percent of their international giving
This analysis includes all of the FC 1000 grants that identified a focus on the African continent regions of Africa or specific African countries (either in their grant descriptions or based on additional information provided directly by foundations to Foundation Center) regardless of recipient location or that were awarded to organizations headquartered on the African continent Some of these grants specified multiple countries andor regions of focus including regionscountries outside of Africa In breakdowns by African country the full value of these grants was counted toward all applicable countries however these grants were only counted once in the overall totals of US foundation funding focused on Africa
Grants Paid versus Grants Awarded
US Foundation Funding for Africa reports grant information based primarily on the total grant amount authorized whether it is paid during a single year or in several installments over a period of years If the full amount authorized is not available the amount paid during the year is shown The drawback of this measure is that if a foundation pays out a substantial multi-year commitment made at an earlier point in time it will overstate the commitments being made by that foundation for that given year Conversely it does not capture the full extent of payments being made for other years Thus depending on what time period is being examined a foundationrsquos grant commitments may appear to overcountmdashor undercountmdashits current payments
4copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
Overview of Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012 Foundation funding for Africa jumped between 2002
and 2012
Gates Foundation dominated funding but other foundations also increased support
US foundation giving focused on Africa grew at more than twice the rate of overall international giving between 2002 and 2012 Africa-focused foundation grant dollars jumped more than 400 percent from $2888 million to nearly $15 billion during this period while total international giving rose 185 percent (Figure 1) As a result Africa accounted for 25 percent of international grant dollars in 2012 up from 14 percent in 2002
The Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation which ranks as by far the nationrsquos largest foundation accounted for most of the increase in Africa-focused funding since the early years of the last decade (Figure 2) In 2002 the Gates Foundation awarded 30 grants totaling $691 million with a focus on Africa By 2012 its commitment to Africa had risen to 249 grants totaling over $1 billion (Table 1) However the Gates
Foundation was far from the only factor driving the growth in giving focused on Africa In fact excluding Gates Africa-focused giving by the remaining foundations in the FC 1000 grew more than 90 percent from $2197 million to $4221 million
Despite the strong overall rise during the past decade growth in US foundation grant dollars focused on Africa was far from linear Funding more than doubled between 2005 and 2006 primarily due to increased giving by the Gates Foundation including a $500 million commitment to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria Giving focused on Africa then peaked in 2008 consistent with overall foundation giving before declining markedly in the aftermath of the Great Recession Between 2009 and 2012 foundation support for Africa grew a modest 5 percent while overall international giving by foundations rose 17 percent Nonetheless with the exception of the 2008 peak the amount of foundation giving focused on Africa in 2012 surpassed all prior years back to 2002
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Change in Africa-focused Grant Dollars
Change in Overall International Grant Dollars
201220102008200620042002
FIGURE 1 US Foundation Overall International and Africa-focused Funding 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Change in No of Africa-focused Grants
Change in Overall No of International Grants
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
5copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
The number of grants awarded by US foundations with a focus on Africa also rose during this period from 1380 in 2002 to 1955 in 2012 a 42 percent increase This rate of increase was roughly consistent with the overall growth in the number of international grants As a result Africa-focused grants accounted for a consistent 13 to 14 percent share of all international grants throughout this period
Finally since the early 2000s the number of foundations in the FC 1000 set making at least one Africa-related grant climbed steadily from 135 to 248 Yet fewer than half (48 percent) of funders for Africa included in the 2002 FC 1000 set made more than one grant focused on Africa By 2012 however the share making more than one grant focused on Africa had increased to 60 percent
$0
$200
$4B
$600
$8B
$1000
$12B
$1400
$16B
Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation
Other Foundations
20122002
FIGURE 2 Gates Foundation and Other US Foundations Funding for Africa 2002 and 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grantswith a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$289M
$15B
2476
29
71
TABLE 1 Top US Foundation Funders for Africa 2012
Foundation State Type1 Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
of Total Amount to Organizations
Headquartered in Africa
1 Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation WA IN $1038240110 711 249 127 205
2 Ford Foundation NY IN 60341418 41 209 107 679
3 Rockefeller Foundation NY IN 26616502 18 67 34 447
4 Open Society Foundations2 NY OP 24690670 17 136 70 251
5 Howard G Buffett Foundation IL IN 24392082 17 36 18 122
6 Conrad N Hilton Foundation CA IN 23355000 16 15 08 60
7 William and Flora Hewlett Foundation CA IN 22834251 16 32 16 656
8 Carnegie Corporation of New York NY IN 19307900 13 22 11 371
9John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
IL IN 17932037 12 54 28 465
10 Andrew W Mellon Foundation NY IN 11596863 08 35 18 756
11 Coca-Cola Foundation GA CS 11585000 08 7 04 993
12 David and Lucile Packard Foundation CA IN 11470000 08 17 09 653
13 Arthur S DeMoss Foundation FL IN 10356724 07 1 01 00
14 W K Kellogg Foundation MI IN 9641012 07 7 04 93
15 ExxonMobil Foundation TX CS 8553000 06 22 11 150
Subtotal $1320912569 905 909 465
All Other Foundations 139390372 95 1046 535
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 248 foundations reported Africa-related grants See Methodology for details1IN=Independent Foundation CS=Corporate Foundation OP=Operating Foundation2Includes giving by the Open Society Institute and Foundation to Promote Open Society
6copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
ForewordAfrica is a complex and varied continent with a shifting landscape of positive changes and pressing needs It is the second-largest continent with 54 countries Although it has more than 60 percent of the worldrsquos arable land a wealth of natural resources and some of the fastest-growing economies across the continent communities continue to face a range of challenges More resources from all sectorsndashgovernment business and philanthropyndashare needed to address compelling and urgent issues such as economic and social inequality high unemployment inadequate access to health care and increased threats of terrorism
American foundations have a long history of engagement in Africa When the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group (AGAG) was formed in 2000 it emerged from an informal network working to galvanize philanthropyrsquos support for anti-apartheid efforts in Southern Africa Over the past fifteen years AGAG has worked to promote philanthropy that is robust effective and responsive to the changes taking place across the continent and to the needs of African communities
AGAG is pleased to partner with Foundation Center to produce this first-ever report examining a decade of foundation funding for Africa We hope that grantmakers researchers NGOs and other stakeholders will find this information helpful in understanding how trends in funding for Africa have changed over time
Supporting organizations that are making a difference and engaged in good work across Africa will help communities there to achieve their full potential Now is a time of tremendous opportunity for funders to increase their impact and keep the momentum of positive change in Africa moving forward
Niamani MutimaExecutive Director
Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group
3copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
IntroductionLeading US foundations have long been engaged in supporting positive change in Africa across areas ranging from agriculture education and civil society to democracy health and human rights Joining these grantmakers are new actors and approaches that open up an ever-greater number of opportunities to improve the well-being of the more than 11 billion individuals living in African communities
US Foundation Funding for Africa represents a first-ever examination of grantmaking by the nationrsquos foundation community specifically focused on continental Africa Prepared by Foundation Center in cooperation with Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group this report captures all US foundation funding focused on Africa regardless of recipient location Any foundation represented in Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 set with at least one grant focused on Africa
was included The FC 1000 data set captures funding by 1000 of the largest US private and community foundations and accounts for more than 75 percent of international giving by all US foundations See Methodology for additional details
This report begins with an examination of the change in US foundation funding for Africa between 2002 and 2012 Following sections offer detailed examinations of the distribution of foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 Finally while the report documents the distribution of funding focused on Africa overall it also examines differences in funding priorities based on whether foundations were supporting organizations headquartered in Africa or supporting projects and other activities focused on Africa that were conducted by organizations headquartered outside of Africa
Methodology
The analysis presented in this report is based on Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 annual data sets which include all of the grants of $10000 or more awarded by 1000 of the largest US independent corporate community and grantmaking operating foundations This set accounts for approximately half of giving by all of the nationrsquos foundations each year and more than 75 percent of their international giving
This analysis includes all of the FC 1000 grants that identified a focus on the African continent regions of Africa or specific African countries (either in their grant descriptions or based on additional information provided directly by foundations to Foundation Center) regardless of recipient location or that were awarded to organizations headquartered on the African continent Some of these grants specified multiple countries andor regions of focus including regionscountries outside of Africa In breakdowns by African country the full value of these grants was counted toward all applicable countries however these grants were only counted once in the overall totals of US foundation funding focused on Africa
Grants Paid versus Grants Awarded
US Foundation Funding for Africa reports grant information based primarily on the total grant amount authorized whether it is paid during a single year or in several installments over a period of years If the full amount authorized is not available the amount paid during the year is shown The drawback of this measure is that if a foundation pays out a substantial multi-year commitment made at an earlier point in time it will overstate the commitments being made by that foundation for that given year Conversely it does not capture the full extent of payments being made for other years Thus depending on what time period is being examined a foundationrsquos grant commitments may appear to overcountmdashor undercountmdashits current payments
4copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
Overview of Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012 Foundation funding for Africa jumped between 2002
and 2012
Gates Foundation dominated funding but other foundations also increased support
US foundation giving focused on Africa grew at more than twice the rate of overall international giving between 2002 and 2012 Africa-focused foundation grant dollars jumped more than 400 percent from $2888 million to nearly $15 billion during this period while total international giving rose 185 percent (Figure 1) As a result Africa accounted for 25 percent of international grant dollars in 2012 up from 14 percent in 2002
The Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation which ranks as by far the nationrsquos largest foundation accounted for most of the increase in Africa-focused funding since the early years of the last decade (Figure 2) In 2002 the Gates Foundation awarded 30 grants totaling $691 million with a focus on Africa By 2012 its commitment to Africa had risen to 249 grants totaling over $1 billion (Table 1) However the Gates
Foundation was far from the only factor driving the growth in giving focused on Africa In fact excluding Gates Africa-focused giving by the remaining foundations in the FC 1000 grew more than 90 percent from $2197 million to $4221 million
Despite the strong overall rise during the past decade growth in US foundation grant dollars focused on Africa was far from linear Funding more than doubled between 2005 and 2006 primarily due to increased giving by the Gates Foundation including a $500 million commitment to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria Giving focused on Africa then peaked in 2008 consistent with overall foundation giving before declining markedly in the aftermath of the Great Recession Between 2009 and 2012 foundation support for Africa grew a modest 5 percent while overall international giving by foundations rose 17 percent Nonetheless with the exception of the 2008 peak the amount of foundation giving focused on Africa in 2012 surpassed all prior years back to 2002
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Change in Africa-focused Grant Dollars
Change in Overall International Grant Dollars
201220102008200620042002
FIGURE 1 US Foundation Overall International and Africa-focused Funding 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Change in No of Africa-focused Grants
Change in Overall No of International Grants
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
5copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
The number of grants awarded by US foundations with a focus on Africa also rose during this period from 1380 in 2002 to 1955 in 2012 a 42 percent increase This rate of increase was roughly consistent with the overall growth in the number of international grants As a result Africa-focused grants accounted for a consistent 13 to 14 percent share of all international grants throughout this period
Finally since the early 2000s the number of foundations in the FC 1000 set making at least one Africa-related grant climbed steadily from 135 to 248 Yet fewer than half (48 percent) of funders for Africa included in the 2002 FC 1000 set made more than one grant focused on Africa By 2012 however the share making more than one grant focused on Africa had increased to 60 percent
$0
$200
$4B
$600
$8B
$1000
$12B
$1400
$16B
Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation
Other Foundations
20122002
FIGURE 2 Gates Foundation and Other US Foundations Funding for Africa 2002 and 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grantswith a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$289M
$15B
2476
29
71
TABLE 1 Top US Foundation Funders for Africa 2012
Foundation State Type1 Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
of Total Amount to Organizations
Headquartered in Africa
1 Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation WA IN $1038240110 711 249 127 205
2 Ford Foundation NY IN 60341418 41 209 107 679
3 Rockefeller Foundation NY IN 26616502 18 67 34 447
4 Open Society Foundations2 NY OP 24690670 17 136 70 251
5 Howard G Buffett Foundation IL IN 24392082 17 36 18 122
6 Conrad N Hilton Foundation CA IN 23355000 16 15 08 60
7 William and Flora Hewlett Foundation CA IN 22834251 16 32 16 656
8 Carnegie Corporation of New York NY IN 19307900 13 22 11 371
9John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
IL IN 17932037 12 54 28 465
10 Andrew W Mellon Foundation NY IN 11596863 08 35 18 756
11 Coca-Cola Foundation GA CS 11585000 08 7 04 993
12 David and Lucile Packard Foundation CA IN 11470000 08 17 09 653
13 Arthur S DeMoss Foundation FL IN 10356724 07 1 01 00
14 W K Kellogg Foundation MI IN 9641012 07 7 04 93
15 ExxonMobil Foundation TX CS 8553000 06 22 11 150
Subtotal $1320912569 905 909 465
All Other Foundations 139390372 95 1046 535
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 248 foundations reported Africa-related grants See Methodology for details1IN=Independent Foundation CS=Corporate Foundation OP=Operating Foundation2Includes giving by the Open Society Institute and Foundation to Promote Open Society
6copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
IntroductionLeading US foundations have long been engaged in supporting positive change in Africa across areas ranging from agriculture education and civil society to democracy health and human rights Joining these grantmakers are new actors and approaches that open up an ever-greater number of opportunities to improve the well-being of the more than 11 billion individuals living in African communities
US Foundation Funding for Africa represents a first-ever examination of grantmaking by the nationrsquos foundation community specifically focused on continental Africa Prepared by Foundation Center in cooperation with Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group this report captures all US foundation funding focused on Africa regardless of recipient location Any foundation represented in Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 set with at least one grant focused on Africa
was included The FC 1000 data set captures funding by 1000 of the largest US private and community foundations and accounts for more than 75 percent of international giving by all US foundations See Methodology for additional details
This report begins with an examination of the change in US foundation funding for Africa between 2002 and 2012 Following sections offer detailed examinations of the distribution of foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 Finally while the report documents the distribution of funding focused on Africa overall it also examines differences in funding priorities based on whether foundations were supporting organizations headquartered in Africa or supporting projects and other activities focused on Africa that were conducted by organizations headquartered outside of Africa
Methodology
The analysis presented in this report is based on Foundation Centerrsquos FC 1000 annual data sets which include all of the grants of $10000 or more awarded by 1000 of the largest US independent corporate community and grantmaking operating foundations This set accounts for approximately half of giving by all of the nationrsquos foundations each year and more than 75 percent of their international giving
This analysis includes all of the FC 1000 grants that identified a focus on the African continent regions of Africa or specific African countries (either in their grant descriptions or based on additional information provided directly by foundations to Foundation Center) regardless of recipient location or that were awarded to organizations headquartered on the African continent Some of these grants specified multiple countries andor regions of focus including regionscountries outside of Africa In breakdowns by African country the full value of these grants was counted toward all applicable countries however these grants were only counted once in the overall totals of US foundation funding focused on Africa
Grants Paid versus Grants Awarded
US Foundation Funding for Africa reports grant information based primarily on the total grant amount authorized whether it is paid during a single year or in several installments over a period of years If the full amount authorized is not available the amount paid during the year is shown The drawback of this measure is that if a foundation pays out a substantial multi-year commitment made at an earlier point in time it will overstate the commitments being made by that foundation for that given year Conversely it does not capture the full extent of payments being made for other years Thus depending on what time period is being examined a foundationrsquos grant commitments may appear to overcountmdashor undercountmdashits current payments
4copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
Overview of Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012 Foundation funding for Africa jumped between 2002
and 2012
Gates Foundation dominated funding but other foundations also increased support
US foundation giving focused on Africa grew at more than twice the rate of overall international giving between 2002 and 2012 Africa-focused foundation grant dollars jumped more than 400 percent from $2888 million to nearly $15 billion during this period while total international giving rose 185 percent (Figure 1) As a result Africa accounted for 25 percent of international grant dollars in 2012 up from 14 percent in 2002
The Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation which ranks as by far the nationrsquos largest foundation accounted for most of the increase in Africa-focused funding since the early years of the last decade (Figure 2) In 2002 the Gates Foundation awarded 30 grants totaling $691 million with a focus on Africa By 2012 its commitment to Africa had risen to 249 grants totaling over $1 billion (Table 1) However the Gates
Foundation was far from the only factor driving the growth in giving focused on Africa In fact excluding Gates Africa-focused giving by the remaining foundations in the FC 1000 grew more than 90 percent from $2197 million to $4221 million
Despite the strong overall rise during the past decade growth in US foundation grant dollars focused on Africa was far from linear Funding more than doubled between 2005 and 2006 primarily due to increased giving by the Gates Foundation including a $500 million commitment to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria Giving focused on Africa then peaked in 2008 consistent with overall foundation giving before declining markedly in the aftermath of the Great Recession Between 2009 and 2012 foundation support for Africa grew a modest 5 percent while overall international giving by foundations rose 17 percent Nonetheless with the exception of the 2008 peak the amount of foundation giving focused on Africa in 2012 surpassed all prior years back to 2002
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Change in Africa-focused Grant Dollars
Change in Overall International Grant Dollars
201220102008200620042002
FIGURE 1 US Foundation Overall International and Africa-focused Funding 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Change in No of Africa-focused Grants
Change in Overall No of International Grants
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
5copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
The number of grants awarded by US foundations with a focus on Africa also rose during this period from 1380 in 2002 to 1955 in 2012 a 42 percent increase This rate of increase was roughly consistent with the overall growth in the number of international grants As a result Africa-focused grants accounted for a consistent 13 to 14 percent share of all international grants throughout this period
Finally since the early 2000s the number of foundations in the FC 1000 set making at least one Africa-related grant climbed steadily from 135 to 248 Yet fewer than half (48 percent) of funders for Africa included in the 2002 FC 1000 set made more than one grant focused on Africa By 2012 however the share making more than one grant focused on Africa had increased to 60 percent
$0
$200
$4B
$600
$8B
$1000
$12B
$1400
$16B
Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation
Other Foundations
20122002
FIGURE 2 Gates Foundation and Other US Foundations Funding for Africa 2002 and 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grantswith a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$289M
$15B
2476
29
71
TABLE 1 Top US Foundation Funders for Africa 2012
Foundation State Type1 Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
of Total Amount to Organizations
Headquartered in Africa
1 Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation WA IN $1038240110 711 249 127 205
2 Ford Foundation NY IN 60341418 41 209 107 679
3 Rockefeller Foundation NY IN 26616502 18 67 34 447
4 Open Society Foundations2 NY OP 24690670 17 136 70 251
5 Howard G Buffett Foundation IL IN 24392082 17 36 18 122
6 Conrad N Hilton Foundation CA IN 23355000 16 15 08 60
7 William and Flora Hewlett Foundation CA IN 22834251 16 32 16 656
8 Carnegie Corporation of New York NY IN 19307900 13 22 11 371
9John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
IL IN 17932037 12 54 28 465
10 Andrew W Mellon Foundation NY IN 11596863 08 35 18 756
11 Coca-Cola Foundation GA CS 11585000 08 7 04 993
12 David and Lucile Packard Foundation CA IN 11470000 08 17 09 653
13 Arthur S DeMoss Foundation FL IN 10356724 07 1 01 00
14 W K Kellogg Foundation MI IN 9641012 07 7 04 93
15 ExxonMobil Foundation TX CS 8553000 06 22 11 150
Subtotal $1320912569 905 909 465
All Other Foundations 139390372 95 1046 535
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 248 foundations reported Africa-related grants See Methodology for details1IN=Independent Foundation CS=Corporate Foundation OP=Operating Foundation2Includes giving by the Open Society Institute and Foundation to Promote Open Society
6copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
Overview of Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012 Foundation funding for Africa jumped between 2002
and 2012
Gates Foundation dominated funding but other foundations also increased support
US foundation giving focused on Africa grew at more than twice the rate of overall international giving between 2002 and 2012 Africa-focused foundation grant dollars jumped more than 400 percent from $2888 million to nearly $15 billion during this period while total international giving rose 185 percent (Figure 1) As a result Africa accounted for 25 percent of international grant dollars in 2012 up from 14 percent in 2002
The Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation which ranks as by far the nationrsquos largest foundation accounted for most of the increase in Africa-focused funding since the early years of the last decade (Figure 2) In 2002 the Gates Foundation awarded 30 grants totaling $691 million with a focus on Africa By 2012 its commitment to Africa had risen to 249 grants totaling over $1 billion (Table 1) However the Gates
Foundation was far from the only factor driving the growth in giving focused on Africa In fact excluding Gates Africa-focused giving by the remaining foundations in the FC 1000 grew more than 90 percent from $2197 million to $4221 million
Despite the strong overall rise during the past decade growth in US foundation grant dollars focused on Africa was far from linear Funding more than doubled between 2005 and 2006 primarily due to increased giving by the Gates Foundation including a $500 million commitment to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria Giving focused on Africa then peaked in 2008 consistent with overall foundation giving before declining markedly in the aftermath of the Great Recession Between 2009 and 2012 foundation support for Africa grew a modest 5 percent while overall international giving by foundations rose 17 percent Nonetheless with the exception of the 2008 peak the amount of foundation giving focused on Africa in 2012 surpassed all prior years back to 2002
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Change in Africa-focused Grant Dollars
Change in Overall International Grant Dollars
201220102008200620042002
FIGURE 1 US Foundation Overall International and Africa-focused Funding 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Change in No of Africa-focused Grants
Change in Overall No of International Grants
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
5copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
The number of grants awarded by US foundations with a focus on Africa also rose during this period from 1380 in 2002 to 1955 in 2012 a 42 percent increase This rate of increase was roughly consistent with the overall growth in the number of international grants As a result Africa-focused grants accounted for a consistent 13 to 14 percent share of all international grants throughout this period
Finally since the early 2000s the number of foundations in the FC 1000 set making at least one Africa-related grant climbed steadily from 135 to 248 Yet fewer than half (48 percent) of funders for Africa included in the 2002 FC 1000 set made more than one grant focused on Africa By 2012 however the share making more than one grant focused on Africa had increased to 60 percent
$0
$200
$4B
$600
$8B
$1000
$12B
$1400
$16B
Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation
Other Foundations
20122002
FIGURE 2 Gates Foundation and Other US Foundations Funding for Africa 2002 and 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grantswith a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$289M
$15B
2476
29
71
TABLE 1 Top US Foundation Funders for Africa 2012
Foundation State Type1 Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
of Total Amount to Organizations
Headquartered in Africa
1 Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation WA IN $1038240110 711 249 127 205
2 Ford Foundation NY IN 60341418 41 209 107 679
3 Rockefeller Foundation NY IN 26616502 18 67 34 447
4 Open Society Foundations2 NY OP 24690670 17 136 70 251
5 Howard G Buffett Foundation IL IN 24392082 17 36 18 122
6 Conrad N Hilton Foundation CA IN 23355000 16 15 08 60
7 William and Flora Hewlett Foundation CA IN 22834251 16 32 16 656
8 Carnegie Corporation of New York NY IN 19307900 13 22 11 371
9John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
IL IN 17932037 12 54 28 465
10 Andrew W Mellon Foundation NY IN 11596863 08 35 18 756
11 Coca-Cola Foundation GA CS 11585000 08 7 04 993
12 David and Lucile Packard Foundation CA IN 11470000 08 17 09 653
13 Arthur S DeMoss Foundation FL IN 10356724 07 1 01 00
14 W K Kellogg Foundation MI IN 9641012 07 7 04 93
15 ExxonMobil Foundation TX CS 8553000 06 22 11 150
Subtotal $1320912569 905 909 465
All Other Foundations 139390372 95 1046 535
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 248 foundations reported Africa-related grants See Methodology for details1IN=Independent Foundation CS=Corporate Foundation OP=Operating Foundation2Includes giving by the Open Society Institute and Foundation to Promote Open Society
6copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
The number of grants awarded by US foundations with a focus on Africa also rose during this period from 1380 in 2002 to 1955 in 2012 a 42 percent increase This rate of increase was roughly consistent with the overall growth in the number of international grants As a result Africa-focused grants accounted for a consistent 13 to 14 percent share of all international grants throughout this period
Finally since the early 2000s the number of foundations in the FC 1000 set making at least one Africa-related grant climbed steadily from 135 to 248 Yet fewer than half (48 percent) of funders for Africa included in the 2002 FC 1000 set made more than one grant focused on Africa By 2012 however the share making more than one grant focused on Africa had increased to 60 percent
$0
$200
$4B
$600
$8B
$1000
$12B
$1400
$16B
Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation
Other Foundations
20122002
FIGURE 2 Gates Foundation and Other US Foundations Funding for Africa 2002 and 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grantswith a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$289M
$15B
2476
29
71
TABLE 1 Top US Foundation Funders for Africa 2012
Foundation State Type1 Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
of Total Amount to Organizations
Headquartered in Africa
1 Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation WA IN $1038240110 711 249 127 205
2 Ford Foundation NY IN 60341418 41 209 107 679
3 Rockefeller Foundation NY IN 26616502 18 67 34 447
4 Open Society Foundations2 NY OP 24690670 17 136 70 251
5 Howard G Buffett Foundation IL IN 24392082 17 36 18 122
6 Conrad N Hilton Foundation CA IN 23355000 16 15 08 60
7 William and Flora Hewlett Foundation CA IN 22834251 16 32 16 656
8 Carnegie Corporation of New York NY IN 19307900 13 22 11 371
9John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
IL IN 17932037 12 54 28 465
10 Andrew W Mellon Foundation NY IN 11596863 08 35 18 756
11 Coca-Cola Foundation GA CS 11585000 08 7 04 993
12 David and Lucile Packard Foundation CA IN 11470000 08 17 09 653
13 Arthur S DeMoss Foundation FL IN 10356724 07 1 01 00
14 W K Kellogg Foundation MI IN 9641012 07 7 04 93
15 ExxonMobil Foundation TX CS 8553000 06 22 11 150
Subtotal $1320912569 905 909 465
All Other Foundations 139390372 95 1046 535
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 248 foundations reported Africa-related grants See Methodology for details1IN=Independent Foundation CS=Corporate Foundation OP=Operating Foundation2Includes giving by the Open Society Institute and Foundation to Promote Open Society
6copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Geographic Focus 2012 Most funding for Africa went to organizations
headquartered outside the region
Share of foundation funding targeting organizations headquartered in Africa declined over past decade
The majority of US foundation funding focused on Africa supported organizations headquartered outside of Africa (Figure 3) In 2012 just over one-quarter of foundation giving for Africa targeted organizations headquartered in 36 of the 54 countries on the continent led by the Kenya-based African Agricultural Technology Foundation (Table 2) The Foundation ranked fourth among all 2012 recipients after benefiting from five grants totaling $551 million By comparison the top-ranked World Health Organization based in Switzerland received grants totaling $1336 million that included a focus on Africa (Table 3) Overall 12 of the top 15 recipients of Africa-focused giving in 2012 were headquartered outside of the continent All but three of these 12 organizations were global in focus led by the World Health Organization
Contributing to the substantial share of giving awarded to organizations headquartered outside of Africa was the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundation If the largest US foundation awarding funding for Africa were excluded from the 2012 data the share of grant dollars provided by the remaining 247 foundations to organizations headquartered in Africa would rise from 26 percent to 39 percent (By comparison the share of number of grants targeting organizations headquartered in Africa which is not affected by the size of the awards would remain almost unchanged at 36 percent excluding the Gates Foundation) Nonetheless the Gates Foundation accounted for well over half of US foundation grant dollars going directly to organizations headquartered in Africa in 2012 ($2128 million) far surpassing the other top five funders of organizations headquartered in Africa the Ford ($41 million) William and Flora Hewlett ($15 million) Rockefeller ($119 million) and Coca-Cola ($115 million) foundations
$289M
FIGURE 3 US Foundation Funding for Africa 2002 to 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
$0
$5B
$10B
$15B
$20B
$25B
Recipients Based Outside of Africa
Africa-based Recipients
20122011201020092008200720062005200420032002
$314M$298M$404M
$289M
$12B$14B
$22B
$14B$13B $14B
$15B
7copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
TABLE 2 Top Africa-Headquartered Recipients of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 African Agricultural Technology Foundation Kenya $55101683 38 5 03
2 Society for Family Health Nigeria 33129195 23 2 01
3 Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Kenya 19343957 13 6 03
4 World Agroforestry Centre Kenya 14671740 10 3 02
5 University of Cape Town South Africa 12765995 09 36 18
6 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 12753793 09 2 01
7 Coca-Cola Africa Foundation Swaziland 10750000 07 4 02
8 Relief Society of Tigray Ethiopia 6150412 04 2 01
9 African Population and Health Research Center Kenya 5540000 04 4 02
10 Ville de Dakar Senegal 4999406 03 1 01
11 Ministry of Urban Development Housing and Construction Ethiopia 4835835 03 1 01
12 Water and Sanitation for Africa Burkina Faso 4418508 03 2 01
13 Office National de lEau et de lAssainissement Burkina Faso 4177945 03 1 01
14 Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative South Africa 3999896 03 2 01
15 African Union Ethiopia 3807883 03 2 01
Subtotal $196446248 135 73 39
All Other Recipients $1263856693 865 1882 961
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa awarded to recipient organizations headquartered in Africa
Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of US foundationsrsquo $15 billion in Africa-focused funding by recipient country in 2012 In the case of African countries an important caution is that foundation funding may not be intended to exclusively benefit the residents of those countries For example most of the top recipient countries in Africa serve as the headquarters location for organizations working in multiple African countries The overall distribution of support should also not be interpreted as indicating that there is a broad range of funders supporting organizations headquartered in that country In the case of Swaziland for example nearly all of the $111 million going to recipients headquartered in the country was received by a single organization the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation
In both 2002 and 2012 a minority of Africa funders in the FC 1000 set made at least one grant directly to a recipient headquartered in Africa although the number did rise from 42 to 57 foundations Still because the overall number of Africa-focused funders grew faster the share of Africa-focused funders providing support to an organization headquartered in Africa declined from 31 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2012
Numerous factors drive the decisions of foundations to fund directly in country or to channel funding through intermediary organizations And some foundations take advantage of both strategies depending upon the goals of specific grants The extensive equivalency determination process required
8copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
TABLE 3 Top Recipients Headquartered Outside of Africa of US Foundation Funding for Africa 2012
Organization Country Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
1 World Health Organization Switzerland $133584786 91 9 05
2 International Development Association USA 61405000 42 1 01
3 UNICEF USA 59912652 41 1 01
4 Marie Stopes International England 46153856 32 3 02
5 Save the Children Federation USA 44547982 31 5 03
6 Johns Hopkins University USA 29248636 20 8 04
7 Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungssgesellschaft Germany 24394966 17 2 01
8 Cornell University USA 20879306 14 4 02
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Italy 20752394 14 2 01
10 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development USA 18512404 13 6 03
11 University of California San Francisco USA 17762764 12 6 03
12 University of British Columbia Canada 17405192 12 1 01
13 United States Fund for UNICEF NY 15023124 10 5 03
14 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China 15000000 10 1 01
15 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit Germany 14990249 10 3 02
Subtotal $539573311 369 57 29
All Other Recipients $920729630 631 1898 971
Total $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location A total of 1231 organizations received Africa-related grants See Methodology for details
for directly supporting organizations based outside of the United States may serve as a disincentive for some foundations According to a 2011 report produced by the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group among other reasons why foundations may choose to provide funding for Africa via an intermediary organization include size of grant specifically for large grants that require extensive financial and management capacity or limitations built into a foundationrsquos charter restricting its support to organizations with a US 501(c)(3) tax status or equivalent Factors that might lead foundations to directly fund organizations headquartered in Africa include an interest in addressing issues from a local perspective a desire to build organizational capacity
andor an interest in providing funding directly to local groups1
Newer foundations may also contribute to the growth in Africa-focused funding directed to organizations headquartered in Africa Among the 57 foundations that awarded 2012 grants to Africa-based recipients eight were established from 2000 onmdashsuch as A Glimmer of Hope Foundation and the Omidyar Network Fund
1 See Tides CenterAfrica Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group Making the Right Fit Supporting NGOs in Africa Using Direct and Indirect Funding 2011 available at africagrantmakersorgwp-contentuploads201408Making-the-Right-Fitpdf
9copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
FIGURE 4 Distribution of US Foundation Funding for Africa by Recipient Countries 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Top Other CountriesSwitzerland $136304883England $96720615Germany $50371791Italy $29506121Canada $26384817
African Countries
$376 Million26
Other Countries$418 Million
29
United States
$666 Million46
United States
TOTAL = $15 Billion
African Countries All Funding Funding Excluding Gates Foundation
Kenya $120792733 $33268640
Nigeria $82861814 $13194424
South Africa $72174277 $52255845
Ethiopia $24595231 $14917665
Senegal $14824453 $6503000
Swaziland $11051757 $11051757
Uganda $9560819 $7960919
Burkina Faso $8668624 $72171
Ghana $6940939 $4838630
Egypt $5437659 $5437659
Tanzania $4507530 $2107530
Mali $3428851 $3328851
Rwanda $2115252 $408432
Zambia $2004247 $1170000
Zimbabwe $1992632 $1992632
Angola $1464362 $1086000
Sierra Leone $742677 $742677
Tunisia $625460 $625460
Democratic Republic of the Congo $516232 $516232
Botswana $250000 $250000
Cameroon $235000 $235000
Sudan $233404 $233404
Mauritius $220000 $220000
Namibia $184235 $184235
Benin $150000 $150000
Burundi $150000 $150000
South Sudan $100000 $100000
Lesotho $86465 $86465
Mozambique $79387 $79387
Libya $75000 $75000
Niger $55000 $55000
Malawi $42500 $42500
Gabon $15000 $15000
Madagascar $15000 $15000
Cocircte dIvoire $10000 $10000
Togo $10000 $10000
10copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Issue Focus 2012 Health captures largest share of foundationsrsquo Africa-
focused giving
Excluding Gates International Development ranks as top priority for foundations
Health accounted for the largest share of US foundation funding focused on Africa in 2012 (Figure 5 and Table 4) However a single fundermdashthe Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashaccounted for close to 90 percent of this support Excluding the Gates Foundation the other 247 Africa funders in the FC 1000 set ranked international development and relief as their top funding priority by grant dollars in 2012 (29 percent) followed by health (22 percent) education (11 percent) and public affairssociety benefit (9 percent) which includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
An examination of 2012 giving by all FC 1000 foundations directly to organizations headquartered in Africa showed international development and relief capturing the largest share of funding followed by health However if the Gates Foundation is once again excluded funding for development remains the top priority by share of grant dollars (23 percent) but is followed closely by education (20 percent) Just over half of the funding for education focused on higher and graduate education
Finally based on share of number of grants which is less affected by large awards or a single funder international development and relief captured the largest share of Africa-focused funding followed by health education and human rights
FIGURE 5 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Major Issue Focus 2012
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benet includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
OtherEnvironmentand
Animals
EducationPublicAffairsSociety Benet1
International Development
and Relief
Health0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
OtherArts Culture
Humanities and Media
Public AffairsSociety Benet1
Environmentand
Animals
HumanRights and Civil
Liberties
EducationHealthInternationalDevelopment
and Relief
Percent of Grant Dollars Percent of Number of Grants
11copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
TABLE 4 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Issue Focus 2012
Amount of Total Amount
No of Grants
of Total No of Grants
Health $756887267 518 403 206
Medical Research 226335967 155 34 17
Public Health 217788058 149 120 61
Reproductive Health Care 160567682 110 73 37
Specific Diseases 94283405 65 123 63
Health Care General 57612155 39 52 27
Mental Health 300000 00 1 01
International Development and Relief $463843256 318 677 346
Agricultural Development 327399409 224 164 84
DevelopmentRelief General 53706764 37 171 87
EconomicCommunity Development 50815253 35 173 88
Human Services 22933276 16 121 62
ReliefHumanitarian Aid 8988554 06 48 25
Public AffairsSociety Benefit1 $54355223 37 106 54
Education $46342624 32 208 106
Higher Education 16760559 11 53 27
Education Other 14254056 10 51 26
GraduateProfessional 7330960 05 27 14
Elementary and Secondary 5985049 04 75 38
Libraries 2012000 01 2 01
Environment and Animals $36307647 25 137 70
Human Rights and Civil Liberties $33592865 23 170 87
Arts Culture Humanities and Media $24290994 17 97 50
Religion $18792827 13 60 31
Social Sciences $16067573 11 41 21
International Affairs Peace and Security $7410770 05 38 19
Science and Technology $2411895 02 18 09
TOTAL $1460302941 1000 1955 1000
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details1Public AffairsSociety Benefit includes grants for public affairs philanthropy and general grants to promote civil society Some civil society grants are captured in other categories such as human rights and international development
12copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Population Focus 2012 Foundation funding for Africa prioritizes children and
youth and women and girls
Youth account for the largest population shares in most African countries and the continent as a whole ranks as the ldquoyoungestrdquo in the world Consistent with this reality children and youth were the focus of more than one in three grant dollars and one in four grants awarded by US foundations for Africa in 2012 (Figure 6) Women and girls followed accounting for about one in five grant dollars and grants Foundation support focused on women and girls ranged from strengthening maternal health to raising awareness of the needs of girls to promoting gender equality
Other African populations accounting for at least 3 percent of US foundation grant dollars or grants included people with disabilities people with HIVAIDS and victims of crimes and abuse In the case of people with disabilities the three largest foundation grants awarded for Africa in 2012mdashall provided by the Bill amp Melinda Gates Foundationmdashsupported polio eradication
FIGURE 6 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Selected Population 2012
0
10
20
30
40
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedGeneral Public
Crime or Abuse Victims
People with HIVAIDS
People with Disabilities
Women and GirlsChildren and Youth
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details Includes population groups accounting for at least 3 percent of grant dollars or number of grants Chart does not include the economically disadvantaged which accounted for 84 percent of grant dollars and 57 percent of grants
Figures represent only grants awarded to groups that could be identified as serving specific populations or grants whose descriptions specified a benefit for a specific population These figures do not reflect all giving benefiting these groups In addition grants may benefit multiple population groups eg a grant for women with HIVAIDS and would therefore be counted more than once
13copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
FOUNDATION FUNDING BY
Type of Support 2012 Most US foundation support for Africa targeted
specific projects
The overwhelming majority of US foundation grant dollars for Africa (91 percent) targeted specific programs and projects (Figure 7) By comparison the share was just over 50 percent based on all US foundation givingmdashboth international and domestic
Foundations also directed a notably larger share of their Africa-focused giving for research than was true for their giving overall In contrast FC 1000 foundations directed a substantially smaller share of their Africa funding as general or unrestricted support (9 percent) compared to total US foundation giving (23 percent)
FIGURE 7 US Foundation Funding for Africa by Type of Support 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent of Number of Grants
Percent of Grant Dollars
Not SpeciedCapital SupportStudent Aid FundsGeneralUnrestrictedResearchProgram
Source Foundation Center 2015 Figures include all FC 1000 grants with a geographic focus of Africa regardless of recipient location See Methodology for details
Grants may provide multiple types of support The full value of these grants has been counted in all applicable type of support categories
4Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
14copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
AfterwordAs this report has demonstrated American foundations can make and have made significant contributions to positive change for Africa and its people But it is important to note that this report captures only a sample of one segment of the broad spectrum of funding organizations active in Africa In addition to private and community foundations there are public charities charitable trusts and other foundation-like organizations headquartered within and outside of the United States not included in this data set In some cases these foundations may be the only source of support for African grassroots and community organizations
As the Africa Grantmakersrsquo Affinity Group and Foundation Center work to support the global network of connected and knowledgeable funders within the broader field of philanthropy we hope this report will serve as a useful tool for understanding the range of issues facing African communities their urgency and the many compelling opportunities for lasting and meaningful change By highlighting the nature and scope of trends in foundation funding for Africa we also believe that this report can help to inform Africa fundersrsquo grantmaking strategies and decision making at all levels
15copy Foundation Center | US Foundation Funding for Africa
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg
32 Old Slip u New York NY 10005 u (800) 424-9836 u foundationcenterorg